湛江市霞山区公园绿地地被植物应用现状调查与分析

为了解湛江市城市公园地被植物的应用现状,笔者采用典型抽样方法对湛江市霞山区4个主要城市公园进行现场调查。结果表明:湛江市霞山区城市公园绿地地被植物丰富,调查范围内共记录有地被植物54种,隶属于33科50属,其中灌木类地被32种,隶属于22科29属,草本类地被22种,隶属于11科21属;天门冬科、禾本科、菊科、天南星科、大戟科及木犀科植物种类较多,占全部地被植物种类的35.9%;湛江市霞山区城市公园绿地较为重视观叶及观花类地被植物的应用,观果类地被植物种类相对较少。通过调查分析,笔者提出应加强乡土地被植物和蕨类植物的开发利用,增加观果类地被植物的应用比例。     

地被植物在东北地区城市绿化中的应用

地被植物是城市园林绿化的底色和园林植物群落的重要组成部分.在城市绿化中,要对地被植物进行必要的筛选与配置,以达到优美的视觉效果.概述东北地区地被植物资源情况,总结地被植物配置需要遵循的原则,详细介绍东北地区城市绿化中草坪、林下、树穴树坛和绿化隔离带中常用的地被植物配置.     

地被植物在园林中的应用

1 地被植物分类 地被植物的种类，有草本也有木本，可以适应各种不同的环境条件、构成不同类型的地被，在建筑物及道路附近又可构成各种装饰地被。可分别按照生态环境、观赏特点、种类进行区分，有如下几种：①草本地被植物类；②藤本地被植物类；③蕨类地被植物类；④矮竹地被植物类；⑤矮灌木地被植物类。     

秦岭华北落叶松人工林耗水规律与环境因子关系研究

以不同林龄(幼龄、中龄、老龄)华北落叶松为研究对象,依托国家级森林生态系统定位观测站,连续5年采用热扩散式茎流计法(树木蒸腾)和称重法(土壤蒸发)对华北落叶松土壤蒸发与植被蒸散耗水及其环境因子进行定量监测,定量分析蒸腾、蒸发等各蒸散的强度与环境因子的关系。结果表明:2012-2017年不同林龄土壤蒸发量和蒸腾耗水量均呈"几"字形变化规律,在7-8月达到最大,4-6月呈急剧增加趋势,9月以后有所降低;当土壤含水量18%,地被植物并不抑制土壤水分的蒸发;当土壤含水量18%,地被植物抑制了土壤水分的蒸发;土壤蒸发量与土壤温度和土壤含水量均呈显著的正相关。相关性分析表明林木蒸腾强度与土壤含水量、太阳辐射强度、土壤温度呈正相关,即华北落叶松林木蒸腾强度随各环境因子变量值的增加而增加;然而,林木蒸腾强度与自身属性(冠幅、胸径、株高)呈负相关关系,即随着林木的生长,其蒸腾作用受到了一定的抑制。综合分析表明:影响华北落叶松耗水最直接的因素是土壤水分含量,当土壤含水量较小时,华北落叶松首先满足自身对于土壤水分的需求。     

长沙市宁乡未来方舟小区景观设计

未来方舟居住小区座落在湖南省长沙市宁乡县,是连接周边各市县的核心地段,具有地理位置优越,交通便利,气候适宜等特点。本小区设计符合相关的设计依据和法律法规,以人本主义为设计原则,对小区进行合理的景观功能分区,再进行合理的植物配置,采用乡土树种,将乔灌木与地被植物相结合,营造宜居的景观环境。为满足现代城市不同年龄、不同性别、不同层次的居民对居住环境的需求,坚持以人为本,在小区景观的设计过程中本人结合了长沙市宁乡县本地的气候特征,在景观设计中注重体现地方文化及特色,实现景观设计的美化与绿化功能,满足居民的需求,创建简洁、大方、便民的居住环境。     

传感器与检测技术在机电一体化系统中的应用

传感器和检测技术在机电一体化领域的应用十分重要,本文深入的分析了机电一体化领域中传感器和检测技术的应用情况,并对其在应用过程中出现的问题制定了应对方案,对提升传感器和检测技术的应用价值具有重要意义。     

任务教学法在Auto CAD软件教学中的实践应用设计

任务教学法在现阶段的高等院校教学中应用十分广泛,对于优化教学效果,提高学生的实践应用能力作用明显。在机械专业Auto CAD软件的课程教学中应用任务教学法,能有效提高学生对软件的应用能力和对机械知识的掌握程度。从Auto CAD课程和任务教学法特点出发,说明了任务教学法的应用思路,并进行了实践设计,对任务教学法的应用必要性进行了评价。     

机械设计中的材料的选择和应用

现代化的工业进程对机械设计行业提出了新的要求,机械设计中的材料选择和应用是整个机械设计行业的基础。新的形势下在对材料进行选择和应用时,需要考虑的更加全面,不仅要保证选择的材料能够满足设计要求,而且还要注意环保和节能。文章围绕机械设计材料的选择和应用,通过分析现状,提出了机械设计中对材料选择和应用的一些策略,以期促进相关工作的有效开展。     

计算机网络技术应用分析

随着信息技术的发展,计算机网络技术应用的范围逐渐扩大,通过对计算机网络技术应用的分析,有助于加深对计算机网络技术的认识和了解,推动计算机网络技术蓬勃发展.文章首先对计算机网络技术应用的原则进行了分析,然后从网络系统、信息系统、虚拟技术和教学研究这四个领域分析了计算机网络技术的应用.     

植保无人机组装应用实践研究

随着我国现阶段农业科学技术的发展,高科技的农机装备逐渐应用在农业生产中,无人机在农业领域的应用越来越广泛,对农用植保无人机的研究也越来越深入,许多研究学者在无人机植保方面的研究成果,给植保无人机的应用带来了较好的参考依据,为了进一步研究植保无人机的应用和发展现状,对植保无人机的组装和应用进行了研究,研究结果为植保无人机的应用提供参考依据。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。