大豆辐射育种的某些研究

自1993年以来，对大豆品种杂交后代进行辐射处理，并进行了选择。研究结果证明，大豆种子经辐射处理可改变其熟期，品质，抗性和丰产性。已先出41个大豆突变系，其中中作965在河南，甘肃等地试验，增产突出，且中抗孢囊线虫病，还有些突变系具有高蛋白和高脂肪特性。     

日本茶树遗传育种研究

本文介绍了日本茶树遗传育种研究的发展过程。日本茶树育种的发展,主要得益于海外茶树品种资源的引进和利用,茶树育种的目标,早期注重红茶品种选育,随后以绿茶品种选育为主,进入８０年代后期,又侧重于多抗品种的培育,优良无性系茶树品种的推广,促进了茶叶产量的提高,同时加快了茶叶加工和茶园机械化的发展,提高了茶叶生产的效益。茶树品种音一化和遗传育种资源不足是日本茶树育种研究存在的主要问题,海外茶的品种资源的收     

茶树遗传育种研究最新进展

本文重点总结了2010年国内外茶树遗传育种研究的进展,包括茶树育种资源研究、基因克隆与分子育种、茶树品种化学成分与适制性研究、茶树品种生理和抗性育种、茶树品种繁育与栽培以及茶树新品种选育等方面取得的研究成果。     

Starch accumulation in the microspores of a solanum species and possible implications in mutation breeding

Waxy-like microspores have been observed during the specific period of starch accumulation in developing buds ofSolanum verrucosum. It is considered that appropriate mutagenic treatment of meiotic buds might perhaps increase the frequency of these waxy-like microspores to such a high proportion that the mutation could be transmitted to the next generation. Should such be the case it would become possible to test the double hypothesis that the waxy-like mutants are really amylose-free and that the waxy character can also express itself in the tubers.     

棉花地膜覆盖和育苗移栽的比较研究

本文比较了棉花地膜覆盖和育苗移栽两项栽培技术的差别，结果表明：地膜覆盖的棉花表现铃大、衣分高、单株结铃多、产量高．且生育期短、营养生长旺盛、马克隆值低、纤维短；而育苗移栽的棒花子指大、出苗快、纤维长。因此，可以根据不同的种植制度和对棉花不同需求．选用不同的栽培技术。     

A new source of haploid germplasm for genetic and breeding research

Haploids were obtained from six tetraploid clones that were selected based upon either high or low specific gravity and low glucose accumulation during storage. Atlantic, Redsen, Red Pontiac, W 710, W 760 and W 842 had frequencies of 20.2, 13.9, 3.8, 6.3, 9.8 and 9.3 haploids/100 fruit, respectively. A total of 702 haploids was produced from: Atlantic (470), Redsen (54), Red Pontiac (2), W 710 (1), W 760 (134) and W 842 (11).     

Development of amylose-free (amf) monoploid potatoes as new basic material for mutation breeding in vitro

Summary For the induction and selection of double mutants with altered starch composition, a uniform (homohistont) amylose-free (amf) monoploid as basic plant is of vital importance. Therefore, newamf monoploids had to be developed via prickle pollination. And 26 monoploids were obtained which were screened in vitro for vigour, leaf size and for the percentage of monoploid cells. The number of monoploid cells was underestimated at about 28%. Seven vigorous monoploids were tested in vitro for tuberization capacity, which varied from 0 to 100%. After regeneration in vitro, 0 to 3.7 adventitious shoots per leaf explant were formed. The tuberization capacity of these shoots varied from 0 to 48. Twoamf monoploids were selected which were vigorous and tuberized well in vitro. They are the basis for the application of an in vitro mutation breeding protocol that should lead to the induction and selection of new starch mutants in potato.     

作物光敏核不育研究现状及其在甜菜育种上的应用展望

本文对作物的光敏核不育现象（Ｐｈｏｔｏｐｅｒｉｏｄ－ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ Ｇｅｎｉｃ Ｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｅ）进行了概述,总结了作物光敏核不育的研究动态及利用现状,并对甜菜光敏核不育现象的研究进行了前瞻性探讨。作者认为,借鉴水稻等作物光敏核不育研究的经验和方法,对甜菜特异的随光长而变化的雄性不育性进行系统研究,明确其基理,将会给今后甜菜育种带来一次深刻的变革。     

杂交大豆育种方法和制种技术的实践与研究

本文详细阐述了杂交大豆“三系”选育、杂交种选育、制种技术等内容,“三系”的选育采用已育成的品种或品系与RN型稳定的大豆不育系进行测交和回交转育进行选育,大豆杂交种是利用不育系和恢复系进行大规模配制杂交组合,经过F1产量鉴定,筛选出强优势组合,而制种要求选择干旱少雨、日照充足、有灌溉条件、野生昆虫种类多、群体大的地区。     

茶树营养遗传育种学发展前景

植物营养遗传育种学是20世纪后期发展起来的一门新兴交叉学科，它以挖掘植物自身遗传潜力，实现资源节约高效利用为目标，综合植物营养学、植物生理生化、植物遗传育种、生态学和现代生物技术……     

水稻超高产育种研究概况及若干问题讨论

阐述了水稻超高产育种现阶段的概况,并对存在的若干问题进行了分析,提出了水稻超高产育种实践中应掌握的主要指标。     

俄罗斯的油菜育种

俄罗斯的油菜育种工作开展较早，育成品种较多。主要介绍了俄罗斯在油菜双低育种、黄籽育种、低纤维育种、抗寒育种、芥菜型油菜芳香油育种等方面的成果与进展，并对俄罗斯油料作物研究所育成的部分品种进行了介绍。