酶固定化技术的应用

固定化酶便于运输和贮存,有利于自动化生产,是近年发展起来的酶应用技术。介绍了酶固定化技术的应用,包括传统酶固定化技术的应用、利用不同载体材料的酶固定化技术的应用、利用不同载体材料改性后的酶固定化技术的应用以及新型酶固定化技术的应用。     

益生菌在水产养殖生产中的应用

本文以益生菌在水产养殖生产中的应用为主要内容,结合益生菌在水产养殖中的应用现状分析和益生菌在水产养殖应用中出现的问题以及应用对策为主要依据,从鱼类养殖、虾蟹养殖和贝类养殖中的应用,以及益生菌在水产养殖应用中存在的问题、解决对策几方面进行深入探讨和分析,其目的在于加强益生菌在水产养殖中的应用价值,为相关研究提供参考依据。     

国外个人数字图书馆的发展趋势之我见

本文从移动设备应用、数字资源内容扩张、P2P应用、基于联想的方法技术应用、情景和事件驱动技术应用五个方面展望了个人数字图书馆的发展趋势。     

电网企业应用集成的研究与应用

国家电网SG186工程重点提出了应用集成这一部分的重要性。本文对十一五期间国家电网应用集成取得的进展进行了简单回顾，分析了基于SOA的应用集成架构、项目实施方案，并对应用集成项目组织架构、电网企业应用集成规划与应用作出了简单的探究。应用集成对实现电网企业信息共享，发展企业业务，实现业务融合具有非常重要的作用。     

镀铬在反应堆结构中的应用研究

镀铬层具有很高的硬度、耐磨性和耐热性,化学性能稳定,在反应堆结构中具有很高应用价值。本文针对镀铬在反应堆内的应用,分析了镀铬的应用安全性,归纳总结了镀铬的应用形式,给出了镀铬在应用前应做的性能检验及检验方法。结果表明,镀铬在反应堆中的应用是安全的,可以在反应堆的结构中推广应用。     

发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中的应用

本文通过对发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中应用的主要作用入手分析,然后从养猪方面的应用、反刍动物方面的应用、家禽方面的应用、水产中的应用等方面进行具体分析,系统阐述发酵饲料在畜禽日粮中的主要应用,并提出目前我国发酵饲料存在添加量无法有效控制、没有统一生产技术标准等问题,需要进一步得到改善的建议。     

警犬在林业公安工作中的应用

随着我国各类自然生态保护区的相继建立,警犬在林业公安工作中的应用必将越来越受到重视。为此,对警犬在林业公安工作中的应用犬种、应用形式及应用要点,进行相应的探讨与研究就显得十分必要。     

抗菌肽在动物生产中的应用

近年来,抗菌肽在动物生产中应用广泛。本文综述了抗菌肽的生物活性、抗菌肽在动物生产中的应用现状,并探讨了抗菌肽应用中存在的问题及应用前景。     

蚯蚓应用价值的研究进展

蚯蚓作为一种最常见的软体动物,它普遍存在于自然界中.为了探究蚯蚓的应用价值,本文主要从自身的营养价值、蚯蚓作为动物性饲料、蚯蚓在医药保健方面的应用、蚯蚓在食品方面的应用、蚯蚓在环保方面的应用、蚯蚓粪的应用价值等方面对蚯蚓的应用价值进行综述,为进一步利用与开发新型蚯蚓价值提供了一定的理论依据.     

腹腔镜技术在小动物中的应用

腹腔镜手术具有术中腹腔脏器显露充分、对施术动物损伤小、手术切口小、出血量少、术后痛苦轻、恢复快和组织粘连少等优点。腹腔镜技术从20世纪80年代就普遍应用于人医临床,在兽医领域国外早就有腹腔镜技术在动物中应用的报道,而国内腹腔镜技术在动物上的应用则相对较少。腹腔镜技术在小动物中的应用主要包括在活组织检查中的应用、在消化系统中的应用,在泌尿系统中的应用及在生殖系统中的应用。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …