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1.
陈辉 《猪业科学》2019,36(10):18-21
为研究屠宰体重对猪肉品质、风味物质以及感官品质的影响,选择120头175—185日龄杂交育肥猪为研究对象。最终根据屠宰体重将每组(n=36)杂交猪分为轻重(LW:100 kg)组、中重(MW:110 kg)组以及高重(HW:120 kg)组。杂交猪屠宰后采集背最长肌分析猪肉品质指标、风味物质指标以及感官指标。结果表明:HW组肌肉中脂肪含量和系水力显著高于LW和MW组(P 0.05);HW组肌肉多数不饱和脂肪酸以及总不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于LW组(P 0.05);屠宰体重对肌肉中11种风味物质的含量具有显著影响(P 0.05),且HW组中肌肉中脂肪酸氧化衍生物的风味物质(醛类)含量显著高于其他组(P 0.05);相关性分析表明屠宰体重的增加与更高的风味物质含量、多汁性以及可接受性感官评分显著相关(P 0.05)。综合上述结果,该研究建议在不影响猪肉品质的前提下将120 kg作为商品猪的适宜屠宰体重。  相似文献   

2.
本试验旨在探讨饲料维生素E含量对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)生长性能、血清生化指标和肌肉品质的影响。选择平均初重为(0.243±0.003) g的健康罗氏沼虾幼虾750尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。各组分别投喂维生素E含量为0.6(对照)、103.4、207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg的5种等氮等能饲料。试验期62 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,103.4、207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg组的增重率和特定生长率显著增加(P0.05),631.7 mg/kg组的肥满度显著升高(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性和总胆固醇含量显著降低(P0.05); 207.1 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和总胆固醇含量显著降低(P0.05); 631.7 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05),血清甘油三酯含量显著增加(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的肌肉含肉率显著增加(P0.05),肌肉滴水损失显著减少(P0.05); 207.1 mg/kg组的肌肉含肉率显著增加(P0.05),肌肉蒸煮损失显著减少(P0.05); 631.7 mg/kg组的肌肉丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05); 207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg组的肌肉维生素E含量显著升高(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的肌肉弹性显著提高(P0.05); 207.1和412.9 mg/kg组的肌肉硬度、内聚性、耐咀性和胶黏性显著降低(P0.05); 412.9 mg/kg组的肌肉嫩度显著提高(P0.05)。经折线模型分析,以特定生长率、肌肉蒸煮损失为指标,得到罗氏沼虾饲料维生素E适宜含量分别为169.38、218.66 mg/kg。由此可知,饲料中添加169.38~218.66 mg/kg维生素E可促进罗氏沼虾生长,调节代谢,增强免疫,并有效改善肌肉品质。  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究不同油脂(大豆油和鱼油)来源日粮添加不同水平的维生素E对番鸭生长和屠宰性能以及胸肌脂肪酸组成的影响。选择120只1日龄的雌性番鸭随机分为4个处理组,试验基础日粮维生素E水平为20 mg/kg,其中两个处理组分别添加20 g/kg的鱼油和大豆油,另外两个处理组在油脂日粮的基础上分别添加200 mg/kg维生素E,试验分为两个阶段,1~42 d和43~66 d,测定试验期间番鸭的体重、日增重和料比以及屠宰性能和胸肌脂肪酸组成。结果显示:日粮各处理对番鸭生长和屠宰性能均无显著影响(P> 0.05),同时对胸肌成分及屠宰24 h后pH值无显著影响(P> 0.05)。肌肉储存1和7 d后,高水平维生素E均显著降低了丙二醛含量(P <0.05)。鱼油组较大豆油组显著提高了胸肌二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸比例(P <0.05),同时n-6脂肪酸比例显著降低(P <0.05),n-3脂肪酸比例显著升高(P <0.05),导致n-6/n-3显著降低(P <0.05)。结论:本试验条件下,番鸭与其他家禽品种一样,饲粮中脂肪酸成分的变化对其肌肉脂肪酸组成有显著的影响。此外,日粮添加的维生素E水平超过生理需要水平时可以延长肉的货架期。  相似文献   

4.
欧拉型藏羊的肉质分析   总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6  
对欧拉型藏羊肉质品质进行了分析,并与高原型藏羊和青海半细毛羊进行了肉质常规营养和氨基酸含量分析对比,结果表明欧拉型藏羊蛋白质含量达21%,脂肪含量3.15%,胆固醇含量为0.365mg/g,挥发性盐基氮0.1126mg/g,矿物质总量6785mg/kg,氨基酸总量224.835mg/g。欧拉型藏羊与高原型藏羊和青海半细毛羊相比,羊肉具有高能量、高蛋白质、矿物质丰富,低脂肪、低胆固醇的特点,且氨基酸含量更为丰富。  相似文献   

5.
为了探讨饲料维生素E添加水平对团头鲂生长性能及血液和肌肉理化指标的影响,本试验挑选360尾健康、平均体重为(45.00±1.50)g的团头鲂,随机分为6组(每组4个重复,每个重复15尾),分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg维生素E的等氮等能试验饲料,试验期为90 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组的增重率和特定生长率均显著提高(P<0.05);25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组的摄食率显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性以及甘油三酯含量均显著降低(P<0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05);100.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性显著增加(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉中粗蛋白质含量显著增加(P<0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉的熟肉率显著提高(P<0.05);25.0、50.0和100.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉的滴水损失率显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲料中添加25.0~200.0 mg/kg维生素E可在一定程度上促进团头鲂生长,改善肉质。以增重率为评价指标,经回归方程预测团头鲂饲料中维生素E的适宜添加水平为138.5 mg/kg。  相似文献   

6.
为了探讨饲料维生素E添加水平对团头鲂生长性能及血液和肌肉理化指标的影响,本试验挑选360尾健康、平均体重为(45.00±1.50)g的团头鲂,随机分为6组(每组4个重复,每个重复15尾),分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg维生素E的等氮等能试验饲料,试验期为90 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组的增重率和特定生长率均显著提高(P<0.05);25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组的摄食率显著提高(P<0.05).2)与对照组相比,12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0mg/kg添加组血浆中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性以及甘油三酯含量均显著降低(P <0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中总胆固醇含量显著降低(P <0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05);100.0 mg/kg添加组血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性显著增加(P<0.05).3)与对照组相比,25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉中粗蛋白质含量显著增加(P<0.05);12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0和200.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉的熟肉率显著提高(P<0.05);25.0、50.0和100.0 mg/kg添加组肌肉的滴水损失率显著降低(P<0.05).由此可知,饲料中添加25.0 ~200.0mg/kg维生素E可在一定程度上促进团头鲂生长,改善肉质.以增重率为评价指标,经回归方程预测团头鲂饲料中维生素E的适宜添加水平为138.5mg/kg.  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在研究饲料中不同水平的维生素E对细鳞鲑幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和机体维生素E积累量的影响,并确定细鳞鲑幼鱼对饲料中维生素E的需求量。选取初均质量为(40.2±3.6)g的细鳞鲑幼鱼270尾,随机分成6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复15尾。各组分别投喂不同维生素E水平(实测值分别为16.6、64.9、165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.7 mg/kg)的6种等氮等能的试验饲料。试验期120 d。结果表明:1)细鳞鲑的末均质量(FW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均随着饲料维生素E水平的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势,165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的FW显著高于其他各组(P0.05),165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的WGR和SGR显著高于16.6和1 214.7 mg/kg组(P0.05)。各组间细鳞鲑的摄食率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率没有显著差异(P0.05)。2)随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,血清甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量均呈逐渐降低的趋势,且615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,且165.5 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组(P0.05),64.9和316.2 mg/kg组显著高于16.6、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组(P0.05);而血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量与HDL-C含量呈相反的趋势,且165.5和316.2 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性没有显著差异(P0.05)。3)随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,细鳞鲑肝脏维生素E积累量除615.5与1 214.5 mg/kg组间无显著差异(P0.05)外,呈显著升高的趋势(P0.05);肌肉维生素E积累量也呈升高的趋势,在饲料维生素E水平大于165.5 mg/kg时恒定在一个水平,且165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组肌肉维生素E沉积量显著高于16.6和64.9 mg/kg组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加适宜水平的维生素E可以改善细鳞鲑的生长性能和血清生化指标,增加肝脏和肌肉维生素E积累量。以增重率和肌肉维生素E积累量为评价指标,根据折线模型得出,细鳞鲑对饲料中维生素E的需求量分别为145.87和180.98 mg/kg。  相似文献   

8.
本试验对全舍饲、放牧+补饲条件下12月龄龙陵黄山羊背最长肌的常规营养成分和氨基酸含量进行了测定分析。研究结果表明:(1)龙陵黄山羊全舍饲组羊肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分分别为69.35%、18.84%、7.88%和1.20%;放牧+补饲组羊肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分分别为69.93%、19.20%、8.87%和1.26%。(2)全舍饲组和放牧+补饲组羊肉均含有丰富的矿物质和维生素,胆固醇含量低。(3)氨基酸种类含量丰富,全舍饲组和放牧+补饲组17种氨基酸总含量分别为24.12 g/100 g和25.76 g/100 g;鲜味氨基酸的含量丰富,全舍饲组和放牧+补饲组羊肉鲜味氨基酸分别占总氨基酸含量的52.86%和39.83%。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加维生素E和酵母硒对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响,为生产高档功能性兔肉提供理论参考。选用35日龄、体重相近的断奶闽西南黑兔160只,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复4只。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,不额外添加维生素E和酵母硒;Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg维生素E、0.15 mg/kg硒和100 mg/kg维生素E+0.15 mg/kg硒。预试期5 d,正试期70 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加维生素E和酵母硒对肉兔生长性能和屠宰性能均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)Ⅳ组的肌肉肉色红度(a*)值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组的肌肉肉色黄度(b*)值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组肌肉中α-生育酚含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肌肉中铜和锰含量显著低于对照组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肌肉中硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高...  相似文献   

10.
文章对多浪羊初乳及常乳营养成分进行了分析.结果表明:多浪羊羊奶营养丰富,常乳中蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖、铁、锌、钙、磷、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E的含量分别为5.79%、6.40%、4.56%、0.36 mg/100g、6.7 mg/100g、195.86 mg/100g、146.0 mg/100g、0.043 mg/100g、0.214 mg/100g.初乳中蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖、铁、锌、钙、磷、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E的含量分别为常乳的3.6、2.0、0.4、2.6、7.0、1.1、3.0、17.9、13.5倍.氨基酸含量丰富,富含人体所需的必需氨基酸.  相似文献   

11.
The objective of this study was to examine the intralitter variation in postnatal growth performance, meat quality, and muscle fiber characteristics when littermates were categorized by carcass weight. Thirty-nine litters were weaned at 4 wk of age and had free access to feed from 2 wk of age until slaughter. They were slaughtered by litter at an average BW of 104 +/- 14 kg, and six pigs per litter were selected for analysis: the heaviest- (HW), middle- (MW), and lightest-weight (LW) pig of each sex. Categorizing littermates in LW, MW, and HW pigs at the same age reflected the differences in postnatal growth rate within a litter; thus ADG, muscle mass, and muscle deposition rate differed across pig weight groups (P < 0.001). Also, the total DNA content was different among pig weight groups (P < 0.001) and reflected differences in muscle growth rate. The difference in muscle growth rate between LW and MW pigs could be explained by a larger (P < 0.05) mean fiber area (MFA) in MW pigs, whereas the number of muscle fibers was similar. Growth rate differences between MW and HW pigs could in part be explained by a higher number (P < 0.01) of equal-sized muscle fibers in HW pigs. The difference in MFA was due to a higher estimated DNA and RNA content per muscle fiber in MW and HW compared with LW pigs (P < 0.05). Pigment content was higher in MW and HW compared with LW pigs (P < 0.01), but no other measured meat quality traits were significantly different across pig weight groups. These results indicate that both the number and the growth rate of muscle fibers contribute to intralitter variation in postnatal growth performance.  相似文献   

12.
The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between birth-weight-associated modifications in histological or chemical muscle characteristics and meat quality traits in pigs. At 68 d of age, Pietrain x (Large White x Landrace) female littermates were allocated into 2 groups on the basis of low birth weight (LW = 1.05 +/- 0.04 kg; n = 15) or high birth weight (HW = 1.89 +/- 0.02 kg; n = 15). Pigs were reared in individual pens with free access to a standard diet up to slaughter at approximately 112 kg of BW. During the growing-finishing period, LW and HW pigs had a similar daily feed consumption, whereas G:F was lower (P = 0.009) for LW pigs than for HW littermates. At final BW, LW pigs were 12 d older (P < 0.001) than HW littermates. Estimated lean meat content, relative proportions of loin and ham in the carcass, and weights of LM and semitendinosus muscle (SM) were decreased (P < 0.05) in LW pigs compared with HW pigs. Conversely, the LW pigs exhibited a fatter carcass, greater activity levels of fatty acid synthase and malic enzyme in backfat (n = 15 per group), and enlarged subcutaneous adipocytes (n = 8 per group) compared with the HW pigs. Similarly, lipid content was increased by 25% (P = 0.009), and mean adipocyte diameter was 12% greater (P = 0.008) in the SM from LW pigs compared with that from HW pigs, whereas lipid content did not vary in the LM of either group. Mean myofiber cross-sectional areas were 14% greater in the LM (P = 0.045) and the SM (P = 0.062) of LW pigs than of HW pigs. Conversely, the total number of myofibers was less (P = 0.003) in the SM of LW vs. HW pigs. There were no differences between groups for glycolytic potential at slaughter and rate and extent of postmortem pH decline in both muscles, as well as for LM drip losses. A trained sensory test panel judged the roast loin meat to be less tender (P = 0.002) in LW pigs relative to HW pigs. Scores for juiciness, flavor, flouriness, and fibrousness of meat did not differ between groups. Overall, negative but somewhat low correlation coefficients were found between LM tenderness score and ultimate pH (r = -0.36; P = 0.06) and between LM tenderness and mean cross-sectional area of myofibers (r = -0.34; P = 0.07). This study demonstrates a lower tenderness of meat from pigs that had a LW, partly as a result of their enlarged myofibers at market weight.  相似文献   

13.
为研究不同屠宰体重对江口萝卜猪胴体性状、肉品质、氨基酸及脂肪酸的影响,本研究选取60、70、80、90、100、110 kg各6头江口萝卜猪测定了其不同体重阶段的胴体品质和肉质特性,以分析其胴体性状、肉品质及肌肉营养成分随体重的变化规律。结果显示,江口萝卜猪在体重达80 kg之前,其屠宰率、眼肌面积随体重的增加增长较快,氨基酸的含量增加明显,80 kg时肌肉中含有丰富的脂肪酸种类,其中油酸、亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸含量较高。江口萝卜猪在体重达90 kg之后脂肪过多沉积,各体重组赖氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸等必需氨基酸的含量呈显著或极显著差异(P<0.05;P<0.01)。总体上看,江口萝卜猪在体重达80 kg左右时其胴体性状及肉质性能较好,肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量丰富,且具有理想的氨基酸和脂肪酸构成,尤其是必需氨基酸及鲜味氨基酸含量高,不饱和脂肪酸及饱和脂肪酸构成比例适宜。因此,综合各项测定指标江口萝卜猪在体重达80 kg左右屠宰较优。  相似文献   

14.
本研究旨在研究日粮添加水果提取物对羔羊生长和屠宰性能、组织器官抗氧化及肉品质的影响.试验将60只体重接近的羔羊随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复5只.在为期4周的饲养期间,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组饲喂基础日粮+150?mg/kg水果提取物.结果:粮添加150?mg/kg水果提取物对羔羊屠宰率、热胴体重、冷胴体重、内...  相似文献   

15.
Isonitrogenous amounts of two protein sources differing in rumen degradation rate and in lipid composition were fed to sheep with or without a rapidly fermentable cereal grain. The effects on intake, carcass leanness, and muscle fatty acid (FA) composition were examined. Thirty-eight crossbred wether lambs (9 mo, 35 to 48 kg) were allocated by stratified randomization to six treatment groups: 1) basal diet of alfalfa hay:oat hay (20:80) ad libitum = basal; 2) basal + lupin (358 g DM/d) = lupin; 3) basal + fish meal (168 g DM/d) = fish meal; 4) basal + barley (358 g DM/d) = barley; 5) basal + barley + lupin (179 + 179 g DM/d) = barley/lupin; or 6) basal + barley + fish meal (179 + 84 g DM/d) = barley/ fish meal. Lambs were fed individually. Dietary treatments were imposed for 8 wk, and the supplements were offered at 2-d intervals. Daily feed intake and weekly BW of lambs were recorded. At the end of the feeding period lambs were slaughtered after an overnight fast. Hot carcass weight (HCW) and fat depth (GR; total fat and muscle tissue depth at 12th rib, 110 mm from midline) were recorded. At 24 h postmortem samples of longissimus thoracis (LT) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles were taken from chilled (4 degrees C) carcasses for the assessment of FA composition and meat tenderness, respectively. Lambs fed lupin or fish meal with or without barley had heavier slaughter weights (P < 0.004) and HCW (P < 0.001) than lambs fed basal or barley when initial BW was included as a covariate. The lupin diet also resulted in heavier carcasses (P < 0.05) than the fish meal or barley/fish meal diets. With GR as an indicator, fish meal and barley/ fish meal diets produced leaner carcasses (P < 0.01) than lupin and barley/lupin lambs. Long-chain n-3 FA content [20:5n-3 (P < 0.001), 22:5n-3 (P < 0.003), and 22:6n-3 (P < 0.001)] in the LT muscle were substantially higher with the fish meal and barley/fish meal diets, whereas muscle total n-6 FA was increased (P < 0.003) by lupin and barley/lupin compared with all other diets. Thus, increased muscle long-chain n-3 FA content occurred without an increase in fatness measured as GR, whereas increased muscle n-6 FA content was associated with an increase in carcass fatness. Under these circumstances, a reduction in carcass fatness had no effect on meat tenderness measured as Warner-Bratzler shear force.  相似文献   

16.
本试验旨在研究不同营养水平及酵母硒对胴体性状和肉质指标的影响。选取体况良好、体重为(70.30±1.30)kg的烟台黑猪48头,公、母各半,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理组4个重复,每个重复3头。Ⅰ组饲喂低营养水平日粮(消化能11.19 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质12.28%),Ⅱ组饲喂低营养水平+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒日粮,Ⅲ组饲喂高营养水平日粮(消化能13.11 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质14.73%),Ⅳ组饲喂高营养水平+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒日粮。试验预试期为7 d,正试期为105 d。结果表明:与低营养水平组相比,高营养水平能够极显著提高烟台黑猪的胴体重(P0.01),显著提高眼肌面积和瘦肉率(P0.05);营养水平和酵母硒对烟台黑猪的肉质性状影响均不显著(P0.05),其中高营养水平有提高其肌内脂肪及肌肉风味氨基酸含量的趋势(P0.05);与未添加酵母硒组相比,添加酵母硒能够显著提高肌肉中油酸含量(P0.05),有提高其肌肉中亚油酸含量的趋势(P0.05),能够极显著提高其肌肉中硒元素含量(P0.01);营养水平和酵母硒对屠宰性能、胴体性能、肉品质等无互作效应(P0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,高营养水平能够提高烟台黑猪肌内脂肪及风味氨基酸的含量;酵母硒有利于提高烟台黑猪肌肉中油酸含量,有提高亚油酸含量的趋势。  相似文献   

17.
采用反相高效液相色谱法测定了7头麦洼牦牛后腿肌肉中游离氨基酸的含量。在牦牛肉中检测到16种游离的标准氨基酸,总含量为532.34±86.74 mg/100 g,其中含量最高的游离氨基酸为精氨酸,其次为组氨酸,这两种氨基酸约占游离氨基酸总量的75%。  相似文献   

18.
A growth experiment with 108 lambs (breed German Merino Landsheep) was carried out in order to examine how gender, body weight and feeding intensity affect trace element concentrations in tissues and carcass. The lambs (50% male and 50% female) were fattened at three levels of feeding intensity ('low', 'medium' and 'high' by varying daily amounts of concentrate and hay) and slaughtered at different final body weights (30, 45 or 55 kg). Six male and six female animals were sacrificed at 18 kg live weight at the beginning of the comparative slaughter experiment. The left half carcass of each animal was divided into muscle tissue, fat tissue as well as bones and sinews and analysed for the trace elements copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) as well as zinc (Zn). The body weight level influenced the Zn concentrations significantly in all tissues. In addition, the Fe concentration in the fat tissue was influenced by the body weight as well as the Cu content in the bone tissue. An influence due to gender could be seen for the Zn concentration in the muscle and fat tissue and for the Fe content in the fat and bone tissue as well as for the Cu concentration in the bones. The feeding intensity affected the Cu content in the muscle and bone tissue and also the Zn content in the muscle tissue. In the present study with lambs at body weight range from 18 to 55 kg on an average, 127 mg Fe, 87 mg Zn, 1.5 mg Cu as well as 1.1 mg Mn per kilogram dry matter were found in the bone tissue. In lamb muscle tissue combined from all parts (body weight range from 18 to 45 kg, both genders) the highest concentrations were for Zn and Fe [3.42 and 1.31 mg/100 g meat (wet weight basis)], while Cu remained far below these levels (0.08 mg/100 g meat and Mn was even below the detection limit of 0.025 mg/kg). Lamb muscle is a valuable source for highly available haem-Fe as well as for Zn and Cu in human nutrition.  相似文献   

19.
选择60头长白×大蒲莲猪杂种商品猪,研究其生长肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质特性。结果表明,60头试验猪35~100kg阶段平均日增重688.39g,料重比2.79。4头屠宰测定,宰前重95.25kg,胴体瘦肉率60.22%;肉质优良,肉色和大理石纹评分分别为3.45、3.33,pH为6.38,滴水损失较低为1.57%,剪切力较小为46.80N,肌内脂肪含量较高为3.78%。每100g背最长肌中氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量分别为22.09g、17.11g、9.14g,鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例和必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例分别为77.45%和41.35%,肌肉营养价值较高。背最长肌的棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸含量分别为24.90%、12.53%、44.58%和8.18%。  相似文献   

20.
本试验旨在研究饲粮维生素E水平对43 ~ 63日龄黄羽肉鸡肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响.选用1 440只43日龄岭南黄羽肉公鸡,采用单因子随机分组试验设计,共设6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复40只鸡.试验采用玉米淀粉-豆粕型基础饲粮,各处理饲粮营养水平除维生素E水平不同外,其他均相同.空白对照组饲喂未添加维生素E的基础饲粮,其余各处理饲粮中分别添加5、10、20、40、80 mg/kg维生素E.试验期21 d,试鸡地面平养,自由采食颗粒料和自由饮水.结果表明:1)饲粮中维生素E添加水平对试鸡生长性能和胴体品质无显著性影响(P>0.05).2)胸肌肉色的L*、a*、b *值和肌肉嫩度也未受饲粮维生素E添加水平显著影响(P>0.05).添加各水平维生素E均显著提高了宰后45 min胸肌pH(P <0.05),添加5、10、40、80 mg/kg维生素E均显著提高了宰后24 h胸肌pH(P <0.05).添加20、40 mg/kg维生素E显著降低了宰后45 min胸肌滴水损失,添加5、10、40、80 mg/kg维生素E显著降低了宰后48 h胸肌滴水损失(P<0.05).3)饲粮中添加不同水平维生素E对试鸡血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性无显著性影响(P>0.05),添加10、20 mg/kg维生素E使试鸡血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性分别比对照组提高了27.51%、30.57%(P<0.05).添加各水平维生素E均使试鸡肝脏中GSH-Px活性显著提高(P<0.05),添加20、40、80 mg/kg维生素E均显著降低了肝脏中MDA含量(P<0.05),显著提高了肝脏中α-生育酚含量和肌肉中T-SOD活性(P<0.05).以上试验结果提示,饲粮中添加维生素E可提高43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡机体抗氧化功能,改善肉品质,且添加20 mg/kg效果较好.  相似文献   

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