国审高油大豆新品种吉育508

吉育508是高产、高油、适应性广新品种。2011年区域试验平均产量3 015.7公斤/公顷,比对照品种平均增产0.2%;2012年区域试验平均产量3 287.2公斤/公顷,比对照品种平均增产2.3%。2013年生产试验平均产量3 183.4公斤/公顷,较对照品种吉育72平均增产5.5%。2015年1月通过农业部国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

小粒高油大豆新品种吉育115的选育

吉育115是由吉林省农业科学院以系谱法选育的新品种。主要特点是早熟、秆强、高抗花叶病毒、小粒、脂肪含量高,适合生产豆芽和加工纳豆。平均百粒重8.8克,脂肪含量22.43%。2018-2019年吉林省区域试验平均产量2 568.6公斤/公顷,较对照吉育105增产7.8%。2019年生产试验平均产量2 703.6公斤/公顷,较对照吉育105增产9.8%。该品种适宜在吉林省早熟区域种植。     

高产大豆新品种吉育481选育报告

吉育481具有高产、稳产、适应性广、增产潜力大的特点。2年区域试验平均产量3 314.1公斤/公顷,较对照增产66.1%。生产试验平均产量3 709.2公斤/公顷,较对照增产14%。吉育481籽粒脂肪含量21.28%,蛋白质含量38.54%,蛋脂合计59.82%,适于吉林省中熟区种植。     

芽菜用小粒大豆新品种吉育109的选育

大豆新品种吉育109是吉林省大豆研究中心育成的芽菜用大豆新品种。区域试验平均产量2 196.2公斤/公顷,较对照品种吉育105增产13.1%。生产试验平均产量2 318.2公斤/公顷,较对照品种吉育105增产14.3%。该品种为亚有限、百粒重12.8克,为芽菜用小粒大豆品种。抗逆性强、早熟、稳产,有广阔的推广前景。     

杂交大豆吉育611选育及栽培要点

吉育611是利用"三系"法选育的大豆杂交种,不育系为JLCMS147A,恢复系为JLR113。吉育611的主要特点是高产、稳产、适应性广、品质优。预备试验平均产量3 108.1公斤/公顷,较对照增产18.2%;2年区域试验平均产量3 765.9公斤/公顷,较对照增产10.7%。生产试验平均产量3 716.2公斤/公顷,较对照增产15.0%。通过人工接种鉴定,抗大豆花叶病毒1号株系、3号株系和混合株系;高抗大豆灰斑病。吉育611籽粒脂肪含量21.47%,蛋白质含量38.67%,蛋脂合计60.14%。该品种适宜吉林省和黑龙江省中早熟区种植。     

杂交大豆吉育610选育及栽培要点

吉育610是是利用"三系"法选育的大豆杂交种,不育系为JLCMS128A,,恢复系为JLR98。吉育610的主要特点是高产、稳产、适应性广。预备试验平均产量2 831.6公斤/公顷,比对照增产14.5%;两年区试平均产量2 596.6公斤/公顷,比对照增产18.7%。生产试验平均产量2 538.4公斤/公顷,比对照增产9.7%。通过人工接种鉴定,中抗大豆花叶病毒1号株系、3号株系和混合株系;高抗大豆灰斑病。吉育610籽粒脂肪含量21.15%,,蛋白质含量37.32%,,蛋脂合计58.47%。该品种适于吉林省早熟区种植。     

小粒大豆新品种吉育108的选育及栽培要点

大豆新品种吉育108为吉林省农业科学院大豆研究中心育成的适合做纳豆和芽豆的新品种。区域试验和生产试验表现抗逆性强、早熟、稳产,品质好。2013—2014年两年区域试验,平均产量2 142.1公斤/公顷,较对照品种吉育105增产10.4%。2014年生产试验,平均产量2 275.1公斤/公顷,较对照品种吉育105增产12.2%。适于吉林省东部山区有效积温2 100℃以上地区种植。2015年2月通过吉林省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

高产高抗大豆新品种吉育552的选育及栽培要点

文章介绍了大豆新品种吉育552,由吉林省农业科学院以系谱法选育。主要特点是高产、高抗花叶病毒病、抗逆性好。2016—2017年区域试验平均产量3 278.6公斤/公顷,较对照吉育72平均增产5.1%。2017年生产试验平均产量3 168.5公斤/公顷,较对照吉育72平均增产16.2%。属春大豆中晚熟品种,出苗至成熟126天。需≥10℃活动积温2 700℃以上。     

早熟高油高产大豆新品种吉育205的选育

吉育205系采用系谱法选育而成的春大豆早熟新品种。主要特点是早熟、高产、高油、抗倒伏、抗病。2013—2014年吉林省区域试验平均产量2 675.9公斤/公顷,比对照品种绥农28平均增产12.0%。2014年生产试验平均产量2 939.3公斤/公顷,较对照品种绥农28平均增产13.2%。适宜在吉林省早熟区中上等肥力土地种植。     

高产大豆新品种吉育206的选育及栽培技术要点

吉育206为国审高油品种,2013—2014年全国北方春大豆区域试验平均产量3 013.5公斤/公顷,较对照品种合交02-69平均增产0.5%。2015年参加全国北方春大豆生产试验,平均产量2 891.6公斤/公顷,较对照品种合交02-69平均增产2.3%。适宜在黑龙江省第一、二积温带,吉林省吉林、延边等北方春大豆中早熟区域种植。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.