一种玉米赤霉烯酮免疫磁珠分离富集试剂盒的研制

通过玉米赤霉烯酮与对苯二胺反应,制备出玉米赤霉烯酮免疫磁珠分离富集试剂盒,试剂盒对样品中玉米赤霉烯酮的捕获量为50ng/ml,与玉米赤霉烯酮结构或者功能相似的竞争药物:黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素M1、T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A、展青霉素等5种药物进行特异性反应时,均无交叉反应。     

基于免疫磁珠技术快速富集牛支原体方法的建立

为建立牛呼吸系统疾病主要病原-牛支原体的快速富集方法,试验采用PCR方法对牛支原体P48基因扩增,构建重组质粒pET32a(+)-P48。将重组质粒进行原核表达并进行纯化。将纯化的牛支原体P48蛋白作为免疫原与弗氏佐剂混合乳化免疫家兔,获得抗牛支原体P48蛋白的高免血清,同时对高免血清进行纯化。将纯化后多克隆抗体与NHS磁性微球进行耦联,制备免疫磁珠。对耦联缓冲液、抗体浓度进行优化。从富集牛支原体的时间、敏感性和特异性三方面对免疫磁珠进行评价。结果表明:成功地扩增出大小约1 407 bp的P48基因并表达出大小约62 ku的可溶性重组蛋白。制备的多克隆抗体的效价高达1∶64 000,且具有很高的特异性;抗体与磁珠耦联的最佳介质为2-吗啉乙磺酸;抗体质量浓度为200μg/mL与磁珠的耦联率最高;免疫磁珠在15 min之内就能够富集到牛支原体,且富集到浓度为1×10-3ccu/mL,具有良好的特异性。说明免疫磁珠技术能够快速富集牛支原体,为分离鉴定牛支原体提供一种新的可行性的方法。     

应用免疫磁珠纯化猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗粒的研究

为探讨应用免疫磁珠纯化猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗粒的可行性,利用猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗粒抗原特异性免疫磁珠,对经IPTG诱导表达的重组菌pET30a-Cap2d/Rosetta目的蛋白进行纯化,之后电镜观察纯化效果.结果显示,免疫磁珠可以特异性地结合猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗粒.结果表明,应用免疫磁珠纯化猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗...     

免疫磁珠富集法对牛源大肠杆菌O157∶H7分离鉴定的影响

为证明免疫磁珠吸附技术对牛源大肠杆菌 O157∶H7分离效率的影响,从新疆五家渠市、伊宁县、昌吉市3个牛场的采集18份粪样、162份肛拭子、10份饲料样、17份水样和36份胴体表面棉拭子样本,经EC肉汤增菌后,分别采用免疫磁珠富集后和直接进行SMAC和MUG试验进行选择性培养,然后对菌体rfbE基因和鞭毛fliC基因进行PCR检测,最后对疑似大肠杆菌 O157∶H7菌用生化试验进行符合性检测。结果2种方法分别从243份样品中分离到8株和4株大肠杆菌 O157∶H7,统计学分析该差异不显著。本试验结果表明,在实践中免疫磁珠吸附技术和普通方法相比虽然在统计学上差异不显著,但确实能够增加大肠杆菌O157∶H7的分离数量,这与以前的相关研究结果基本一致。     

基于免疫磁珠净化间接竞争酶联免疫吸附试验检测氟喹诺酮类药物

本研究旨在建立一种基于免疫磁珠进行分离、富集和净化前处理,检测鸡肉、鸡肝和鱼肉中氟喹诺酮类药物残留的间接竞争酶免疫吸附试验（indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,icELISA）的研究方法。通过对合成免疫磁珠及免疫磁珠净化过程中单克隆抗体添加量、偶联时间、缓冲液pH、抗原添加量、抗原捕获时间、温度及包被条件等进行优化,初步建立了基于免疫磁珠净化的icELISA检测方法。结果显示：1）在1 mg的磁珠中,沙拉沙星（sarafloxacin,SAR）单克隆抗体最佳偶联量为15 μg,偶联时间60 min,pH为4.4;2）最佳抗原添加量为1 ng·mL^-1,捕获时间40 min,缓冲液为0.01 mol·L^-1 PBS,IC₅₀为0.73 ng·mL^-1,线性范围为1.0~3.2 ng·mL^-1;3）氟喹诺酮类药物在鸡肉、鸡肝、鱼肉的检测限均不超过1.33、2.17、2.31 μg·kg^-1,回收率为76.83%~98.70%,批内变异系数批间变异系数均不超过15%,经验证,鸡肉样本检测结果与高效液相色谱法（HPLC）结果一致。结果表明,与传统仪器检测方法相比,该方法提高了检测氟喹诺酮类药物的简便性、选择性以及检测效率,为氟喹诺酮类药物的残留检测提供了新思路。     

沙门菌PhoN蛋白单克隆抗体及其免疫磁珠的制备

为制备针对沙门菌Pho N蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb),并以其制备沙门菌的免疫磁珠,本研究构建了重组原核表达质粒p Cold I-pho N和p GEX-6P-1-pho N,利用大肠杆菌系统表达并通过亲和层析纯化了鼠伤寒沙门菌重组蛋白His-Pho N和GST-Pho N,分别作为免疫原和筛选抗原,利用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,经间接ELISA方法筛选获得5株能稳定分泌Pho N蛋白MAb的杂交瘤细胞株,分别为8H2、11E5、4B2、8F2、3B2。采用亚类鉴定试剂盒、间接ELISA和western blot方法分别鉴定各MAb的亚型、效价及特异性结合沙门菌Pho N蛋白的能力,结果显示,5株MAb的亚型均为Ig G2a,测定其效价达1∶4 096 000以上,均能特异性结合His-PhoN和GST-Pho N,而不与His-OmpC、His-OmpF蛋白反应,表明MAb特异性较好。选取4B2 MAb进一步分析其对不同血清型沙门菌和非沙门菌的特异性,western blot结果显示4B2 MAb仅特异性识别不同血清型沙门菌,而不与大肠杆菌、志贺杆菌、空肠弯曲菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌反应;...     

单增李斯特菌单克隆抗体制备及免疫磁珠分离方法的建立

免疫磁珠技术操作简单、快速高效,目前已广泛应用于细菌的快速分离纯化等领域,本研究旨在建立一种捕获率高、特异性好的单增李斯特菌免疫磁珠分离方法。首先通过杂交瘤技术制备出8株抗单增李斯特菌单克隆抗体,效价均达到1∶1 024 000,且特异性较好。利用效价最高的腹水6-E6制备单增李斯特菌免疫磁珠,并对单增李斯特菌免疫磁珠最适条件进行优化,结果选择MEST(7.0)为偶联缓冲液、磁珠直径为750 nm、免疫磁珠添加量为0.4 mg、捕获时间45 min、单增李斯特菌含量在1×10⁴ CFU/mL时,免疫磁珠捕获率最高可达76.29%。在模拟牛奶样品中免疫磁珠特异性捕获率可达到67.71%。该分离方法可快速且特异地分离单增李斯特菌,操作简便,为快速分离食品中的单增李斯特菌并实现快速检测提供了技术支持。     

3种食源性细菌免疫磁珠联合ATP发光检测技术研究

沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是食品中常见的致病菌,在国内外常引起食源性疾病。为解决食源性疾病中的微生物检测问题,本研究将免疫磁珠技术和ATP发光技术联合用于食品微生物检测,选择沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌病和金黄色葡萄球菌为检测对象,建立快速检测这3种常见食源性病原菌的富集及检测新方法。该方法在显著缩短预增菌时间的条件下,通过免疫磁珠的富集作用获得与常规增菌时间同样的效果,样品中的微生物浓度增加了10倍,大大提高了样本检出率,缩短了检测周期。结果表明,本研究建立的免疫磁珠富集后联合ATP发光技术具有快速、敏感、特异和低廉的优点,可用于检测食品中沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌,具有较好的推广应用前景。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪、鸡可食性组织中喹嗯啉类兽药残留标示物

为检测猪、鸡可食性组织中喹噁啉类兽药残留标示物喹噁啉-2-羧酸(QCA)和3-甲基喹噁啉-2-羧酸(MQ-CA),建立了同时检测这2种残留标示物的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法.将样品碱水解,乙酸乙酯等液-液萃取,65℃氮气吹干,甲醇:0.5%甲酸水溶液(30:70)溶解,0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤后,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析.结果显示,猪、鸡可食性组织中喹噁啉类兽药残留标示物MQCA和QCA检测限为0.2～0034μg/kg和0.5～0.9μg/kg,定量限为0.5～0.61μg/kg和0.77～1.31μg/kg.相对回收率在90.07%～106.8%范围内,日内变异系数≤13.69%.日间变异系数≤15.43%.MQCA和QCA在2～100μg/kg范围内具有较好的线性关系(r~2>0.99).结果表明,本方法简单、灵敏度高.适用于猪、鸡可食性组织中喹噁啉类兽药残留标示物的定量检测.     

免疫磁珠法分离大肠杆菌O_(157):H_7及毒力基因的PCR检测

为了了解新疆不同牛场中大肠杆菌O157:H7的流行情况,对新疆乌鲁木齐、伊犁地区、塔城地区多个牛场采集的粪样及水样样本的检测,样品经EC肉汤增菌、免疫磁珠富集后,用SMAC平板和MUG培养基进行初步筛选,再用rfb E和fli C基因对筛选后的疑似大肠杆菌O157:H7菌株做PCR检测,同时结合生化试验的方法进行符合性检验。结果从新疆3个地区不同牛场的208份样品分离得到5株肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7,检出率为2.4%。其中粪样检出5株,检出率为2.4%;水样未检出。生化试验结果表明,5株分离出的大肠杆菌O157:H7菌株与国标规定的O157:H7特性相同。表明,部分被检牛场存在大肠杆菌O157:H7威胁,应该引起重视。     

Detection of Lawsonia intracellularis using immunomagnetic beads and ATP bioluminescence

Lawsonia intracellularis is an obligate intracellular pathogenic bacterium that causes proliferative enteropathy in various animals. The detection of L. intracellularis in clinical and environmental samples is necessary for the diagnosis of infection and epidemiological investigations. For the detection of L. intracellularis in fecal samples, we have developed an immunological method using immunomagnetic separation and ATP bioluminescence. Magnetic beads were coated with an anti-Lawsonia surface antigen (LsaA) antibody in order to capture the L. intracellularis in fecal samples from infected rabbits and the bacteria captured by the immunomagnetic beads were assayed by means of ATP bioluminescence. Our results showed that L. intracelluraris was detected by immunomagnetic separation of bacteria-holding magnetic beads and ATP-based bioluminescence, suggesting that our methods could be useful for the diagnosis of proliferative enteropathy.     

采用IMS-RT-PCR方法快速检测肉制品中大肠杆菌O157

建立免疫磁珠分离法(immunomagnetic separation,IMS)与实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,RT-PCR)技术相结合快速检测肉制品中肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)O157的方法。利用改良热酚-水法提取EHEC O157的O-特异性多糖(O-specific polysaccharides,O-SP)作为筛选抗原,制备抗EHEC O157 O-SP单克隆抗体。将PM 3-50纳米磁珠经3-乙基碳二亚胺(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)活化后,与抗EHEC O157 O-SP单克隆抗体结合,得到偶联量为150μg/mg的免疫磁珠。免疫磁珠的最高捕获量为13748.33 CFU/0.2 mg,在肉制品中特异性捕获的最低检测限为2.2 CFU/m L。根据EHEC 0157血清型的特异性基因rfb E(Gen Bank登录号:S83460)设计引物和荧光探针,将IMS与RT-PCR相结合进行检测EHEC O157。当肉制品中EHEC O157含量≥1 CFU/g(2.5 g样本),免疫磁珠能捕获,并通过EC肉汤培养基增殖3h后,RT-PCR即可成功检测,全程只需6-7 h。IMS-RT-PCR相结合的检测方法,在大大缩短了检测时间的基础上,再次降低了EHEC O157的检测限,在防范肉制品源性致病性EHEC O157传染方面具有重要意义。     

Isolation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 by immunomagnetic separation

In Denmark porcine pleuropneumonia is most frequently caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (60%). Isolation of A. pleuropneumoniae from nasal cavities or tonsils from carrier animals is complicated due to the mixed bacterial flora present. An immunomagnetic separation technique (IMS) using immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads((R))) was developed for isolation of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 from pure cultures and from heterogeneous suspensions. Different coating and washing procedures were evaluated in pure and mixed cultures using polyclonal (PAb) and monoclonal antibodies. The highest reisolation yield was achieved when the beads were coated with 1.5 microg PAb IgG/10(7) beads. After washing the beads for four times 9-24% of the bacteria could be reisolated depending on the amount of IgG attached to the beads and the number of beads used. The recovery was increased to 19-61% when only two washing steps were performed. The IMS was further evaluated using dilutions of A. pleuropneumoniae with added Pasteurella multocida (10(9) CFU/ml). After two washing steps 15% of the A. pleuropneumoniae cells and no P. multocida was reisolated. A detection limit of 10 CFU/ml was found in this heterogeneous suspension. No significant difference was observed when comparing the recovery of A. pleuropneumoniae from pure culture, from mixed cultures and from artificially inoculated tonsils. From 12 pigs inoculated with an aerosol of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 the bacterium could not be detected from the nasal cavity or tonsils by cultivation or PCR 6 weeks later. By using IMS A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 could be reisolated from the tonsils of three pigs. The IMS method represents a valuable tool for isolation of A. pleuropneumoniae from tissue samples.     

复合维生素中呋喃类违禁药物高效液相色谱检测方法研究

为了快速检测呋喃类违禁药物,本文研究了复合维生素中呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林和呋喃妥因3种呋喃类违禁药物的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法,建立了同时检测呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林和呋喃妥因的定性、定量方法.采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法,参考色谱条件:色谱柱为Alltech C18柱250mm×4.6mm(i.d.),5 μm;流动相为乙腈-水(28:72,V/V);流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为365 nm;柱温为室温;进样量为10 μL.结果表明,呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林和呋喃妥因的加样平均回收率分别为:96.1%、99.7%、99.9%;线性方程:呋喃唑酮y=4×109x+233505,相关系数R2=0.9993;呋喃西林y=5×109x+253168,相关系数R2=1;呋喃妥因y=5×109x+201638,相关系数R2=1.这表明,本实验建立的测定方法简便、灵敏、准确、快速、重现性好,可用于复合维生素中呋喃类违禁药物的定性和定量检测.     

The effect of furazolidone on the adrenal glands of the chicken

1. In the chicken, the weights of the adrenal and thyroid glands (as percentages of body weight) were selectively increased following administration of furazolidone (0.04 per cent w/w in the feed. 10 days).

2. The increase in the weight of the adrenal glands most probably represents hypertrophy of the cortex, as the amount of catecholamines in the glands was unaffected by furazolidone.

3. Furazolidone (0.04 per cent w/w, 10 days) produced a small reduction in the concentration of cholesterol in the adrenals. The concentration of ascorbic acid in the gland was unaffected by the drug.     

Some pharmacological and toxicological properties of furazolidone

The pharmacological and toxicological properties of furazolidone have been briefly reviewed. Among the most important pharmacological actions of furazolidone is the inhibition of mono- and diamine oxidase activities, which seem to depend, at least in some species, on the presence of the gut flora. The drug also seems to interfere with the utilization of thiamin, which is probably instrumental in the production of anorexia and loss of body weight of the treated animals. Furazolidone is known to induce a condition of cardiomyopathy in turkeys, which could be used as a model to study alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in man. The drug is most toxic to ruminants. The toxic signs observed were of nervous nature. Experiments are in progress in this laboratory to try to explain the mechanism(s) by which this toxicity is brought about. It is uncertain whether the use of furazolidone at the recommended therapeutic dose would result in drug residues in tissues of treated animals. This is a matter of public health importance as the drug has been shown to possess a carcinogenic activity. It is important that a simple and reliable method of identification and estimation of furazolidone residues be devised. More work is needed to elucidate the mode of action and biochemical effects caused by the drug in both the host and the infective organisms.     

Detection of Chlamydophila abortus in ovine milk by immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction

The present study was carried out to investigate the presence of Chlamydophila abortus, the causative agent of ovine enzootic abortion, in milk samples collected from sheep flocks with and without the history of abortion in Eastern Turkey by means of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) in conjunction with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total number of 201 milk samples collected from 10 flocks with abortion and four flocks without abortion were tested. In the analysis of the milk samples by IMS-PCR, correct amplification was obtained with three (1.5%) samples originating from one flock with abortion. In the digestion of PCR positive products by AluI, restriction profiles observed in all three samples were determined to be the same as C. abortus S26/3.