“2006中国蔬菜产业可持续发展研讨会”在华中农大成功召开

2006年4月13～15日．由中国园艺学会举办，华中农业大学园艺林学学院承办的“2006中国蔬菜产业可持续发展研讨会”在武汉华中农业大学国际学术交流中心成功召开。     

中国蔬菜产业可持续发展研讨会将于4月在华中农大举行

由中国园艺学会主办．湖北省园艺学会、国家蔬菜改良中心华中分中心、华中农业大学园艺林学学院共同承办的2006中国蔬菜产业可持续发展研讨会定于2006年4月在华中农业大学（湖北武汉）举行，现将有关事宜通知如下。     

“全国蔬菜和薯类种质资源研究与利用研讨会”会议纪要

由中国园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会和中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所共同组织的“全国蔬菜和薯类种质资源研究与利用研讨会”于2006年4月26～28日在北京召开。来自全国15个省（市）和自治区32个单位的92名代表出席了会议。科技部农村司协调处许增泰处长、农业处魏勤芳副处长、农业部种植业司种子处李恩普处长、科教司交流与推广处刘艳处长、中国农业科学院刘旭副院长、科技管理局综合处张燕卿处长、中国园艺学会名誉理事长朱德蔚等有关部门领导出席了开幕式并讲话。     

“全国园艺植物生物技术研讨会”在北京召开

为了及时总结、交流我国园艺植物生物技术研究进展和应用情况，促进我国园艺生物技术的快速发展。3月18—19日，中国园艺学会、中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所在北京组织召开了“全国园艺植物生物技术研讨会”。来自全国26个省、市和自治区的202名代表出席了会议。科技部农村司贾敬敦副司长、蒋茂森处长，农业部科教司石燕泉副司长、张文处长、王久臣处长，国家自然科学基金委生命科学部冯锋副主任，中国农业科学院屈冬玉副院长、叶志华局长，中国工程院范云六、吴明珠、束怀瑞、方智远院士等领导、专家出席了开幕式。贾敬敦、石燕泉、屈冬玉、方智远等领导分别在开幕式上作了重要讲话。     

“2008北方地区蔬菜产业发展研讨会”通知

为了加强我国北方地区蔬菜产业从业单位和人员的沟通交流，互相借鉴成功经验，解决发展中存在的问题，商讨未来发展方向，交流行业技术问题，分析市场前景，提升产业技术水平，推动北方地区蔬菜产业高效发展，由中国园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会、中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所主办，甘肃省农业科学院承办的“2008北方地区蔬菜产业发展研讨会”定于2008年7月20～22日在甘肃省兰州市举办。     

湖北省蔬菜产业发展研讨会在襄樊召开

由湖北省园艺学会、湖北省农业厅主办，武汉市农业局、武汉市农科院协办，武汉市蔬菜科学研究所、湖北省园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会（挂靠武汉市蔬菜所）、襄樊市农科院共同组织承办的湖北省蔬菜产业发展研讨会、国家蔬菜产业技术体系（湖北）学术交流会暨湖北省园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会年会于2009年5月26日在襄樊隆重召开，来自湖北省高等院校、科研单位、生产管理和技术推广部门，以及蔬菜协会、企业等87位代表出席会议。     

关于召开“南方蔬菜产业发展研讨会”的通知

我国南方具有独特的地理位置和气候条件，是我国南菜北运和出口蔬菜的重要生产基地。近年来，随着蔬菜产业的迅速发展及南北方蔬菜产业的合作与交流，南方蔬菜产业发展取得明显成效。为了更好地交流经验，探讨蔬菜产业发展的方向和重点，促进南北方蔬菜科研与生产单位之间的了解和协作。中国园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会、广东省农业科学院和广东蔬菜产业协会共同主办召开“南方蔬菜产业发展研讨会”。会议由广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所承办。华南农业大学园艺学院和广州市蔬菜研究所协办。     

湖北省蔬菜产业发展研讨会在襄樊召开

由湖北省园艺学会、湖北省农业厅主办,武汉市农业局、武汉市农科院协办,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所、湖北省园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会(挂靠武汉市蔬菜所)、襄樊市农科院共同组织承办的湖北省蔬菜产业发展研讨会、国家蔬菜产业技术体系(湖北)学术交流会暨湖北省园艺学会蔬菜专业委员会年会于2009年5月26日在襄樊隆重召开,来自湖北省高等院校、科研单位、生产管理和技术推广部门,以及蔬菜协会、企业等87位代表出席会议。     

“全国园艺植物生物技术研讨会”在北京召开

<正>近年来,在国家和地方各类科研计划的支持下,我国园艺植物生物技术研究取得了明显的进展,生物技术与常规技术密切结合已成为我国园艺植物育种技术发展的重要方     

高山蔬菜 脱贫致富朝阳产业 “首届全国高山蔬菜研讨会”在湖北长阳召开

我国高山蔬菜经过20年的发展，已逐步发展为山区农民脱贫致富的朝阳产业。高山蔬菜在山区致富一方百姓和社会主义新农村建设中发挥着重要作用。为了总结交流全国高山蔬菜发展的经验，研讨高山蔬菜产业中存在的问题，促进高山蔬菜的可持续健康发展，2006年7月18～20日首届全国高山蔬菜研讨会在素有“高山蔬菜第一县”之称的湖北省长阳土家族自治县召开。会议由中国园艺学会、中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所、全国农业技术推广服务中心和湖北省农业厅、湖北省农业科学院主办，来自全国18个省市的100多名专家、学者和高山蔬菜主产区的代表参加了会议。     

Effect of rosiglitazone on serum resistin and glomerular sclerosis in type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To observe the effect of rosiglitazone on serum resistin level and to investigate the possible mechanism of glomerular sclerosis in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS: Ten-week-old Wistar rats were divided into diabetic nephropathy (DN) group (10 cases) and DN+rosiglitazone group (10 cases). The other 10 Wistar rats were used as normal control group. Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by cutting the right kidney and injecting small dose (35 mg/kg) of streptozocin (STZ). Rosiglitazone group received rosiglitazone 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 while normal control group and DN group were fed with normal chow diet. After 20 weeks, vessel blood was collected for plasma IL-1, TNF-α and resistin assayed by ELISA. The serum levels of glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen and microalbum of 24 h urine were also detected. The expression of TGF-β1 in glomerulus was examined by immunohistochemistry. Smad2 phosphatase activity was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: The plasma IL-1, TNF-α, hs-CRP and resistin, and microalbum of 24 h urine in rosiglitazone group, were significantly lower than those in DN group while the serum level of glucose was not different from that in DN group. The expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylated level of Smad2 were lower in rosiglitazone group than those in DN group. The degree of glomerular sclerosis in rosiglitazone group was obviously lighter than that in DN group. CONCLUSION: Rosiglitazone delays and ameliorates the development of diabetic glomerular sclerosis. The mechanism is possibly related to the modulation of resistin and other inflammatory factors. Anti-inflammation is a potential way for controlling diabetic nephropathy.     

Effect of ghrelin on iNOS expression in alveolar macrophages and lung tissues in rats with sepsis-associated lung injury

AIM: To investigate the effect of ghrelin on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in alveolar macrophages and lung tissues in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) rats. METHODS: The septic rat model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Male SD rats were divided into sham group, CLP group and CLP+ghrelin group. The rats in the former 2 groups were further divided into 3 subgroups, which were 6 h, 12 h and 20 h post-operation groups. Ghrelin was administered by intraperitoneal injection at 3 h and 15 h after operation in ghrelin group. The samples were harvested 20 h after operation. The mRNA expression of iNOS in alveolar macrophages collected from bronchoalveolar lavage was detected by RT-PCR. The protein levels of lung iNOS were measured by Western blotting. The lung pathological examination was performed 20 h after operation. RESULTS: In CLP group, the mRNA expression levels of iNOS in the alveolar macrophages were 1.33±0.05, 1.44±0.08, 1.57±0.11 at 6 h, 12 h and 20 h after CLP, respectively, which were higher than that in sham group, but did not show time correlation. However, it was lower in CLP group than that in CLP+ghrelin group at 20 h after CLP (2.27±0.37, P<0.05). At 20 h after CLP, the protein level of lung iNOS was decreased in CLP+ghrelin group (0.87± 0.03) as compared with CLP group (1.08±0.05). Compared with sham group, the histopathological score was increased in both CLP group and CLP+ghrelin group, but it was lower in CLP+ghrelin group (5.83±0.477) than that in CLP group (7.83±0.75). CONCLUSION: Ghrelin treatment improves the degree of ALI. During 6 h to 20 h after CLP, the mRNA expression of iNOS in alveolar macrophages was elevated, but the difference was not seen as the time went on. Ghrelin up-regulates the mRNA expression of iNOS in alveolar macrophages and inhibits iNOS expression in lungs of septic rats.     

Relationship between HDL subclass distribution and plasma glucose and lipid levels in patients with metabolic syndrome

AIM: To investigate high-density lipoprotein(HDL) subclass distribution and to analyze the relationship between HDL subclasses with plasma glucose and lipids in metabolic syndrome(MS). METHODS: Apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I) contents of plasma HDL subclasses were determined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis associated with immunodetection. The concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins in the plasma were measured by an automated biochemical analyzer. RESULTS: Compared with the controls, the levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), apolipoprotein B₁₀₀(apoB₁₀₀), apoB₁₀₀/apoA-I, systolic blood pressure(SBP), body mass index(BMI) and HDL_3b were increased in the MS patients(P<0.05). Meanwhile, HDL-C, apoA-I and preβ₂-HDL, HDL_2a and HDL_2b were decreased in the MS patients(P<0.01). With the increase in the plasma glucose level, the contents of HDL_2a and HDL_2b were decreased in the MS patients(P<0.05), while preβ₁-HDL was increased(P<0.05). With the decrease in the HDL-C level, the content of HDL_2b was decreased in the MS patients(P<0.01), while preβ₁-HDL was increased(P<0.01). With the increase in the TG level and the decrease in the HDL-C level, the content of HDL_2b had a decreasing trend and the content of small-particle preβ₁-HDL had an increasing trend, indicating that HDL maturation metabolism was disrupted. The correlation analysis showed that FPG was negatively correlated with the levels of HDL_2a and HDL_2b, HDL-C was negatively correlated with the level of preβ₁-HDL and positively correlated with the level of HDL_2b, and TG was positively correlated with the levels of preβ₁-HDL and HDL_3b. CONCLUSION: With the increases in the plasma glucose and TG, and the decrease in HDL-C in the MS patients, HDL particles have minifying tendency, and the maturation metabolism of HDL particles is disrupted.     

Influence of vestibular training on plasma levels of stress-related hormones in rats with motion sickness

AIM: To investigate the relationship between motion sickness and the plasma levels of stress-related hormones in the rats before and after vestibular training.METHODS: Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) was induced in 72 female SD rats after rotatory stimulation. The magnitude of CTA was measured to reflect the susceptibility of rats to motion sickness. The plasma levels of corticosterone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Hormone levels were determined before and after rotatory stimulation, and after 1 month of vestibular training when the rats obtained habituation to this rotation.RESULTS: CTA to 0.15% saccharin solution in rats after the rotatory stimulation was completely inhibited after vestibular training, suggesting that a habituation of the rats to motion sickness was obtained. The rotatory stimulation induced an elevation in the plasma levels of corticosterone, ACTH and AVP, and this response of corticosterone to rotation was greatly reduced after vestibular training. The plasma levels of all 4 hormones in the rats insusceptible to motion sickness were higher than those in susceptible group, especially the plasma levels of corticosterone and ACTH after rotation, and the basal level of CRH. In addition, after vestibular training, the basal plasma levels of corticosterone, ACTH and CRH in both groups were higher than those before training, and a slight elevation was also observed in the basal level of AVP.CONCLUSION: Vestibular training may induce a habituation to rotatory stimulation in rats, thus inhibiting the development of motion sickness. The difference of the susceptibility of rats to motion sickness may negatively relate to the basal plasma levels of stress-related hormones.     

Effect of hyperlipidemia on nitric oxide levels of blood and myocardial tissues in rats

AIM: To study the impact of hyperlipidemia on vasoactive substances and the mechanism of gemfibrozil in regulating the endothelial function. METHODS: The hyperlipidemic model was established with rats. The serum levels of lipid, NO, angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and levels of NO, AngⅡ in myocardial tissues were measured. RESULTS: Hyperlipidemic rats had lower level of NO and higher level of VEGF than control subjects. Significant correlation had been shown between serum levels of lipid and NO. Administration of gemfibrozil significantly elevated serum VEGF, NO and myocardial tissue NO levels. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperlipidemia not only reduced serum NO level but also reduced myocardial NO content, which could cause endothelial dysfunction. Gemfibrozil reversed the above changes induced by hyperlipidemia, which might have relevance to VEGF.     

Effect of ghrelin in septal nucleus on gastric motility of diabetic gastroparesis rats and its potential mechanism regulated by hypothalamic arcuate nucleus

AIM：To study the effect of ghrelin in septal nucleus on the gastric motility of the rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) and to investigate the regulation of ghrelin pathway between arcuate and septal nucleus nuclei on gastric motility. METHODS：Streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally to establish a DM rat model. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of ghrelin receptor GHS-R1a. The gastric motility was evaluated by implantation of a force transducer on the surface of rats stomachs and the motility index was also calculated. The neural connections between arcuate and septal nuclei were analyzed by the technique of fluorogold tracing. The neural control pathway of gastric motility was determined by central drug injection, nucleus lesion or nucleus electrical stimulation. RESULTS：The expression of GHS-R1a in the septal nucleus of DM rats was lower than that in normal rats (P<0.05). The amplitude and frequency of gastric motility in the DM rats were lower than those in the normal rats (P<0.05). The gastric motility of normal and DM rats were increased by injection of ghrelin into the septal nucleus in a dose-dependent manner. Seven days after injection of fluorogold into the septal nucleus, some neurons in arcuate nucleus were labeled by fluorogold and part of the labeled neurons were ghrelin immunopositive. No effect of nucleus lesion or nucleus electrical stimulation on the gastric motility in the normal rats was observed. In DM rats, the lesion of septal nucleus decreased the gastric motility (P<0.05). In the normal rats, the change of gastric motility caused by electrical stimulation in arcuate nucleus was not affected by the lesion of septal nucleus (P>0.05), while the change was attenuated in DM rats (P<0.05). The ghrelin receptor antagonist ［D-Lys-3］-GHRP-6 had no significant effect on the gastric motility induced by electrical stimulation in arcuate nucleus of the normal rats (P>0.05), but it reduced the change in the DM rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Ghrelin in septal nucleus and the ghrelinergic pathway between arcuate and septal nuclei play an important role in the modulation of gastric motility in DM rats.     

Effects of ghrelin on brain edema and aquaporin 4 expression after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats

AIM: To explore the effects of ghrelin on the brain edema, the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group and ghrelin treatment group. The MCAO model was made with nylon thread for 2 h of occlusion following 22 h of reperfusion. Ghrelin at a dose of 10 nmol/kg was injected via femoral vein at the beginning of reperfusion. The cerebral infarct volume was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Brain functional deficits were evaluated by determining the neurological scores. The changes of brain swelling and water content were analyzed through volume calculation and dry/wet weight measurement. The permeability of BBB was detected by collecting extravascular Evans blue (EB) in the brain cortex. The changes of AQP4 expression were assessed by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with MCAO group, the rats in ghrelin treatment group had smaller brain infarct volume, lower EB exudation content and neurological scores. The percentage of brain swelling, water content and AQP4 expression were lower in ghrelin treatment group than those in MCAO group. CONCLUSION: Ghrelin reduces the injury of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and lightens the brain edema and BBB damage in rats. Ghrelin also inhibits the expression of AQP4 in brain tissue.