相思杂交亲本嫁接矮化技术

以马占相思(Acacia mangium)为母本,直干大叶相思(A.auriculiformis)为父本,通过亲本选择、容器砧木的培育、本砧嫁接、矮化修剪等技术手段培养相思杂交亲本,可控制亲本树冠高度为2~3 m,冠幅为3~4 m,开花集中在离地面高0.60~1.8 m处树冠外围,达到矮化树体、优化树形、便于授粉操作的目的。     

相思树种在沿海沙地不同立地环境中的应用效果

通过测定生长量和抗风性能等指标,研究了厚荚相思、马占相思、大叶相思、纹荚相思等树种在沿海后沿沙地、木麻黄基干林带采伐迹地、风口困难立地等不同立地环境中的应用效果。结果表明:厚荚相思、纹荚相思和马占相思等3个树种为适宜在沿海后沿沙地上生长的相思树种,它们的树高年平均生长量大于1.0 m.a-1,胸径年平均生长量大于1.0 cm.a-1;厚荚相思生长快,林分郁闭早,抗风能力强,具有较强的固氮能力,是一个基干林带更新较为理想的树种;厚荚相思对沙荒风口大风、流沙和严重干旱等恶劣生境适应性较强,生长最大,是风口困难立地造林的可取树种。     

Maximising growth and sawlog production from Acacia hybrid plantations in Vietnam

New Forests - Management options to optimise sawlog production from Acacia hybrid (A. mangium?×?A. auriculiformis) combining thinning and fertiliser treatments were applied at six...     

华南地区主要造林树种林分碳储量估算

研究52 个乔木树种纯林的碳储量,分析其固碳能力差异,为碳汇造林选用乔木树种提供参考 依据。以广东省东江林场11 年生的乔木树种试验林为研究对象,测定52 个树种生长量和树干、树枝和 树叶的含碳率。按照平均木法,算出平均木生物量,结合平均含碳率、林分密度与保存率,估算碳储量。 结果表明,不同树种林分碳储量差异极大,最高碳储量（厚荚相思Acacia farnesiana）比最低碳储量（紫 玉兰Magnolia liliiflora）相差约20 倍,年均碳储量在10 t/hm2 以上的树种有含羞草科的厚荚相思、大叶 相思A. auriculiformis 等5 个树种,年均碳储量在5~10 t/hm2 的有灰木莲Manglietia glanca、红荷Schima wallichii 等18 个树种。以保存率和单位面积碳储量2 个主要性状作聚类分析,可将52 个树种按固碳能力 划分成4 种类型的碳汇树种。     

相思基因组DNA提取及其RAPD初步分析

以马占相思、大叶相思、厚荚相思幼苗的叶片为材料,采用SDS法、改良SDS法和改良CTAB法进行了基因组DNA的提取并对DNA提取方法作了比较,结果表明改良CTAB法提取效果最好。同时利用改良CTAB法提取出的DNA为模板进行了RAPD分析,鉴别了不同树种之间的多态性。其中有11个引物共扩增出117条谱带,树种间多态性比率为54.7%,遗传多态性明显高于种内。     

广东热带北缘防火林带适宜树种比较试验

通过对6个防火树种的种植对比试验,筛选出马占相思、大叶相思、木荷为广东热带北缘防火林带的首选树种,总结出各树种的适宜立地条件.     

Growth of ten multipurpose tree species on acid soils in Sangmelima,Cameroon

Ten multipurpose tree species were planted both in monoculture and intercropped withArachis hypogea (groundnut) in a randomized complete block with three replications. The vigrou, biomass, nutrient content, and coppicing percentage of the trees were evaluated. Intercropping with groundnuts during the establishment phase did not affect subsequent growth and development of the species.Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, Cassia siamea, Calliandra calothyrsus andParaserianthes falcataria established well, when compared toGliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Dialum guineense, Dubocia macrocarpa andMilicia excelsa. A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, C. calothyrsus, C. siamea andP. falcataria produced the highest leaf (4 to 20 t ha^–1) and wood (12 to 37 t ha^–1) biomass yield (primary growth) at one to three years after planting. Coppicing percentage ofA. mangium A. auriculiformis andP. falcataria were relatively low (35 to 50%).C. calothyrsus andC. siamea showed the highest coppicing percentage (95 to 100%) and produced the greatest coppice biomass (9 to 13 t ha^–1). Total nitrogen and organic matter percentage of soils from under the stands of these two species were also significantly higher than that of the rest. The two species may thus be considered for use in agroforestry technologies for soil improvement on acid soils, which are typical of the moist tropics.     

9种阔叶树种生长初步评价

通过引种9种阔叶树种植比较试验,结果表明马占相思、大叶相思、海南红豆、海南蒲桃在茂名森林公园生长速度较快,是该地区营造生态景观林的优势树种。     

几种热带相思树种的扦插育苗试验

几种热带相思树种经大田扦插育苗试验结果表明：在广州地区以秋季进行萌条扦插育苗效果较好。以马占相思、直干大叶相思、厚荚相思萌条作插穗，用１／３火烧土加２／３黄心土作基质，蘸上自配的ＩＢＤ２＃多效生根粉，直接插入育苗容器育苗，苗床用塑料薄膜拱棚加盖遮光度为６０％的黑网以调节控制温湿度及光照，在基质和插穗不消毒、定期淋浇１‰的复合肥水的情况下，扦插成活率分别达６１．８％、８８．８％和６８．９％。其中直干大叶相思扦插易成活且受季节影响较小。     

Possibility of improvement in fundamental properties of wood of acacia hybrids by artificial hybridization

Growth, specific gravity, and wood fiber length of Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, artificial acacia hybrid clones, and combinations, which were planted in a trial forest in Bavi, Vietnam, in July 2001, were examined. The radial variations from pith to bark were investigated to clarify the effect of genetic factors on these traits. Superiority of hybrids over their parents ranged from 36.3% to 41.6% for diameter, from 20.0% to 25.3% for height, from 6.9% to 20.7% for specific gravity, and from 6.1% to 12.8% for wood fiber length. The hybrid possessed heterosis in diameter, height, specific gravity, and wood fiber length regardless of whether the female parent was A. mangium or A. auriculiformis. The profiles of wood fiber length and specific gravity in the radial direction were similar for all the trees investigated. Wood fiber length was initially 0.5–0.6 mm near the pith and then increased slowly, finally reaching 1.0–1.2 mm near the bark. The specific gravity of acacia increased from 0.49–0.58 near the pith to 0.63–0.74 near the bark. From a relative distance of 30% from the pith, the specific gravity increased slightly and seemed to be stable. The relations among tree diameter, specific gravity, and wood fiber length were fair and could be represented by positive linear regression formulas. Hybrids for which A. auriculiformis was the female parent and A. mangium was the male parent had a faster growth rate and longer wood fibers than the inverse hybrids. Part of this report was presented at the 6th Pacific Regional Wood Anatomy Conference, Kyoto, Japan, December 2005     

稀土对马占相思和大叶相思种苗的影响

用10～1000 mg/L稀土溶液对马占相思和大叶相思浸种24 h后的试验结果表明：适宜浓度的稀土溶液可促进马占相思和大叶相思种子内含物的转化,从而促进种子的萌发和幼苗生长,但同一稀土溶液对不同树种的适宜浸种浓度不同。马占相思以10 mg/L处理有利于提高种子发芽势并缩短发芽时间;大叶相思10～30 mg/L处理显著提高种子发芽率和发芽势,但没有显著缩短发芽时间。200 mg/L及以上浓度浸种对2种树种种子萌发有抑制作用。考虑指标多重比较差异及经济因素,10 mg/L处理较利于马占相思和大叶相思幼苗高和根系生长。     

坡向对马占相思人工林生长过程的影响

通过对不同坡向13年生马占相思人工林平均木进行树干解析,结果表明:阳坡马占相思人工林林分胸径生长量和材积生长量1~13年生均大于阴坡;阴坡马占相思人工林林分胸径和材积数量成熟期早于阳坡;而阳坡的树高数量成熟早于阴坡。     

Evaluation of fuelwood quality of indigenous and exotic tree species of India's semiarid region

The fuelwood potential of indigenous (Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica, Casuarina equisetifolia, Dalbergia sissoo, Prosopis cineraria andZizyphus mauritiana) and exotics (Acacia auriculiformis, A. tortilis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis andE. tereticornis) trees were studied. Calorific value variations for components, such as, stump, main stem, treetop, branches, foliage and bark, were determined. Tree components differed highly significantly (P<0.01) among groups (indigenous and exotics) and within species. The calorific means ranged from 18.7 to 20.8 MJ/kg for indigenous tree species and 17.3 to 19.3 MJ/kg for exotics. Besides calorific values, other fuelwood characteristics, such as, density, ash, biomass/ash ratio, moisture and nitrogen content were also studied. It was observed that indigenous tree species are better suited as fuelwood species as they contain high density wood, low ash content and low N percentage. The fuelwood value index (FVI) was found to be high of indigenous tree species and was maximum forCasuarina equisetifolia (2815). The most promising tree species were in the order ofC. equisetifolia, A. nilotica andZ. mauritiana.     

天然有机物改性木材工艺条件研究

用天然有机物木材浸注液对杉木、湿地松、藜蒴、南洋楹、马占相思等5个树材进行了真空加压浸注试验,结果表明在同样试验条件下,不同的树种其增重率不同,其中杉木最高达64.6%,最低的是南洋楹,只有23.8%;经处理的木材,密度都有增加,可以提高处理材的力学性能。     

海南省中北部丘陵地区优良速生薪材树种的选择

海南省中北部贫瘠丘陵地区20个薪材树种，经4年选择试验，结果表明，马占相思、赤桉、细叶、大叶相思和斑皮桉适应性强，生长快，产量高，燃烧性能性，发热量大，用途广，经济效益高，年年均干生物量为17．5－23．9t/ha，纯利润为1199－2064元／ha，是最适合于当地生长和发展的优良速生薪材料种。     

福建东南沿海滨海沙地4年生相思类树种生物量分配格局及树种选择

对福建省长乐市大鹤国有林场的4年生大叶相思、肯氏相思、纹荚相思、厚荚相思、卷荚相思的各构件生物量分配率进行研究,结果表明:厚荚相思的总生物量最大,而卷荚相思的总生物量低于其他相思树种。5个相思树种各构件生物量分配率:肯氏相思、纹荚相思和卷荚相思的根部分配率较高,其中纹荚相思的根系生物量分配率最高,达46.69%,其次为肯氏相思,达44.59%;而大叶相思和厚荚相思的枝叶鲜重和生物量分配率较高,其中厚荚相思枝叶生物量最高,达76.71%,大叶相思达75.05%。从构件生物量的角度来看,肯氏相思和纹荚相思更适宜作为滨海沙地造林树种。     

Detecting mislabeling and identifying unique progeny in Acacia mapping population using SNP markers

Acacia hybrids offer a great potential for paper industry in Southeast Asia due to their fast growth and ability to grow on abandoned or marginal lands. Breeding Acacia hybrids with desirable traits can be achieved through marker assisted selection(MAS) breeding. To develop a MAS program requires development of linkage maps and QTL analysis. Two mapping populations were developed through interspecific hybridization for linkage mapping and QTL analysis. All seeds per pod were cultured initially to improve hybrid yield as quality and density of linkage mapping is affected by the size of the mapping population. Progenies from two mapping populations were field planted for phenotypic and genotypic evaluation at three locations in Malaysia,(1) Forest Research Institute Malaysia field station at Segamat, Johor,(2) Borneo Tree Seeds and Seedlings Supplies Sdn, Bhd.(BTS) field trial site at Bintulu, Sarawak, and(3) Asiaprima RCF field trial site at Lancang, Pahang. During field planting, mislabeling was reported at Segamat, Johor, and a similar problem was suspected for Bintulu, Sarawak. Early screening with two isozymes effectively selected hybrid progenies, and these hybrids were subsequently further confirmed by using species-specific SNPs. During field planting, clonal mislabeling was reported and later confirmed by using a small set of STMS markers. A large set of SNPs were also used to screen all ramets in both populations. A total of 65.36% mislabeled ramets were encountered in the wood density population and 60.34% in the fibre length mapping population. No interpopulation pollen contamination was detected because all ramets found their match within the same population in question.However, mislabeling was detected among ramets of the same population. Mislabeled individuals were identified and grouped as they originated from 93 pods for wood density and 53 pods for fibre length mapping populations.On average 2 meiotically unique seeds per pod(179 seeds/93 pods) for wood density and 3 meiotically unique seeds per pod(174 seeds/53 pods) for fibre length mapping population were found. A single step statistical method was used to evaluate the most informative set of SNPs that could subsequently be used for routine checks for mislabeling in multi-location field trials and for labelling superior clones to protect breeder's rights. A preliminary set of SNPs with a high degree of informativeness was selected for the mislabeling analysis in conjunction with an assignment test. Two subsets were successfully identified,i.e., 51 SNPs for wood density and 64 SNPs for fibre length mapping populations to identify all mislabeled ramets which had been previously identified. Mislabeling seems to be a common problem due to the complexity involved in the production of mapping populations. Therefore, checking for mislabeling is imperative for breeding activities and for analyses such as linkage mapping in which a correlation between genotypic and phenotypic data is determined.     

马占相思的树龄和倍性对纤维性状的影响

近年来关于树龄对木材结构影响的研究越来越多,主要集中于研究年轮代表的树龄对木材结构的影响,并运用于林业的早期选育,但很少涉及纵向树龄和维管组织所反应的树龄（管宁,１９９６;姜笑梅,１９９７;刘元,１９９７;马灵飞,１９９７;Ｆａｈｎ,１９９０;崔克明,１９９２;１９９３;１９９５;１９９７;Ｂａｓｓ,１９８４;曾其蕴,１９９０;Ｄｏｎａｌｄｓｏｎ,１９９６）。马占相思（ＡｃａｃｉａｍａｎｇｉｕｍＷｉｌｌｄ．）是含羞草科（Ｍｉｍｏｓａｃｅａｅ）金合欢属（Ａｃａｃｉａ）中生长较快的一个种（Ｇｏｎｚａ…     

马大杂种相思幼期养分需求特性研究

对马大相思幼苗9个无性系的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、B等11种营养元素养分含量进行测定,结果表明各养分需求量间存在极显著差异,其中对N的需求量最大,其次是K,对cu或B的需求量最小。器官间的养分需求总量叶〉茎〉根;不同无性系间各养分需求量亦差异显著,其中需求量最大的AMA306号养分总含量是最小的AMA305的1．54倍。根据分析,得到了各无性系对各养分的需求比例。