泥鳅β-actin启动子介导的革胡子鲶GH重组基因的构建及启动活性研究

为获得快速生长的泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus),研究了泥鳅β-actin基因启动子介导的革胡子鲶(Clarias gariepinus)生长激素(growth hormone,GH)重组基因。采用PCR和RT-PCR技术克隆泥鳅β-actin基因近端启动子、3′-UTR及革胡子鲶GH基因编码区,构建一个长为2 418bp的GH重组基因DPRK。首先,构建了以增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因作为报告基因的重组表达载体p AF(pβ-actin promoter-EGFP),然后转染DF1真核细胞,同时经酶切线性化后显微注射到斑马鱼(Danio rerio)和泥鳅的受精卵中,以评价泥鳅β-actin启动子的启动活性。其次,将重组基因DPRK显微注射到泥鳅受精卵中。结果显示:泥鳅β-actin启动子能在DF1细胞、斑马鱼和泥鳅的受精卵中启动绿色荧光蛋白的表达;泥鳅的荧光表达率(78.44%)显著高于斑马鱼(29.62%);泥鳅受精卵显微注射DPRK 20d后,在m RNA水平检测到GH基因的表达。这表明泥鳅β-actin基因近端启动子具有显著的启动活性,且重组基因DPRK能在泥鳅体内表达,为下一步泥鳅的基因工程育种奠定了理论基础。     

草鱼呼肠孤病毒VP6蛋白基因植物表达载体的构建

以据草鱼呼肠孤病毒(GCRV)VP6蛋白的全基因序列(GeneBank AF403394)为模板,采用RT-PCR构建了草鱼呼肠孤病毒VP6蛋白基因植物表达载体的构建。结果显示:实验构建的pCR 2.1-VP6重组质粒含有NcoⅠ和BglⅡ酶切位点;pCR 2.1-VP6重组质粒经PCR扩增和测序显示含有1.3 Kbp的草鱼呼肠孤病毒VP6基因读码框片段。将目的片段VP6酶切、克隆到携带有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1302中,再经酶切、PCR扩增和序列测定显示,pCAMBIA1302-VP6含有1.3 Kbp的草鱼呼肠孤病毒VP6基因片段,说明已插入植物表达载体pCAMBIA1302绿色荧光蛋白基因前,成功构建了融合表达草鱼呼肠孤病毒VP6蛋白和绿色荧光蛋白的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1302-VP6。     

虹鳟传染性造血器官坏死病-传染性胰腺坏死病重组腺病毒载体的构建

传染性造血器官坏死病和传染性胰腺坏死病是以感染鲑科鱼类为主的两种传染病。为克隆传染性造血器官坏死病病毒IHNVG基因和传染性胰腺坏死病病毒IPNVVP2基因,并构建其重组腺病毒载体。利用RT-PCR方法分别扩增出IHNVG基因和IPNVVP2基因,通过多基因片段同源重组技术将IHNVG基因和IPNVVP2基因克隆到pAdTrack-CMV载体上,经过线性化后与pAdEasy-1载体在BJ5183菌体内同源重组,构建出重组腺病毒质粒,经PCR及NotⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切鉴定后,再经PacⅠ线性化后用于转染HEK-293细胞,获得重组腺病毒。通过绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein, GFP)的表达来监控重组腺病毒的复制情况,用western blot法分别检测糖蛋白(G蛋白)和VP2蛋白的表达,并测定重组病毒的滴度。结果显示,克隆出的IHNVG基因和IPNVVP2基因总长度为3 036 bp。该病毒在HEK-293细胞中分别表达出蛋白分子质量约为58 kD和54 kD的产物,其滴度为1.0×10^9.5 mL^-1 TC...     

斑马鱼Mylz2启动子的克隆与转绿色荧光蛋白基因鱼的构建

为获得能在肌肉表达绿色荧光蛋白的转基因斑马鱼(Brachydaniorerio),采用PCR方法,从斑马鱼基因组DNA中分离了肌球蛋白轻链2启动子,序列分析表明,该启动子与国外文献报道的斑马鱼肌球蛋白轻链2启动子序列的相似性为98.6%。将改造后的启动子插入绿色荧光蛋白基因载体,构建成肌肉特异性表达载体。通过显微注射,将线性化的表达载体注入斑马鱼的受精卵,获得了转绿色荧光蛋白基因的斑马鱼。绿色荧光蛋白在胚胎期开始表达,随着鱼体的生长表达量有增加的趋势,成鱼在紫外灯下用肉眼即可观察到绿色荧光。转基因鱼绿色荧光蛋白的表达具有明显的肌肉特异性。本研究为下一步特定基因的表达研究和获得有特色的转基因观赏鱼奠定了基础。     

对虾白斑综合征病毒囊膜蛋白VP28和VP26的毕赤酵母组成型分泌表达

近年来,重组 VP28和 VP26蛋白作为蛋白亚单位疫苗,在增强对虾抗白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染的过程中具有重要作用。本研究根据GenBank中WSSV的基因序列设计引物,以WSSV粗提液为模板进行普通PCR扩增,得到VP28和VP26基因,再用引物悬挂法将EcoRⅠ和XbaⅠ酶切位点分别添加到 VP28和 VP26基因的5￠端和3￠端。目的基因经双酶切后插入到表达载体pGAPZαA,转化TOP10大肠杆菌,经博莱霉素(Zeocin)抗性筛选阳性重组酵母表达载体。AvrⅡ酶切线性化之后,电击转化 X-33毕赤酵母感受态细胞,经 Zeocin 抗性筛选得到阳性重组酵母。SDS-PAGE电泳分析重组酵母表达上清液的目的蛋白,没有检测到VP28和VP26重组蛋白。随后,采用蛋白质银染法,结果显示,与空载pGAPZαA组相比,VP28和VP26表达上清液组有明显的条带,证明VP28和VP26在毕赤酵母中成功表达,蛋白分子量大小约为32 kDa。     

急性病毒性坏死病毒引物酶表达及酶学活性分析

根据急性病毒性坏死病毒(acute viral necrosis virus,AVNV)ORF 024序列设计引物,以AVNV的DNA为模板进行扩增AVNV引物酶(primase)基因,同时构建表达质粒pET32a-prim,并转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测显示诱导表达两条蛋白条带,其中分子量为60 ku的蛋白条带与预期表达蛋白条带大小一致,另一蛋白条带分子量约为55 ku,经Western-blotting及质谱分析鉴定分子量60 ku的蛋白条带为AVNV-引物酶,而表达出的55 ku蛋白条带存在部分引物酶多肽片段。RNA结合荧光染料Pico-Green在30 min内荧光强度比较稳定,从而确定30 min为进行AVNV引物酶活性分析的最佳终止反应时间,并在引物合成实验中观察到30 min内引物酶活性较高。当使用多聚胞嘧啶寡核苷酸poly(d C)为模板时,重组引物酶能特异性催化底物GTP。0.1 mmol/L Zn2+可显著增强引物酶活性,而1mmol/L Mn2+和EDTA能抑制引物酶活性。     

重组Hu-IFN-α基因在草鱼中的整合和表达

采用显微注射法将人α干扰素(HuIFNα)重组基因转入草鱼Ⅰ～Ⅱ细胞期的受精卵,然后对转化培育出的草鱼个体提取血液总DNA进行PCR和Southern杂交检测及ELISA检测,以研究重组基因在受体基因组上的整合和表达情况。实验结果显示:HuIFNα重组基因能整合在草鱼基因组上,但其整合是随机的,整合位点没有固定区域,而且整合在受体草鱼基因组上的HuIFNα基因的表达率较低,表达水平在个体间有很大差异。大部分转基因个体外源基因表达水平集中在39～74pg/mL之间,表达最高个体HuIFNα浓度为1450pg/mL。     

拟态弧菌的绿色荧光蛋白标记及其在感染草鱼体内的动态分布

为了示踪研究拟态弧菌感染草鱼的动态过程,将增强型绿色荧光蛋白编码基因EGFP克隆至质粒pBAD24,并转化到拟态弧菌04-14菌株构建荧光标记重组菌.重组菌经阿拉伯糖诱导后,能高效表达EGFP蛋白;荧光显微镜观察和流式细胞仪检测均发现重组菌能够发出明显的绿色荧光信号,且传至30代后质粒稳定率仍为100％;生物学特性检测结果显示,与野生株相比,重组菌的形态、生长特性和细胞黏附性均未发生明显改变.用标记重组菌浸泡感染草鱼,定点采集鳃、肠道、肌肉、头肾、脾脏和肝脏,借助荧光信号检测4d内细菌在不同组织脏器中的动态分布.结果发现感染4h后即可在肠道和鳃中检测到绿色荧光信号,标记菌检出量分别为3.60×108和2.36×106 CFU/g,直至10 h,其含量无明显变化,12 h后含菌量逐渐下降,但持续存在直至鱼死亡.标记菌在肌肉、头肾、脾脏和肝脏中呈现相似的动力学,感染24 h后才检测到荧光信号,24～ 85 h时间段含菌量呈现先增加后下降的变化,48 h达到峰值,检出量分别为9.58×104(肌肉)、8.75×104(头肾)、1.50×104(脾脏)和4.50×104 CFU/g(肝脏),但均低于肠道中的检出量,结果表明肠道是拟态弧菌黏附定植与繁殖的主要靶器官.     

中华鲟半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C基因的原核表达

为了研究鱼类半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(cystatin)的功能并探索其在水产品加工和病害防治中的应用潜力，将改造后的中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)cystatin C cDNA亚克隆到原核表达载体pBV220，构建表达cystatinc的大肠杆菌基因工程菌。该工程菌经温度诱导、SDS—PAGE检测，在约12．4kD处有一特异蛋白带，该特异蛋白的含量约为菌体总蛋白的25％。重组半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂经洗涤、溶解、透析、复性后纯度为85％，实现了中华鲟cystatinC在大肠杆菌中的高效表达。木瓜蛋白酶活性抑制实验结果表明该重组cystatinc具有明显的酶活抑制作用。     

Establishment and characterization of an ovarian cell line from Southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis)

An ovarian cell line was successfully developed from the juvenile ovary of Southern catfish (SCO1) (Silurus meridionalis), which was designated as SCO1. The cell line multiplied preferentially in L-15 medium with 15 % fetal bovine serum at 28 °C for more than 70 passages over a period of 420 days. SCO1 showed fibroblast-like morphology and predominantly retained a diploid karyotype of 58 chromosomes. From the gene expression patterns, SCO1 showed a characteristic of ovarian granulosa cells. After the cells were transfected with the green fluorescent protein expression vector, bright fluorescent signals could be observed in approximately 30 % cells. This cell line may be valuable for the evaluation of endocrine disruptors and studying interactions between somatic cells and germ cells.     

盐藻钙依赖蛋白激酶基因DsCDPK的表达分析

以盐藻总RNA为模板,利用RT-PCR技术扩增了盐藻DsCDPK基因的cDNA序列,将其克隆到pMD^TM19-T simple载体上,经测序获得的克隆片段全长1650 bp,与已发表的盐藻DsCDPK(GenBank:JQ964113)的编码区序列同源性达100%。将DsCDPK基因的开放阅读框与质粒pET-32a(+)连接,构建原核表达载体pET-32a-DsCDPK。将该重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21中,经IPTG诱导融合,蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21中得到成功表达。通过SDS-PAGE检测发现,融合蛋白为部分可溶性表达,将上清蛋白经过His柱纯化后获得了纯度较高的可溶性融合蛋白,Western杂交检测显示,融合蛋白能被抗His单克隆抗体特异性识别,初步证明该融合蛋白就是带有His标签的DsCDPK蛋白。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法分析了高盐胁迫下DsCDPK基因的表达模式。试验结果表明,盐藻DsCDPK基因为盐胁迫上调基因,在高盐(3.0 mol/L NaCl)胁迫下,DsCDPK基因表达量显著增加,盐胁迫1 h时表达量达到最高,为正常生长状况(1.0 mol/L NaCl)下的3倍,差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。该研究成果为进一步阐明盐藻钙依赖蛋白激酶基因的功能及作用机制奠定了基础。     

Purification of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome from goldfish oocytes

Destruction of cyclin B is required for exit from mitosis and meiosis. A cyclin-specific ubiquitinating system, including anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is thought to be responsible for cyclin B destruction. To learn more about the molecular mechanism of cyclin B degradation, a molecular study of the ubiquitinating system in goldfish has been undertaken. For biochemical preparation of APC/C, we first conducted the cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of goldfish, Carassius auratus, cdc27 that encodes a subunit of APC/C from goldfish ovary. The deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to cdc27 from other species. Then recombinant goldfish Cdc27CT (C-terminal half of Cdc27) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and an antibody was raised against purified recombinant protein. Polyclonal antiserum cross-reactive with Cdc27 was obtained. By the assay using the antibody, APC/C was purified by column chromatographs.     

鳗源嗜水气单胞菌β—溶血素基因的克隆及表达

应用PCR技术,从1株鳗源嗜水气单胞菌ML316中扩增得到β 溶血素基因AHL316HEM,将AHL316HEM克隆到pGEM TEasyVector,经分析验证后重组到pcDNA3.0中,构建了重组质粒PDLH。转化重组质粒PDLH的大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)DH5α能在血琼脂培养皿中形成明显的β 溶血斑,重组菌纯化的胞外产物溶血价为1.28×104HU·mg-1,同时重组菌的胞外产物能被原始菌株的高免血清特异性地识别。结果证实,克隆到鳗源嗜水气单胞菌β 溶血素基因,重组质粒PDLH能够表达具有天然生物学活性的β 溶血素,为构建嗜水气单胞菌核酸疫苗奠定了基础。     

黄颡鱼细胞因子信号传导抑制因子SOCS1的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

细胞因子信号传导抑制因子(suppressor of cytokine signaling, SOCS)是一类由细胞产生的胞内蛋白,能够反馈性阻断细胞因子信号传导过程的负性调控因子。为深入研究黄颡鱼细胞因子信号传导的发生过程和机制,实验从黄颡鱼cDNA中克隆获得561 bp的黄颡鱼SOCS1(PfSOCS1)基因编码序列,成功构建了重组质粒pET32a(+)-PfSOCS1,并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,在不同温度、IPTG浓度、诱导时间等条件下进行表达,确定最佳表达条件。本实验采用包涵体纯化的方法得到纯度较高的重组SOCS1蛋白;以重组PfSOCS1蛋白免疫Balb/C小鼠,制备多克隆抗体。通过Western blot鉴定了PfSOCS1抗血清可以特异性识别重组PfSOCS1蛋白。蛋白水平的组织分布显示,黄颡鱼SOCS1蛋白在肝脏中表达水平较高。     

The stimulatory effect of LED light spectra on genes related to photoreceptors and skin pigmentation in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

This study aimed to assess differences in genes related to skin color of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to light-emitting diodes (LEDs): red, green, and purple. We investigated differences in the expression of mammalian-like melanopsin (Opn4m), rhodopsin (RH), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), melanin-concentrating hormone receptor (MCH-R), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in goldfish exposed to different LED light spectra. Opn4m, RH, MCH, and MCH-R mRNA levels were significantly higher in the green and purple LED groups than in the white fluorescent bulb (control) and red LED groups. Furthermore, skin cells were isolated to measure the MCH-R mRNA expression levels. The results show that the mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the green and purple LED groups than in the control and red LED groups. In addition, body weights in the green and purple LED groups were significantly higher than those in the control and red LED groups. However, POMC mRNA expression levels in the green and purple LED groups were significantly lower than those in the control and red LED groups. These results suggest that specific wavelengths regulate fish skin color through neuropeptide hormones and photoreceptors, and POMC, which is related to stress hormones and melatonin, is associated with stress levels as well as skin color.     

鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型ORF66基因DNA疫苗载体的构建及其免疫效果

鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(CyHV-2)能够引起鲫大量死亡,严重威胁我国水产养殖业的健康发展,目前,针对CyHV-2尚无有效的商业化疫苗或治疗措施。为构建CyHV-2DNA疫苗,本研究将其衣壳蛋白ORF66编码基因克隆至pVAX1真核表达载体上,构建重组质粒pVAX-ORF66。此外,在BL21(DE3)pLysS中对ORF66蛋白进行了原核表达,表达蛋白经纯化后免疫新西兰白兔制备了ORF66特异性抗体。酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)检测显示,制备抗体效价达1∶20000以上。将pVAX-ORF66质粒转染金鱼脑细胞系(GFB),利用制备的ORF66抗体进行间接免疫荧光(IFA)检测,结果显示,ORF66蛋白可以在细胞中大量表达,且主要定位于细胞质中。将pVAX-ORF66质粒肌肉注射鲫后进行CyHV-2免疫保护实验,结果表明,其相对免疫保护率达55.6%。本研究针对CyHV-2构建了一种制备简单、成本低廉的DNA疫苗,为鲫造血器官坏死病的免疫预防及感染分子机制研究奠定了前期实验基础。     

Organization and promoter analysis of a tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon single WAP domain-containing protein gene

The main function of the single whey acidic protein domain (SWD)-containing protein in shrimp is unknown. To elucidate the function of the SWD-containing protein in vivo, the SWD-containing protein gene was isolated and characterized. A 9.3-kb shrimp SWD-containing protein gene, and a 3.9-kb 3′-flanking region. The shrimp SWD-containing protein gene contained three exons and two introns. Different fragments of the shrimp SWD-containing protein 5′-flanking region were transfected into HeLa cells. The promoter activities were assayed by basal human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatments. The in vitro actions of the SWD-containing protein promoter expression pattern were studied by transfection of an SWD-containing protein promoter (1 kb)-driven green fluorescent protein (GFP) encoding the GFP cDNA transgene into the HeLa cell line, which was then microinjected into zebrafish Danio rerio embryos. These results indicate that the shrimp SWD-containing protein promoter might play an important role in gene regulation of sex hormones in mammalian cell lines and in gene regulation of developmental stages in zebrafish.