共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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果蔬贮运过程中常常会发生病变腐烂现象,造成贮藏损失。病害发生的种类概括起来可分为2大类:一是由于贮运环境条件不适宜引起的生理病害,如冷害、冻害、气体伤害和药害等;二是由于病原菌侵染引起的侵染性病害。此外还有由于挤压、撞击等外部机械力及虫害造成的机械损伤。其中尤以侵染性病害造成的损失最为严重,而生理病 相似文献
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壳聚糖是从昆虫、虾,蟹等外壳及菌,藻类的细胞壁中提取的天然高分子化合物,具有良好的成膜性,可广泛用于各类果蔬的保鲜,其使用方法简便,是一种安全、高效、价廉的保鲜剂.本文就壳聚糖的特性、保鲜机理及其在果蔬保鲜中的应用等方面进行综述. 相似文献
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壳聚糖及其在果蔬保鲜中的应用研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
我国每年水果、蔬菜的生产、销售和出口数量都非常大 ,但是在运输、贮藏过程中 ,因霉烂而造成的损失达到 2 5 %~ 30 % ,严重的高达 4 0 %。因此 ,果蔬保鲜技术的研究有明显的社会效益和经济效益 ,是当前国内外研究的热点。近年来应用较为普遍的有冷藏、气调贮藏、减压贮藏、气调包装膜和化学药品处理等技术 ,这些保鲜技术具有高能耗、投资大或毒性副作用[1] 。随着现代保鲜技术的发展 ,经济安全的天然保鲜剂的开发和应用已引起人们的关注 ,国际食品科学界正掀起对可食性膜保鲜剂广泛应用于果蔬的研究高潮。我国也相继开发出几类新型果蔬保… 相似文献
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一.果蔬采后病害的发生
新鲜果蔬产品的品质恶化受众多因素的影响,但是采后病害引起的腐烂却是导致损失的最主要原因。新鲜水果和蔬菜在采后流通过程中损失的主要原因可归纳为:生理的(果蔬自身生理衰败)、病理的(病原微生物致腐)、物理的(机械损伤、环境的温湿度不适宜)以及三者之间共同作用引起的。 相似文献
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AIM: To study the effect and mechanism of humanin (HN) on inhibition of excitatory neurotoxicity induced by N-methyl-D-asparate(NMDA). METHODS: Cortical neurons from newborn SD rat were primarily cultured. The purity of the cells was assessed by immunofluorescence technique. The neurons were randomly divided into normal group, NMDA group, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) group and HN group. The activity of the neurons was detected by MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) concentration was detected by NO detection kit, and the neuronal apoptosis was examined by Hoechst staining. The expression of p-p38 MAPK in the neurons was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Immunofluorescence test showed that 90% cells were neuron-specific enolase(NSE)-positive staining cells. The activity of the neurons in L-NAME group and HN group was lower than that in normal group, but higher than that in NMDA group. NO concentration, the numbers of apoptotic cells, and the expression of p-p38 MAPK in L-NAME group and HN group were higher than those in normal group, but lower than those in NMDA group. Compared with HN group, the activity of the neurons decreased, the numbers of apoptotic cells and the expression of p-p38 MAPK increased in L-NAME group. CONCLUSION: HN inhibits the apoptosis of neurons partly by inhibiting the NO toxicity, thus protecting the neurons. 相似文献
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A Review Nitric oxide (NO) is a biologically active molecule in vivo,it has been found to play an important role not only as a cytotoxic effector but also an immune regulatory mediator and a signal molecule of message transmission.The inducible NO synthase (iNOS) produces NO after cells were activated and play a rather complicated pathophysiological action in a variety of human diseases or disorders. The molecular biological character of iNOS,its expression in human diseases and probable significance were reviewed. 相似文献
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Akula Nookaraju Chandrama P. Upadhyaya Shashank K. Pandey Ko Eun Young Se Jin Hong Suk Keun Park Se Won Park 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
The quality of fruits and vegetables is mainly dependant on the sweetness determined by the level of soluble sugars such as glucose, fructose and sucrose. Other fruit quality parameters include Brix content, acidity, aroma, color, size and shape. Total sugar content in fruits and vegetables is a function of genetic, nutritional, environmental and developmental factors. Understanding the factors controlling sweetness is important to design strategies for enhancing quality of fruits and vegetables. Modifying the activity of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism such as sucrose synthase (SuSy), acid invertase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose transporters were found to influence carbohydrate partitioning and sucrose accumulation in sink tissues of several food crops. Plant based taste-modifying sweet proteins such as brazzein, cucurmin, mabinlin, monellin, miraculin, neoculin and thaumatin have potential application for developing transgenic plants to improve the sweetness and quality of fruits and vegetables. The present review envisages various cultural, breeding and molecular approaches used for enhancing sugar content and sweetness in fruits and vegetables. 相似文献
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果蔬采后叶绿素降解与品质变化的关系 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
介绍了叶绿素降解的研究进展、果蔬采后叶绿素降解与品质变化的关系、影响果蔬采后叶绿素降解的因素以及相关采后贮藏技术措施。相对于叶绿素的合成,叶绿素降解的研究进展要缓慢得多。目前认为,叶绿素在绿色植物和成熟果实中的降解,至少有2条途径。一是包括叶绿素酶等在内的“PaO”途径降解;另一条是由一系列的氧化酶作用的叶绿素“漂白”过程。在果实以及蔬菜的采后贮藏中,有许多因素影响着叶绿素的降解,如温度、气体条件、植物激素等。在广泛研究了叶绿素降解影响因素的基础上,根据果实的采后生理特点以及市场对产品的要求,研究出了如热处理、气调控制、药物处理等技术,从而有效地控制了果蔬采后叶绿素的降解,以满足市场与消费者的要求,同时也为更多技术的出现奠定了基础。 相似文献