基于ANSYS的生物质进料器螺旋轴强度分析

立式螺旋轴进料器是双螺旋式生物质热解液化装置的主要组成部分之一.其中,螺旋轴又是进料器的主要零部件,其强度能否满足要求是进料器正常运行的关键因素.为此,根据螺旋轴的材料性质及工作环境的要求,对螺旋轴的受力进行了理论计算,并利用ANSYS软件对其进行了分析,确定了螺旋轴的最大应力值及最大受力部位.经理论分析和强度校核,螺旋轴在正常工作的条件下,强度完全满足设计要求.本研究可为生物质热解液化装置正常运行提供保障.     

螺旋榨油机关键设计的探讨

螺旋榨油机作为目前使用最广泛的榨油机械，其具有连续化、单机处理量大等特点，一般应用在高含油料的一次压榨以及预榨工艺中。为此，对螺旋榨油机的关键设计进行了探讨，从物料特性与机械结构相结合的角度讨论了压榨结构的设计过程，主要从物料的压榨特性，榨膛、榨排、榨螺的设计及理论压缩比的确定等方面展开阐述。     

巴旦木脱青皮机螺旋脱皮辊的设计及有限元分析

为分析巴旦木脱青皮机中的核心关键部件螺旋脱皮辊的结构强度和力学性能,计算分析并确定了螺旋脱皮辊的结构参数,采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立螺旋脱皮辊的三维有限元模型并对脱皮辊进行了静力学分析和模态分析。结果表明:螺旋脱皮辊可实现物料的脱青皮和输送功能;螺旋脱皮辊的最大变形和等效应力分别为4 307.74×10-6 mm和0.787 35MPa,在空转与工作工程中最大等效应力远小于零件材料屈服强度;螺旋脱皮辊的模态分析前三阶固有频率分别为:19.599Hz、19.597Hz和44.491Hz,而机构工作频率远小于所分析零件的固有频率。该螺旋脱皮辊结构不仅满足强度和刚度要求且在正常工作条件下不会发生共振,为研制巴旦木机械化脱青皮装置提供理论数据和科学依据。     

螺旋榨油机应用研究及其传动系统改进

笔者分析了螺旋榨油机应用前景,阐述了螺旋榨油机结构原理,研究了螺旋榨油机研发方向,重点对优化平行异向双螺杆传动系统进行了论述。通过对压榨工艺、异向传动方式、异向传动系统的要求、类型等进行比较,提出了双螺旋榨油机的改进思路,总结了双螺旋榨油机传动系统要求。     

小麦免割播种机双向螺旋刀的工作原理及结构分析

针对传统播种机机具容易堵塞的缺点,研制了一种新型小麦免割播种机。通过对小麦播种机工作原理的分析,对小麦免割播种机的主要工作部件双向螺旋刀进行了重要参数的选择,并利用有限元理论结合Ansys软件、采用APDL参数化设计语言建立了双向螺旋刀的有限元模型,对双向螺旋刀进行了有限元分析。结果表明:双向螺旋刀能够满足强度和刚度要求,本新型小麦免割播种机能够满足工作要求。     

提高现有糖厂压榨机生产能力的思考

压榨机的效率功能(简称压榨效能)主要有两大指标,即榨蔗量和抽出率。压榨技术作为压榨车间的经济核心技术,既要保证车间的生产能力,又要保证车间设备的安全运行和均衡生产。压榨机的实际生产能力不仅受到技术管理和设备的影响,还受到工艺条件和操作的影响。在生产流程中,压榨甘蔗是"一条龙"制作,即从甘蔗开始处理到最后的压榨机运转作业,所运用的设备是单台独立的传动方式,一旦损坏就没有补救的设备。另外,若渗出操作不适当,如渗出温度过高、pH值不适宜等,则会导致废粕的压榨特性不好,造成压榨困难,也会降低压榨机的生产能力。所以,加大力度改造压榨车间的技术,提高压榨车间的工作效率及安全,保证糖厂生产运转平稳正常,降低生产成本,提高质量和产量,是保证糖厂压榨机生产能力的关键,也是所有制糖厂所面临的最大问题。本文主要探讨现有糖厂压榨机的生产能力的计算及相关措施。     

半轴螺旋送器的有限元仿真和模拟分析

借助三维设计软件SolidWorks建立半轴螺旋送器的三维模型,导入有限元分析软件Comsol Multiphysics进行分析,得到半轴螺旋送器的应力和位移图以及5阶固有频率。结果表明:在静力学下,螺旋输送器在轴筒末端与叶片连接处存在最大188MPa,在叶片顶部曲率变化点偏下位置存在最大位移0.2mm,满足强度要求。本研究为螺旋输送器正常工作提供了保障。     

双轴螺旋水耕机理论探讨

通过对双轴螺旋水耕机的测试数据和受力分析，论述这种新型水田耕作机械的结构特点和工作原理，探讨双轴螺旋水耕机理论和研究方向。     

基于光伏供电葡萄籽油加工装置设计与控制

针对葡萄籽多脂、多蛋白质,含油率高,设计开发葡萄籽油压榨加工装置。该装置采用光伏供电,高温加热和螺旋压榨相结合方式,能够完成对葡萄籽的加热、破碎、出油和油渣分离等工作。该装置主要包括炉体、螺旋压榨系统、籽油蒸汽收集系统、动力系统、葡萄籽压饼渣收集器、加热系统以光伏供电系统及控制系统等。试验表明压榨时间越长、加热温度越高、加热时间越长,葡萄籽压榨机的出油率越高,高温作用下能够通过冷凝收集装置使油渣快速分离,籽油压榨装置的研制为新疆当地葡萄籽深加工提供技术参考。     

螺旋榨油机行业质量现状与对策

螺旋榨油机是机械压榨法取油的关键设备,是一种适合我国国情的油料加工机械.介绍螺旋榨油机行业的发展历史,对当前的行业发展与产品质量现状进行分析,提出促进螺旋榨油机行业发展的5个方面的建议.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。