与芦为邻

一直认为芦苇与竹子相似,都是碧绿的、直直的、高高的,只不过竹子是植物界里的精英,而芦苇属于草根。因此竹子可以长在山上,也可以长在家前屋后,且日日长青,而芦苇近水才能生长,因为属于草根,只能一岁一枯荣。想跟芦苇做邻居似乎很容易,其实不然,首先居所附近得有水,哪怕一个小小的水塘。在乡村,大大小小的水塘不计其数,芦苇也随处可见,这个高高的邻居极易被人忽视,除非是很大很大的芦苇荡。     

园林艺术现代与传统的对话与沟通园林艺术现代与传统的对话与沟通

当今中国，经济飞速发展，城市化进程日益加快，为我国的风景园林建设事业带来前所未有的发展机遇。与此同时，设计界在经历了二十年学习与反思的过程后，对于现代与传统的理解也开始趋向成熟。中国古典园林艺术历经三千年的发展、演变，创造了不可胜数的名园胜景，对世界园林艺术产生了深远的影响。如何借鉴和发扬前人留给我们的园林遗产，探索中国现代园林风格，是一个亟待解决的课题。     

文冠果育种与栽培技术研究进展与对策

从新品种选育、引种栽培、育苗技术以及造林技术等方面对文冠果育种与栽培技术研究进展进行了系统总结,分析并指出了文冠果育种与栽培技术研究领域存在的问题,亦提出了几点以供参考的对策。     

与竹为邻

假如竹能开口说话,会不会像笛子一样好听;假如竹能迈腿走路,会不会成为与你形影不离的弟兄。苏东坡有言:"宁可食无肉,不可居无竹。无肉令人瘦,无竹令人俗。"人瘦,倒是符合现代人养生的趋势,可以远离心脏病、高血压等隐形杀手,不失为一件好事。有     

杉木与松树杉木与柳杉混交林

杉木纯林弊端较多.这是因为杉木针叶养分含量少、质地硬、含硅质多,不易腐烂分散,所形成的粗腐殖质酸性强,容易中和表土中的盐基成份,并向下淋溶,使表土贫瘠,地力衰退.同时,纯林树种单一、生物稳定性差、天敌少,容易发生病虫害.岳西县部分乡村林场和造林户,推广应用了杉木混交林造林技术,实践表明,营造杉木混交林,特别是针阔混交林,不仅充分利用了营养空间,有利于形成特殊的小气候、改良土壤、提高地力、减免病虫危害,而且促进林木速生、丰产、优质,是提高杉木造林成效,保持林地生产力的一项根本性措施.     

与梅书

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小城镇与乡村绿化与树种选择

从小城镇与乡村的特点出发,阐述了小城镇与乡村绿化的意义、规划原则、类型与树种选择。     

园林艺术现代与传统的对话与沟通

当今中国,经济飞速发展,城市化进程日益加快,为我国的风景园林建设事业带来前所未有的发展机遇。与此同时,设计界在经历了二十年学习与反思的过程后,对于现代与传统的理解也开始趋向成熟。中国古典园林艺术历经三千年的发展、演变,创造了不可胜数的名园胜景,对世界园林艺术产生     

我国林木与竹子引进历程与展望

通过大量文献调查和关键信息人访谈,分别回顾了我国引进林木与竹子的4个历程:新中国成立前、建国至改革开发前、改革开放至上世纪末和新世纪以来。通过比较发现从随机和偶然性引进为主发展到目前系统科学的计划引进为主。引进用途从单一的材用和简单的绿化用转向材用、观赏用和生态用等多种用途。主要引进资源在各时期都涉及桉树、杨树、松树等速生林木,且改革开放后达到盛期,而竹子的引进规模相对较小,但在速生和高观赏价值竹子引进方面开展了很多工作。研究指出,我国未来的引进工作将在很长一段时期内依然重视速生丰产等遗传特性;更加重视高观赏价值林木与竹子的引进;注重引进能够提高森林质量和改善生态环境林木与竹子;且生物技术手段的应用将更加突出;引进渠道管理和(生态)风险管理将要加强。     

浅析科学与艺术的交叉与融合

指出了科学与艺术的本质特征及其差异,探讨了科学与艺术的统一性,对科学与艺术的交叉与融合进行了研究。     

生态经济林与可持续发展

通过实地调查与资料收集，对生态经济树种及生态经济林进行了定义，分析了我国经济林的生产现状及发展生态经济林的意义。介绍了浙江省杨梅、山核桃、山茱萸、香榧等主要生态经济树种的经济效益与生态效益，并探讨了生态经济林纯林、混交林、立体经营及散生庭院式的栽培模式及规范化栽培，指出山地或坡地发展生态经济林应以混交林和立体经营为主，减少纯林栽培，提倡四旁、宅院种植经济林以增加收入、美化环境。同时指出生态经济林也是经济林生存和持续发展的根本问题。     

天台县林木种质资源及保护利用

在全县范围采用踏查、走访咨询、标本与资料收集的方法,调查得出天台县共有木本植物86科270属670种。其中有国家重点保护野生植物13种（一级重点保护2种,二级重点保护11种）。本文就天台县对夏蜡梅（Calyeanthus chineiasis Cheng et S．YChang）等四种浙江省珍稀濒危保护植物和天台县特色农家品种天台红朱柿（Diospyroskaki cv．Tiantai．Hongzhu）的保护利用现状进行了概述。并就天台县林木资源特点提出了加强宣传教育、要制止盲目的次生林改造、加强就地保护和迁地保护、做好良种选育和扩大繁殖研究等保护利用建议。     

森林资源消长与营林对策

对丽水市１９７５年以来森林资源动态与营林成效进行分析结果看出，经过２０年的人工造林、封山育林，使森林资源持续增长，有林地面积增加，荒山、疏林基本绿化，总体蓄积量回升，林种、龄组结构趋于合理，经济果木林有较大幅度增长，但也存在林分总体素质差、单位面积产量低、人工造林保存率高而效益不理想，封山育林成果巩固难度增大等问题，提出营林工作要转向提高林分内部质量的战略，调整产业结构，大办绿色产业，巩固和扩大绿化成果，提高林业综合效益。     

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Abstract

The effect of soaking on germination and occurrence of fungal infections on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seeds and germinants was studied in three commercial seed lots. Treatments in which seeds were soaked in water for 24 h or in which the water was changed during the soak did not have an effect on the species diversity or on the abundance of the fungi isolated from the seeds. Different fungi were found in different seed lots. Most of those isolated are saprophytic or weakly pathogenic, but pathogens such as Sirococcus conigenus (D.C.) P.F. Cannon &; Minter and Trichothecium roseum (Pers.) Link were also isolated. Soaking increased germination energy but had no effect on final germination percentage. The number of mouldy seeds and germinants with disease symptoms was different among seed lots when seeds were germinated on water agar. When germinated in low humified Sphagnum peat, no differences in the emergence of disease symptoms were observed among seed lots. The frequency of disease was lower in peat than in water agar. Soaking had no effect on disease emergence in germination trials on either water agar or in Sphagnum peat.     

Influence of herbicides and felling,fertilization, and prescribed fire on longleaf pine establishment and growth through six growing seasons

Recovery of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris P. Mill.) is necessary to arrest the decline of many associated plants and animals, and the establishment of longleaf pine on much of its original range requires artificial regeneration and diligence. In central Louisiana, USA, two fertilization levels (No [NF] or Yes [F-36 kg/ha N and 40 kg/ha P]) in combination with three vegetation treatments (check, two prescribed fires [PF], or multi-year vegetation control by herbicidal and mechanical means [IVM]) were applied to container-grown longleaf pine plantings in two studies. In Study 1 (grass dominated), 6-year-old longleaf pine survival was 52% on the F–checks, 78% on the F–PF plots, and averaged 93% on the other four treatment combinations. Longleaf pine trees on the IVM plots (3.4 m) were significantly taller than on the other two vegetation treatments, and trees on the PF plots (1.8 m) were taller than trees on the check plots (1.2 m). In Study 2 (brush dominated), survival averaged 65% across the six-treatment combinations after 6 years. The longleaf pine trees were 4.7 m tall on the IVM plots and averaged 3.9 m tall on the check and PF plots. Fertilization increased P concentrations in the soil and longleaf pine foliage, while fertilization did not significantly affect longleaf pine height growth. Native fertility was not apparently limiting longleaf pine development contrary to prior research recommendations for these soils. In both studies, the IVM treatment reduced early herbaceous competition and the number and height of arborescent plants. The PF treatment reduced arborescent plant height on the grassy site where fires were more intense than on the brushy site.     

金佛山方竹病虫害调查及防治技术研究

在研究金佛山方竹的生态和生物学特性基础上,介绍了金佛山方竹常见的病虫害种类及防治方法。     

肉桂双瓣卷蛾蛹和成虫雌、雄形态鉴别

肉桂双瓣卷蛾Polylopha cassiicola是一种严重危害肉桂Cinnamomum cassia和樟C. canphora的害虫。本研究在樟树梢上采集肉桂双瓣卷蛾幼虫,将其室内饲养至化蛹和成虫羽化,观察肉桂双瓣卷蛾蛹和成虫的形态特征。结果发现,雌蛹末端分节不明显,无瘤状突起,生殖孔和排泄孔距离较远;雄蛹在第9腹节有纵裂缝,裂缝较雌蛹长,且两边均呈半球形瘤状突起,生殖孔和排泄孔距离较近;雌蛾腹部末端饱满浑圆,腹部末端有对称黄色长毛簇;雄蛾腹部细长,尾部有整齐棕色短毛簇。以此为标准建立肉桂双瓣卷蛾蛹和成虫雌、雄形态鉴定方法,可准确辨别性比,可以为肉桂双瓣卷蛾种群动态预测和化学生态学研究开展提供参考。     

森林对坡面产流的影响研究

20世纪以来，森林与坡面产流的研究取得了长足进展，尤其在我国研究得比较深入与广泛。观测实验依然占绝对优势，径流小区实验仍是最广泛采用的方法。森林对坡面产流机制、坡面流态、产流量、产流过程、产流临界值都有影响，森林枯落物层对径流也有重要影响。坡面产流模型在森林水文学领域得到了应用。     

Growth,stem quality and nutritional status of Betula pendula and Betula pubescens in pure stands and mixtures

The growth, technical quality and nutritional status of pure and mixed silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) plantations were studied 21 and 22 years after planting on afforested organic soil arable land and on upland forest soil. In mixtures, 50% of both birch species was planted. Silver birch trees grew better, but had higher mortality than downy birch trees on both sites. Mortality of both species was highest, and the difference in their growth smallest, on organic soil. In pure stands on organic soil, downy birch dominant height, diameter and mean volume were 96%, 92% and 82% of those of silver birch and on mineral soil 87%, 84% and 60%, correspondingly. On mineral soil, silver birch had a higher mean annual increment (MAI) (5.8 m³ ha^?1a^?1) than downy birch (3.9 m³ ha^?1a^?1), but on organic soil the MAI of both species was similar (3.3–3.4 m³ ha^?1 a^?1). Planting birches in mixture did not affect the growth of the trees on organic soil. On mineral soil, the mean diameter and mean volume of silver birch trees were higher in mixed than in pure plantations. The technical stem quality of both tree species was low. On mineral soils, pure silver birch is more productive than mixture, but on peat soil the higher growth of silver birch could contribute to increased productivity and downy birch would ensure sufficient survival for future timber production.     

农林业可持续发展与环境问题探讨

环境保护走可持续发展之路，巳成为当今农林业和世界可持续发展领域的重要课题。可持续发展是环境保护的内在要求，而环境保护又是可持续发展的核心问题，二者相互关联。本文通过对开化县可持续农林业的现状分析，主要障碍因素分析，提出了提高对可持续农林业的认识和理解；加强农林业生态建设；大力推进科技进步；完善环保法规体系，加强依法保护的力度等主要对策。