基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术的急性热应激肉鸡血清物质代谢组学研究

本研究旨在运用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析急性热应激肉鸡血清物质代谢组学变化,鉴定出差异代谢物和差异代谢通路,从代谢组学层次揭示肉鸡急性热应激的营养物质代谢途径变化的发生机制。试验选择20只35日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机均分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只鸡。对照组按常规饲养标准温度饲养,热应激组于(32±1)℃下饲养,均持续12 h。翅下静脉采血2 m L,分离血清,经衍生化处理,运用GC-MS技术获得2组肉鸡血清代谢图谱,对试验收集的数据进行代谢物主成分分析和偏最小二乘法分析,鉴定差异代谢物并进行差异代谢通路富集分析。结果表明:利用GC-MS技术,在肉鸡血清中共检测到144种代谢物,筛选出30种差异代谢物[变量权重值(VIP)1,P0.05]。其中延胡索酸、羟丁酸、丙氨酸等14种代谢物含量上调[差异倍数(FC)1],草酸、苹果酸、二羟基丙酮等16种代谢物含量下调(FC1)。代谢通路富集分析表明机体三羧酸循环、半乳糖代谢、丙酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成等代谢通路发生显著改变(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,肉鸡发生急性热应激时血清代谢物和物质代谢途径发生显著改变。鉴定的30种差异代谢物和7种差异代谢通路可作为标志物用于揭示急性热应激的发病机理。     

不同饲养模式下滩羊血清代谢组学分析

为探究不同饲养模式下滩羊血清代谢通路及差异代谢物的变化，本试验选取24头9月龄体重为（30.12±3.23）kg、体况相似的去势滩羊，随机分为舍饲组和放牧组，3个月后颈静脉血采血进行非靶向代谢组学分析。结果显示：放牧组和舍饲组中共筛选出234个差异代谢物，其中143个差异代谢物上调，91个差异代谢物下调。通过富集分析得到49个代谢通路，根据富集程度及其与脂质相关性筛选出15个代谢通路，其主要参与机体核苷酸代谢、脂代谢、硒代谢和维生素代谢。综上，放牧饲养模式主要对滩羊的核苷酸代谢、脂代谢和维生素代谢产生影响从而对肉质起到调控作用，而舍饲饲养模式通过硒代谢来调控滩羊肉质。     

产双羔象雄半细毛羊血浆代谢特异表达模式分析

本研究采用非靶标代谢组学研究方法分别对乏情期和发情期产双羔和产单羔象雄半细毛羊血浆中代谢物的表达模式进行了研究。结果显示,在正离子模式下乏情期有72种代谢物在产双羔绵羊中出现了差异表达,发情期则有41种代谢物出现了差异表达,负离子模式下,则分别发现了44种和28种含量差异代谢物。偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS-DA）和聚类分析显示,无论是在乏情期还是发情期,产双羔母羊的血浆中代谢物的含量呈现出有别于产单羔羊的模式。KEGG富集分析显示,产双羔母羊特异表达的代谢物主要与氨基酸及脂类代谢途径相关。同时,研究还发现单磷酸尿苷、二氢叶酸、β-雌二醇、前列腺素、雌马酚等代谢物的含量在产双羔羊血浆中出现了明显的特异表达,其可作为产双羔羊候选标志物进一步研究。本研究结果表明产双羔象雄半细毛羊血浆中存在着特异的代谢物表达模式,相关数据能够促进藏绵羊的产双羔性状研究和利用工作。     

开食料中玉米加工方式对羔羊血清生化指标和瘤胃代谢组的影响

本试验旨在研究含不同加工方式玉米(粉碎玉米和蒸汽压片玉米)的2种开食料对羔羊血清生化指标和瘤胃代谢组的影响。选取24只体重相近的8日龄湖羊公羔24只，随机分为2组(每组12只),分别饲喂含粉碎玉米和蒸汽压片玉米的开食料。每组分别在断奶前(21日龄)、后(42日龄)随机选取6只羔羊，采血(每组6个样本)测定血清生化指标，随后屠宰收集瘤胃内容物(断奶前每组5个样本，断奶后每组6个样本),采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术进行代谢组学分析，并结合主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别分析，以变量投影重要度(VIP)>1.0、差异倍数(FC)>2或FC<0.5且P<0.05为标准筛选2组羔羊瘤胃内的差异代谢物，用KEGG数据库研究差异代谢物的功能和代谢通路，以P<0.05作为关键代谢通路的判别标准。结果显示：蒸汽压片玉米组羔羊血清中尿素氮和β-羟丁酸的浓度在断奶前、后均显著高于粉碎玉米组(P<0.05)。2组羔羊在断奶前、后共有862个代谢物发生显著变化(P<0.05),蒸汽压片玉米组分别有458(高于)和404个(低于)代谢物的相对浓度与粉碎玉米组显著不同(P<0...     

基于非靶向代谢组学分析放牧与舍饲条件下彭波半细毛羊代谢特征

放牧与舍饲环境下,因养分不同,会引起家畜相应生理机能和代谢机理变化。探究西藏彭波半细毛羊在两种环境下代谢通路的差异情况,为放牧条件下藏系绵羊合理补饲和全价舍饲养殖饲草配方提供可行的理论和方法。采用非靶向代谢组学方法,测定放牧与舍饲环境下彭波半细毛羊血清中代谢物的沉积量与变异关系,与人类代谢组学数据库(HMDB)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)数据库进行比对,找出与之相对应的代谢通路,并分析其原因。结果发现24种代谢物存在显著性差异(P0.05),其中放牧组血清沉积代谢物肌醇-1-磷酸盐、赖氨酸、非对称二甲基精氨酸、鸟氨酸-1,5-丙酰胺和鸟氨酸差异显著(P0.01);舍饲组血清沉积代谢物3-乙基苯酚、3-羟基丁酸、4-羟基脯氨酸和多聚谷胺酸差异显著(P0.01)。与24种显著代谢物关联的代谢通路有23种,两种模式存在8种显著差异的代谢通路(P0.05)。采用原始数据差异性、Holm-Bonferroni差异性、错误发现率(FDR)及通路拓扑等分析法,发现低蛋白饲料主要影响放牧组的缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成代谢通路,对精氨酸和鸟氨酸代谢通路也存在影响,即蛋白合成与机体信使传导受到阻滞。对舍饲组的丙酮酸代谢、糖酵解和糖质新生代谢通路产生影响,即能量饲料供应过剩。     

基于多组学与网络药理学探究淫羊藿对后备母猪发情的作用

旨在揭示淫羊藿对后备母猪发情的作用及其机理。本试验选择210～220日龄,体重(99.547±1.987)kg,发育成熟且符合配种条件的后备待配二元母猪32头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组16头母猪,每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上补充淫羊藿粗提物50 mg·d^-1。试验饲喂28 d。结果表明,试验组母猪发情提前,血清FSH、LH和E₂显著增加(P<0.05)。卵巢转录组结果表明,检测出477个上调差异mRNAs, 754个下调差异mRNAs。GO富集分析发现,差异的mRNA主要富集在运输囊泡、脂肪细胞分化、节律行为、发情周期等过程;KEGG富集分析发现,差异的mRNA主要富集在紧密连接、碳水化合物代谢、刺猬信号通路、GnRH分泌和PI3K-AKT信号通路等信号通路。卵巢代谢组结果表明共有1 616个代谢物上调,1 254个代谢物下调。KEGG富集分析表明,差异代谢物主要富集在α-亚麻酸代谢、ATP转运蛋白、亚油酸代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢、氨基苯甲酸盐降解、生物素代谢等通路。网络药理学分析结果表明淫羊藿作用...     

基于~1H-NMR技术的产后卵巢静止奶牛乳清和血清代谢谱分析

旨在应用代谢组学技术筛选产后卵巢静止奶牛乳清和血清的差异代谢物,明确其与奶牛卵巢静止的关系。本研究选取产后45～60 d的正常发情奶牛和卵巢静止奶牛各14头进行试验。应用一维氢谱核磁共振(~1H-NMR)技术对两组奶牛的乳清和血清进行检测,结合多元统计分析和单变量分析,筛选出组间差异代谢物,并进行生物信息学分析,阐明差异代谢物参与的代谢通路与奶牛卵巢静止的关系。结果表明,在乳清和血清中分别筛选出13种差异代谢物。与发情奶牛相比,卵巢静止奶牛乳清中6种差异代谢物含量升高:琥珀酸、磷酸肌酸、甘氨酸、肌醇、乙醇酸、乳清酸,7种下降:丙氨酸、肌酐、磷酸胆碱、乳糖、牛磺酸、半乳糖、葡萄糖-1-磷酸;血清中4种差异代谢物升高:β-羟丁酸、乙酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸,9种降低:丙氨酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、肌酐、磷酸胆碱、葡萄糖、肌醇、酪氨酸、组氨酸。两组奶牛乳清差异代谢物主要参与牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、半乳糖代谢、原代胆汁酸生物合成等。血清差异代谢物主要参与丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢、柠檬酸循环、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成等。本研究获得了卵巢静止奶牛乳清和血清的代谢谱及其差异代谢物,结果表明了主要的糖代谢、脂代谢和氨基酸代谢的异常途径在奶牛产后卵巢静止发生中所起的作用,为今后深入研究奶牛产后卵巢静止发生机制和防治策略提供了新的方向。     

基于LC-MS代谢组学的植物乳杆菌发酵黄芪的代谢产物分析

试验旨在利用色谱-质谱联用（liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer,LC-MS）代谢组学技术分析植物乳杆菌发酵黄芪的代谢产物,并探索其互作发酵机制。分别采取植物乳杆菌发酵黄芪（FT组）和未发酵黄芪固态粉末（CT组）,经样本前处理、LC-MS分析、生物学信息分析等探寻差异代谢物并分析代谢通路。结果显示,总离子流图峰图重现性良好,发酵黄芪主要代谢物共鉴定出183种代谢成分,正离子和负离子模式样品间关系PCA图均能良好区分。火山图分析表明,FT和CT组间的代谢物变化具有差异性,正离子模式上调的1 416个代谢物富集到83个代谢途径;下调的935个代谢物富集到83个代谢途径;负离子模式上调的1 040个代谢物富集到52个代谢途径,下调的809个代谢物富集到45个代谢途径。发酵黄芪差异代谢产物酸类、脂类、酮类等氨基酸显著增加,烯类等氨基酸显著下调,其中上调代谢物15个,下调代谢物2个,关键代谢产物主要为α-硫酸二乙酯、2-甲基柠檬酸、3-异丙烯基-6-氧代庚酸等,涉及到丙酮酸代谢、丙酸代谢、半乳糖代谢等途径。本研究结果为发酵黄芪的代谢产物、发酵互作机制和临床应用提供理论依据。     

母带犊牛与离母犊牛的血清代谢组学差异

本试验旨在比较母带犊牛和离母犊牛的血清代谢组学差异,为开发犊牛代乳粉提供方向。挑选8头健康且体重[（13.88±0.54） kg]接近的新生犊牛（牦牛■×犏牛♀）为母带犊牛组,犊牛随母哺乳;另外挑选8头体重[（13.75±0.82） kg]接近的新生犊牛（牦牛■×犏牛♀）为离母犊牛组,犊牛饲喂代乳粉。2组犊牛10 d后自由采食相同饲粮。试验期90 d。试验结束当天晨饲前对2组犊牛进行采血,采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-QTOF/MS）对血清样品进行代谢组学分析。以差异倍数（FC）、变量重要性投影（VIP）和t检验P值作为筛选依据,筛选标准为FC<0.5或FC>1.5、VIP>1和P<0.01。结果表明,共筛选出DL-3苯乳酸、D-山梨糖醇和橙皮素等共30个差异代谢物（FC<0.5或FC>1.5、VIP>1和P<0.01）。差异代谢物通路分析表明,与血清代谢物的改变最为相关的是D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢、牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸的代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢以及谷胱甘肽代谢5条代谢通路。离母犊牛血清中具有抑菌作...     

羔羊血清促细胞生长效果的研究

为研究羔羊血清促细胞生长的效果,用羔羊血清以及羔羊与新生牛混合血清来培养VERO、BHK-21细胞,同时培养SP2/0-Ag14细胞并进行计数。结果表明：羔羊血清促细胞生长效应明显低于新生牛血清,但是与牛血清以不同比例混合后,促细胞生长效应有明显的提高,比例在4∶6和5∶5时,促细胞生长能力与牛血清接近。因此,在细胞培养过程中,把羔羊血清和新生牛血清按1∶1混合使用,既可降低成本,又具有良好的促细胞生长效果,使羔羊血清得到了充分利用,并产生一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

Serum Metabolic Analysis of Antemortem Neonatal Goats Using the Approach of UPLC-MS/MS

This study aimed to explore the metabolic differences in sera of antemortem neonatal goats based on an epidemiological perspective. A case-control design was used to discover the metabolic differences in serum between the dead newborn goats suffered from a disease and healthy goats at the same age by using UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 13 compounds were significantly different between healthy and dead newborn goats. KEGG analysis showed that these differential produced metabolites mainly involved the synthesis and catabolism of amino acids. The differential produced metabolites in serum are important for us to understand the agonal reaction at the metabolic level when neonatal goats suffering from a disease. This study also provides an advanced research basis for the establishment of disease-related biomarkers for neonatal goats which may suffer from a disease.     

关中奶山羊睾丸不同发育阶段代谢物的差异分析

【目的】 试验旨在从代谢组学角度探究关中奶山羊睾丸发育代谢机制。【方法】 选择1月龄断奶雄性关中奶山羊和24月龄体成熟的雄性关中奶山羊各6只,采集睾丸组织,使用液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）技术对睾丸组织进行化学检测,通过多维和单维分析相结合的方式对两组不同代谢物进行化学检测、对比与鉴别,通过富集差异代谢物分析筛选关中奶山羊发育代谢中的潜在关键通路。【结果】 在1和24月龄关中奶山羊睾丸组织中共筛选出334个差异代谢物,其中显著上调137个,显著下调197个。对前36个差异代谢物进行比较鉴定发现,分别为脂质和类脂质分子、有机酸及其衍生物、未分类化合物和苯丙烷和聚酮化合物四大类。经相关性分析发现,在1和24月龄关中奶山羊睾丸发育过程中,脂质和类脂质分子与甘油磷脂呈最大正相关,羧基及其衍生物与甘油磷脂呈最大负相关。对不同的代谢物进行富集分析,筛选出7条潜在的重要代谢通路,分别为肿瘤中的胆碱代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、肿瘤中的中心碳代谢、铁死亡、谷胱甘肽代谢、氨酰-tRNA生物组成以及牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢。【结论】 本试验从代谢组学角度揭示了1和24月龄关中奶山羊睾丸的差异代谢物及代谢机制,为今后哺乳动物睾丸的发育研究奠定了基础。     

Fluorescence spectra and measurement of phylloerythrin (phytoporphyrin) in plasma from clinically healthy sheep, goats, cattle and horses

AIM: To measure the background concentration of phylloerythrin in plasma from clinically healthy sheep, goats, cattle and horses on pasture. METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 34 sheep of the Dala breed, 20 female Norwegian dairy goats, 35 Norwegian Red cows and 34 horses of different breeds. All animals were grazing green pasture when blood samples were taken. Blood samples were collected from each of four clinically healthy newborn lambs, goats, calves and foals, and pooled into one sample per species. Plasma samples were analysed for phylloerythrin by fluorescence spectroscopy, using a Perkin-Elmer LS-50B luminescence spectrometer equipped with a red-sensitive photomultiplier. The fluorescence spectra of phylloerythrin in plasma from the adult ruminants were compared with those in plasma from the neonatal ruminants, to which a known concentration of phylloerythrin had been added. RESULTS: Plasma obtained from the adult ruminants had spectral characteristics similar to those of phylloerythrin, namely weak emission peaks at 650 and 711 nm, when excited at 425 nm. Emission spectra obtained from plasma from the neonatal ruminants showed no fluorescence at these wavelengths. On average, 0.012 (SD 0.004), 0.06 (SD 0.04), and 0.05 (SD 0.03) micromol/l phylloerythrin were present in plasma samples from the sheep, goats, and cattle, respectively. The fluorescence spectra of plasma from the newborn foals were similar to spectra of plasma from adult horses, with weak emission at 669 nm. CONCLUSION: Small concentrations of phylloerythrin were detected in plasma from clinically healthy sheep, goats and cattle, but none could be detected in plasma from clinically healthy horses.     

Serum Metabolomics Analysis of Feline Mammary Carcinomas Based on LC-MS Techniques

The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation of differential metabolites in mammary carcinomas bearing cats and healthy cats, and to explore the relationship between differential metabolites and the occurrence of feline mammary carcinomas. In this study, 6 feline mammary carcinomas serum samples were selected as test (T) group. Meanwhile, 6 healthy cats with similar age and same breed were selected as control (C) group. Serum samples were detected by ultra-high performance liquid tandem chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Differential metabolites were screened by principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and Student's t-test. Then the hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was carried out for the screened differential metabolites. The KEGG annotation and the metabolic pathway of differential metabolites were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 159 differential metabolites were identified in the 2 groups. Compared with C group, 49 differential metabolites were down-regulated and 110 differential metabolites were up-regulated in T group. Finally, a total of 5 differential metabolites which closely related to feline mammary carcinomas were selected. Ergothioneine (EGT) and creatine in T group were down-regulated, while indolelactic acid (IAA), choline and uric acid were up-regulated compared to C group. These differential metabolites indicated that during the development of feline mammary carcinomas, the body changes involved multiple metabolic pathways, such as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. This study provides a new idea for further research of the pathogenesis of feline mammary carcinomas.     

基于LC-MS技术的患乳腺癌猫血清代谢组学分析

本试验旨在研究患乳腺癌猫与健康猫体内差异代谢物的变化情况,并探讨差异代谢物与猫乳腺癌发生之间的关系。本试验选取临床收集的经组织病理学确诊的猫乳腺癌血清样本6例作为试验组（T组）,同时选取年龄相似,品种相同的健康猫血清6例作为对照组（C组）。运用超高效液相色谱质谱联用技术（liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,LC-MS）对两组猫的血清样本进行检测,采用无监督的主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）及学生t检验（Student's t-test）筛选出差异代谢物,然后再对筛选出的差异代谢物进行层次聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis,HCA）,并进行差异代谢物的KEGG注释及差异代谢物的代谢通路分析。结果表明,在两组样本中共定性到159种差异代谢物。与C组相比,在T组中有49种差异代谢物出现下调,110种差异代谢物出现上调。最终共筛选出5种与猫乳腺癌发生发展密切相关的差异代谢产物。与C组相比,T组中麦角硫因（ergothioneine,EGT）和肌酸（creatine）出现下调,吲哚乙酸（indolelactic acid,IAA）、胆碱（choline）和尿酸（uric acid）出现上调。这些差异代谢物表明,在猫乳腺癌的发生过程中,机体变化涉及了甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、组氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢异常和甘油磷脂代谢等多个代谢途径,为今后深入研究猫乳腺癌的发病机制开辟了一个新的思路。     

Fluorescence spectra and measurement of phylloerythrin (phytoporphyrin) in plasma from clinically healthy sheep,goats, cattle and horses

AIM: To measure the background concentration of phylloerythrin in plasma from clinically healthy sheep, goats, cattle and horses on pasture.

METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 34 sheep of the Dala breed, 20 female Norwegian dairy goats, 35 Norwegian Red cows and 34 horses of different breeds. All animals were grazing green pasture when blood samples were taken. Blood samples were collected from each of four clinically healthy newborn lambs, goats, calves and foals, and pooled into one sample per species. Plasma samples were analysed for phylloerythrin by fluorescence spectroscopy, using a Perkin-Elmer LS-50B luminescence spectrometer equipped with a red-sensitive photo- multiplier. The fluorescence spectra of phylloerythrin in plasma from the adult ruminants were compared with those in plasma from the neonatal ruminants, to which a known concentration of phylloerythrin had been added.

RESULTS: Plasma obtained from the adult ruminants had spectral characteristics similar to those of phylloerythrin, namely weak emission peaks at 650 and 711 nm, when excited at 425 nm. Emission spectra obtained from plasma from the neonatal ruminants showed no fluorescence at these wavelengths. On average, 0.012 (SD 0.004), 0.06 (SD 0.04), and 0.05 (SD 0.03) μmol/l phylloerythrin were present in plasma samples from the sheep, goats, and cattle, respectively. The fluorescence spectra of plasma from the newborn foals were similar to spectra of plasma from adult horses, with weak emission at 669 nm.

CONCLUSION: Small concentrations of phylloerythrin were detected in plasma from clinically healthy sheep, goats and cattle, but none could be detected in plasma from clinically healthy horses.     

性别对杜陆猪肉品质及风味影响的代谢组学分析

试验旨在了解不同性别杜陆猪不同组织的代谢差异及这些代谢差异对肉品质和风味产生的影响，为性别因素对猪肉品质和风味研究方面的影响提供基础代谢依据。试验选取16头（公母各半）8月龄、体重相近的杜陆猪，采用气相色谱质谱联用技术（GC/MS）对公猪和母猪血液、肝脏、背最长肌组织代谢物进行非靶向代谢检测，并运用代谢组学分析技术进行代谢模式差异分析、差异代谢物筛选和差异代谢物代谢通路富集分析。结果表明，性别对杜陆猪血液、肝脏、背最长肌组织总体代谢模式有一定的影响；性别差异引起的血液和肝脏差异代谢物数量较多，背最长肌最少。公猪血液多数脂类差异代谢物浓度显著高于母猪（P<0.05），而肝脏则相反（P<0.05）。公猪血液和肝脏糖类差异代谢物浓度多数显著高于母猪（P<0.05），其中公猪血液2-十八烯酸单甘油酯、二十二酸、胆固酮、二氢胆固醇的含量均为母猪的1.5倍以上；公猪肝脏β-龙胆二糖的含量是母猪的29倍，L-犬尿氨酸的含量是母猪的11倍，L-酪氨酸的含量是母猪的3倍。杜陆公猪肝脏硫辛酸含量显著低于母猪（P<0.05），是母猪的50%。杜陆公猪、母猪血液和肝脏激素类、脂类、糖类、氨基酸类代谢通路均差异显著（P<0.05）。以上结果表明：杜陆猪血液、肝脏、背最长肌组织代谢物性别效应不同；杜陆猪血液和肝脏激素类、脂类、糖类、氨基酸类代谢通路均存在性别效应，但性别效应微弱。杜陆公猪血液、肝脏和背最长肌较高水平的脂类和糖类代谢物使其肉质和风味比母猪稍好。     

Serological changes in goats experimentally infected with Fasciola gigantica in Buea sub-division of S.W.P. Cameroon

Based on the recent increase in the rearing of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats in this environment, a study of biochemical parameters was carried out in healthy and infected goats to obtain baseline data for monitoring the health and productive indices in breeding programmes for the goats. The results revealed variations in some of the parameters studied. The serum minerals potassium, chlorine and bicarbonate did not show any significant differences (P>0.05) between the infected and control groups of goats, but there was a significant difference (P<0.0001) in sodium, calcium and urea levels. For serum lipids cholesterol and triglyceride, there were significant (P<0.0001) differences between the infected and control group. This goes same for serum proteins, albumin and total proteins. However, serum enzymes, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the infected and control groups. There was a significant difference (P<0.0001) in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) between the infected and control groups.     

云南地方云岭黑山羊和龙陵黄山羊生长及屠宰性能的研究

试验对成年云南地方云岭黑山羊和龙陵黄山羊的生长及屠宰性能进行研究。新出生的云岭黑山羊和龙陵黄山羊各16只用于本试验。试验山羊采用白天放牧、晚上补饲的半放牧饲养方式,补充饲料粗蛋白18.5%、代谢能12.5MJ/kg。饲养360d后,屠宰云岭黑山羊和龙陵黄山羊各8只。结果表明:虽然云岭黑山羊出生体重显著高于(P=0.03)龙陵黄山羊,但成年羊屠宰体重2品种差异不显著(P>0.05)。胴体品质和组成各项指标云岭黑山羊与龙陵黄山羊差异不显著。非胴体组织器官相对重量,云岭黑山羊除肠重比显著大于龙陵黄山羊外(P=0.03),其他指标2品种差异不显著。本试验表明,成年云岭黑山羊与龙陵黄山羊生长及屠宰性能相似,均具备培育肉用山羊的良好条件。     

Prevalence and mortality rate of peste des petitis ruminant (ppr): possible association with abortion in goat

Present study was designed to investigate the prevalence and mortality (%) caused by Peste des Petitis Ruminant (PPR) and its possible association with abortion in goat flocks at different areas of Pakistan. A total of 140 animals were samples in the population of 650 which was having 185 deaths (Mortality rate = 28 %) from three different regions of the country. There were 58 abortions in the 140 pregnant goats of above said population One hundred & ten (110) serum samples from diseased, recovered and apparently healthy animals were tested for the presence of PPR antibodies by competitive ELISA (c ELISA). Eighty-four (84) animals were positive for PPR antibodies whereas in apparently healthy adult goats in the same flock, no PPR antibodies were detected. Twenty-four (24) tissue samples collected from the dead animals and six samples from aborted fetus were tested for the presence of PPR antigen by Immuno-capture ELISA (Ic ELISA). Nineteen (19) out of thirty (30) organ samples mainly from lung, spleen, lymph node were found positive for PPR antigen but negative from lungs of aborted fetus. There was a high rate of abortions (28–45 %) in each of the outbreak and it was highest in the outbreak of Golra Sharif, Islamabad (No. = 21 in total population of 100). As the serum samples from the aborted dams were found positive for PPR antibodies so the study provides the possible association of mortality and prevalence of PPR disease with high rate of abortions in goat.