共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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江苏省茶园杂草发生规律调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
江苏省现有茶园面积20.4万亩,占全国的1.3%,年产茶叶1.37万吨,占全国的30%,平均亩产量83千克,高于全国平均数的1倍,居全国产茶省区的前列。大多数茶园分布在苏南丘陵地带,部分分布在平原地带,由于茶树性喜温暖湿润,因此凡适于茶树种植的地区杂草生长也十分旺盛,杂草与茶树争夺养分、水分和阳光,许多杂草还是茶树病虫害的中间寄 相似文献
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清水县麦田杂草发生情况调查初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
清水县麦田杂草有12科26种,其中双子叶杂草占61.5%,禾本科杂草占19.2%,蕨类杂草占19.3%。相对多度达10以上的麦田杂草依次为离蕊芥、麦瓶草、芥菜、雀麦、离子草、蚤缀、王不留行、播娘蒿、苦苣菜、狗尾草、夏至草等11种。其中离蕊芥、麦瓶草、芥菜的相对多度分别为55.3、36.89、和25.01,为麦田的优势种群。针对发生种类,应采取优化作物布局,提高栽培管理水平,合理使用除草剂,以达到综合除草效果。 相似文献
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以南宁市为中心,对柳州、北海、桂林、玉林和贺州6个广西主要城市的各类草坪杂草种类及发生规律开展了调查研究。结果表明:广西城市草坪共有杂草21科83种,其中优势杂草种类有19种,菊科、禾本科的优势杂草种类最多,分别占优势种群总数的31.6%和26.3%。向阳地生境草坪主要杂草种类为酢酱草和马唐,背阳地生境草坪主要杂草种类为圆果雀稗和空心莲子草,阴潮地生境草坪主要杂草种类为空心莲子草和水沙草。春季草坪主要杂草科为酢酱科和菊科,夏季草坪主要杂草科为禾本科和酢酱科,秋季草坪主要杂草科为禾本科和莎草科,冬季草坪主要杂草科为石竹科和十字花科。 相似文献
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江苏省镇江市麦田杂草发生情况调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了摸清江苏省镇江市麦田杂草种类、分布状况、出草规律、草相变化、防除情况等,通过倒"W"形九点取样法对镇江市麦田杂草进行了调查。调查结果显示镇江市麦田杂草有29科99种,日本看麦娘、菵草、猪殃殃、看麦娘、稻槎菜、硬草、繁缕、大巢菜、荠菜、涩荠、野老鹳草、牛繁缕、早熟禾为该地区主要危害性杂草,其中菵草、日本看麦娘、猪殃殃为麦田杂草群落优势种。不同地形区域杂草种类和优势种不同。镇江市麦田杂草由20世纪90年代初以看麦娘、日本看麦娘和猪殃殃等为主演变为以菵草、日本看麦娘、猪殃殃为主,稻槎菜、硬草、繁缕等发生较重。出草高峰集中在小麦播后15 d左右,具体到镇江来说11月底至12月上旬为杂草发生高峰期。针对镇江本地杂草发生情况,制定了以土壤封闭和茎叶处理相结合的防控技术方案。 相似文献
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Ian M. Heap 《Pest management science》1997,51(3):235-243
The 1995/6 International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds recorded 183 herbicide-resistant weed biotypes (124 different species) in 42 countries. The increase in the number of new herbicide-resistant weeds has remained relatively constant since 1978, at an average of nine new cases per year worldwide. Whilst 61 weed species have evolved resistance to triazine herbicides, this figure now only accounts for one-third of all documented herbicide-resistant biotypes. Triazine-resistant weeds have been controlled successfully in many countries by the use of alternative herbicides. Due to the economic importance of ALS and ACCase inhibitor herbicides worldwide, and the ease with which weeds have evolved resistance to them, it is likely that ALS and ACCase inhibitor-resistant weeds will present farmers with greater problems in the next five years than triazine-resistant weeds have caused in the past 25 years. Thirty-three weed species have evolved resistance to ALS-inhibitor herbicides in 11 countries. ALS-inhibitor-resistant weeds are most problematic in cereal, corn/soybean and rice production. Thirteen weed species have evolved resistance to ACCase inhibitors, also in 11 countries. ACCase inhibitor resistance in Lolium and Avena spp. threatens cereal production in Australia, Canada, Chile, France, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom and the USA. Fourteen weed species have evolved resistance to urea herbicides. Isoproturon-resistant Phalaris minor infesting wheat fields in North West India and chlorotoluron-resistant Alopecurus myosuroides in Europe are of significant economic importance. Although 27 weed species have evolved resistance to bipyridilium herbicides, and 14 weed species have evolved resistance to synthetic auxins, the area infested and the availability of alternative herbicides have kept their impact minimal. The lack of alternative herbicides to control weeds with multiple herbicide resistance, such as Lolium rigidum and Alopecurus myosuroides, makes these the most challenging resistance problems. The recent discovery of glyphosate-resistant Lolium rigidum in Australia is a timely reminder that sound herbicide-resistant management strategies will remain important after the widespread adoption of glyphosate-resistant crops. ©1997 SCI 相似文献
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水生蔬菜田杂草种类多,发生量大,具有明显的萌发高峰。由于受杂草的危害,水生蔬菜常表现为植株变矮、地下营养体变小,产量显著下降,品质变劣,经济效益大幅度降低。水生蔬菜田杂草的防除,宜采取“前期药除,中期水控,后期拔除”的防除策略。 相似文献
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青海省春油菜田杂草发生危害与防除技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
调查研究了青海省春油菜田主要杂草种类、危害损失及春油菜田野燕麦、Bian蓄、苣荬菜等杂草的发生特点和杂草群落演替趋势;试验筛选了近20种对春油菜田野燕麦和一年生阔叶杂草有较好防除效果的化学除草剂及混配剂。 相似文献
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云南省昭通市果园杂草发生及防除研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了控制果园杂草,于1995~2000年在果园内进行了大面积普查及定点调查,研究了苹果、柑桔等果园杂草的种类、分布、群落结构、优势种类。共查到杂草97种,鉴定出32科94种,其中15科25种为云南杂草新记录种。引进了4种除草剂进行了果园杂草防除试验,提出一套果园杂草的综合治理策略及杂草防除技术措施。 相似文献