荆豆凝集素-1受体在犬子宫内的分布与激素调节

采用组织化学方法对荆豆凝集素-1(ulex europaeus agglutinin-1,UEA-1)受体在发情周期和早期妊娠犬子宫内的分布以及激素调节进行了研究。结果显示,UEA-1受体主要存在于犬子宫内膜腔上皮和腺上皮,其表达量随妊娠阶段的不同而发生动态性变化。UEA-1受体在休情期犬子宫内未见表达,而在发情期犬子宫内膜腔上皮和腺上皮内的表达量很高。在早期妊娠犬子宫内,在妊娠第6天和12天犬子宫内的表达量较低,此后其表达量逐渐增加,在妊娠第17天时,UEA-1受体在子宫内膜腔上皮和腺上皮内的表达量达到峰值,此后其表达量又逐渐下降,在妊娠第23天时未见表达。注射雌激素可明显促进卵巢切除后犬子宫内膜UEA-1受体的表达。结果表明,犬子宫内UEA-1受体的分布与胚胎着床前胚胎与子宫内膜之间的黏附和植入有关,UEA-1受体在犬子宫内的表达受母体分泌的激素所调控。     

Trophoblast L-selectin-mediated adhesion at the maternal-fetal interface

Trophoblast adhesion to the uterine wall is the requisite first step of implantation and, subsequently, placentation. At the maternal-fetal interface, we investigated the expression of selectin adhesion systems that enable leukocyte capture from the bloodstream. On the maternal side, human uterine epithelial cells up-regulated selectin oligosaccharide-based ligands during the window of receptivity. On the fetal side, human trophoblasts expressed L-selectin. This ligand-receptor system was functional, because beads coated with the selectin ligand 6-sulfo sLe(x) bound to trophoblasts, and trophoblasts bound to ligand-expressing uterine luminal epithelium in tissue sections. These results suggest that trophoblast L-selectin mediates interactions with the uterus and that this adhesion mechanism may be critical to establishing human pregnancy.     

牦牛子宫基质细胞与上皮细胞的标记物

以妊娠前后的牦牛子宫为材料,应用免疫组织化学SP法,研究波形蛋白(Vimentin)、泛角蛋白(CKs)和角蛋白7(CK7)能否成为牦牛子宫内基质细胞和上皮细胞的特异标记物.结果表明,Vimentin可作为妊娠前后牦牛子宫基质细胞标记蛋白;CKs可标记妊娠前后牦牛子宫腺上皮、腔上皮细胞和妊娠早期尿囊内层细胞;CKs和C...     

外源性雌激素对小鼠子宫b-FGF和TGF-β1表达的影响

为探明雌激素对小鼠子宫碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(b-FGF)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)表达的影响,应用免疫组化染色观察雌激素对小鼠子宫b-FGF和TGF-β1表达的影响。结果表明,随着外源性雌激素的介入,子宫基质细胞中b-FGF和TGF-β1阳性着色反应增强,腺上皮则减弱。提示外源性雌激素对小鼠子宫不同类型细胞中b-FGF和TGF-β的表达有不同的调节作用,此调节可能参与小鼠胚泡着床过程。     

Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces a yeast substance that exhibits estrogenic activity in mammalian systems

Partially purified lipid extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain a substance that displaces tritiated estradiol from rat uterine cytosol estrogen receptors. The yeast product induces estrogenic bioresponses in mammalian systems as measured by induction of progesterone receptors in cultured MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and by a uterotrophic response and progesterone receptor induction after administration to ovariectomized mice. The findings raise the possibility that bakers' yeast may be a source of environmental estrogens.     

Intrauterine Foreign Body: Effect on Pregnancy in the Rat

A silk suture placed in the lumen of one uterine horn of rats before mating prevented pregnancy in that horn although normal implantation occurred in the unoperated horn. The suture did not interfere with fertilization or the tubal transport of ova, nor did it induce a decidual reaction; it appeared to prevent pregnancy by causing failure of implantation.     

采食水平对初产母猪妊娠早期孕酮分泌、胚胎存活及相关基因表达的影响

 【目的】研究采食水平对初产母猪妊娠早期孕酮分泌、胚胎存活和胚胎成纤维细胞生长因子受体-2 （FGFR2）、孕酮受体（PGR）及胚胎和子宫内膜视黄醇结合蛋白4（RBP4）、叶酸结合蛋白（FBP）、子宫转铁蛋白（UF）基因表达的影响。【方法】母猪配种后随机分到3个组,按2.0倍、1.2倍和0.6倍维持需要供给饲粮（分别为采食高、中、低水平）,妊娠12、25和35 d屠宰母猪,收集血清、子宫液和胚胎、子宫组织,运用ELISA测定血清和子宫液中孕酮浓度,用RT- PCR测定目的基因在胚胎和子宫内膜中的表达。【结果】妊娠12、25和35 d,血清孕酮浓度在采食高水平组极显著低于采食中、低水平组（P＜0.01）。子宫分泌液孕酮浓度在妊娠12 d,采食低水平组极显著高于采食高水平组（P＜0.01）,采食中水平组显著高于采食高水平组（P＜0.05）,妊娠25 d各组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。妊娠12 d采食中水平组的活胚数显著高于采食高水平组（P＜0.05）,采食高、低水平间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。妊娠各阶段,采食中水平组的胚胎FGFR2、RBP4以及子宫内膜RBP4、FBP、UF mRNA 的相对表达量显著升高（P＜0.05）。【结论】妊娠35 d,以中水平采食量饲喂初产母猪,具有较高的活胚数,采食高水平或者严重限饲,引起孕酮分泌过高或过低,降低胚胎FGFR2、RBP4及子宫内膜RBP4、FBP、UF mRNA的表达,降低活胚数。     

附植前后兔子宫和胚胎总蛋白含量的变化

附植前后哺乳动物子宫和胚胎能分泌多种妊娠相关蛋白，这些蛋白对妊娠的建立了维持十分重要，为了从生化角度进一步研究胚泡附植的机理，从分析附植前后兔子宫和胚胎总蛋白含量着手，探讨了非妊娠和受孕不同时期的子宫和胚胎总蛋白含量的变化，结果表明，非妊娠兔比妊娠兔子宫冲洗液总蛋白含量低，妊娠组中，胚泡附植前后随着妊娠时间的延长，子宫冲洗兴中蛋白质量逐渐增加，妊娠前4d，增加幅度不大，从第4d到第6d增加幅度增大，从妊娠第6d到第9d，蛋白质增加特别明显，对于妊娠第9d胚泡液，大胚泡（直径1cm左右）中胚泡液总蛋白含量高于小胚泡（直径0．5cm左右），说明囊胚直径可以作判断胚胎发育的一个比较胡切的指标。     

ICAM-1在妊娠早期和流产大鼠子宫中的表达和意义

采用免疫组织化学SP法检测了妊娠早期和流产大鼠子宫中ICAM-1的分布与表达。发现ICAM-1在各组大鼠子宫腔上皮、腺上皮、子宫基质或蜕膜、子宫肌层及部分血管内皮上均有表达。妊娠早期大鼠子宫基质、肌层和蜕膜细胞中ICAM-1的表达比发情期增加,且植入期和植入后期增加极显著（P〈0．01）,植入期较植入前期在以上部位中增加极显著（P〈0．01）,达到最高峰;植入后期肌层中ICAM-1的表达较植入期显著降低（P〈0．01）。流产大鼠蜕膜中ICAM-1的表达显著降低（P〈0．01）,但子宫含胎儿部分蜕膜上皮细胞中ICAM-1的表达较强。结果表明ICAM-1主要在植入期发挥作用,其在妊娠早期的异常表达可能与流产有关。     

Smad4在附植期绵羊子宫内膜的分布

为了检测转化生长因子β超家族蛋白共同的胞质内信号转导分子Smad4在绵羊胚胎附植期子宫内膜的分布,探索Smad4上游信号分子在绵羊胚胎附植过程的作用机制,于绵羊交配后12 dpc(12 day post coitus),16 dpc,20dpc,24 dpc,28 dpc,32 dpc解剖取材子宫组织与胚胎组织,应用免疫组织化学技术,研究了Smad4蛋白在子宫内膜的分布。结果显示,Smad4蛋白定位于子宫腺上皮和子宫腔面上皮细胞以及上皮下方的基质中。根据实验观察得出初步结论,Smad4表达于附植早期绵羊子宫内膜,子宫内膜组织有接受转化生长因子β超家族蛋白信号作用的能力,Smad4在介导胚胎附植到母体子宫内膜的过程中发挥作用。     

Study on Possible Associations Between SLA-types and Reproductive Hormone Levels in Sows

The levels of plasma luteinizing hormone(LHt)、 estrogen(E2) and progesterone(P4) were determined in one hundred and ninety-eight SLA-typed sows of Chinese lean-type dam-line(DVI). During the lactation, the levels of LH、E2 and P4 were Iow, which had no significant differences in different SLA-typed sows.E2 reached its peak at breeding day. LHt and P4 reached their peaks at 15th day of pregnancy. Compared with other SLA-typed sows, type-D had higher levels of E2 and P4 at breeding day, higher levels of P4 during early pregnancy, which favored the oestrus, breeding and pregnancy of sows.     

经产母猪的SLA分型与生殖激素水平分析

 对 1 98头 SLA分型的经产母猪进行了生殖激素测定 ,在母猪泌乳阶段 ,促黄体素( L H)、雌激素 ( E2 )和孕酮 ( P4 )的水平都最低 ,不同 SLA分型间的差异也不显著 ;在配种当天 ,雌激素分泌达到峰值 ;在怀孕 1 5d时 ,促黄体素和孕酮的分泌达到峰值。D型母猪在配种当天的雌激素和孕酮水平最高 ( P<0 .0 5) ,在怀孕前期的孕酮水平也显著高于其它类型的母猪 ,这有利于母猪的发情、配种和妊娠     

皖西白鹅产蛋期卵巢的显微与超微结构

[目的]探讨皖西白鹅产蛋期卵巢的组织学结构。[方法]应用光镜和透射电镜技术,观察皖西白鹅产蛋期卵巢形态学结构。[结果]皖西白鹅卵巢表面被覆生殖上皮,下方是白膜,其实质由皮质和髓质组成。皮质内含有不同发育阶段的卵泡和萎缩卵泡,大卵泡突出了卵巢表面,卵泡无卵泡腔,也无卵泡液,排卵后不形成黄体。电镜下,卵泡颗粒细胞胞质中有线粒体、内质网、脂滴、高尔基复合体等丰富的细胞器,并且这些细胞器随着卵泡的发育而逐渐增多。卵巢基质中有卵泡外膜细胞、间质细胞和空泡细胞3种细胞,前2种细胞胞质中有丰富的内质网,而空泡细胞胞质中脂滴较多。[结论]阐明了皖西白鹅产蛋期卵巢的显微结构与超微结构。     

梅花鹿的同期发情技术

于2000年9月9日，在吉林松花湖鹿场对30头东北梅花鹿分两试验群进行了同期发情试验，两试验群分别采用不同的试验药物进行处理，第一试验群（共14头）采用了18甲基炔诺酮埋植并配合PMSG、HCG和些二醇的处理方法，其中18甲基炔诺酮采用了高（80mg/头）和低（60mg/头）两剂量进行了对比试验；第二试验群（共16头）采用了PG两次处理同时配合PMSG和HCG的处理方法，其中PG也采用高（600μg/头），低（500μg/头）两剂量进行对比试验，通过试验，第一试验群中；18甲基炔诺酮高，低两剂量组的同期发情率分别为57.14%和0,其中18甲基炔诺酮高剂量组的双仔率为42.86%，产仔时间也较上一年有明显的缩短，平均缩短天数为23d,第二试验群中；PG高，低两剂量组的第一情期同期发情率分别为25%和14.2%，PG低剂量组产仔时间也比上一年缩短了21d。本次试验的两试验群的受胎率均为100%，表明同期发情试验所用药物对受胎无不良影响。     

梅花鹿同期发情技术的研究

对30头东北梅花鹿群分两试验群采用不同的试验药物进行处理：第一试验群（共14头）采用了18甲基炔诺酮埋植并配合PMSG、HCG和雌二醇的处理方法,其中18甲基炔诺酮采用了高（80mg/头）和低（60mg/头）两剂量进行了对比试验;第二试验群（共16头）采用了PG两次处理同时配合PMSG和HCG的处理方法,其中PG也采用高（600ug/头）、低（500ug/头）两剂量进行对比试验。通过试验,第一试验群中：18甲基炔诺酮高、低两剂量组的同期发情率分别为57.14%和0,其中18甲基炔诺酮高剂量组的双仔率为42.86%,产仔时间也较上一年有明显的缩短,平均缩短天数为23d。第二试验群中：PG高、低两剂量组的第一情期同期发情率分别为25%和14.2%,PG低剂量组产仔时间也比上一年缩短了21d。本次试验的两试验群的受胎率均为100%,表明同期发情试验所用药物对受胎无不良影响。     

Calcium carbonate concretions: cyclic occurrence in the hamster vagina

Three crystalline forms of calcium carbonate were identified in washings of the hamster vagina. Spherical concretions of vaterite and hexagonal concretions of calcite predominate on days 3 and 4 of the 4-day estrous cycle. Dumbbell-like concretions of aragonite predominate during pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. Each polymorph is associated with an acid-insoluble matrix. Concretions disappear after ovariectomy and reappear during daily injections of estrogen and progesterone.     

Copulatory behavior can inhibit pregnancy in female rats

If female rats received genital stimulation soon enough after their male partners had ejaculated, sperm transport and subsequent pregnancy were inhibited. Manual stimulation by the experimenter or five intromissions by a male rat were sufficient stimuli to reduce the number of sperm found in the uterus and to reduce the number of uterine implantation sites.     

热应激小鼠胚胎着床模型的建立

模拟夏季高温环境对孕鼠的应激作用,建立热应激影响昆明白小鼠胚胎着床的模型。试验设为对照组(23℃±2℃)、40℃和42℃应激组(小鼠妊娠1～4d,分别应激2h),比较观察妊娠5、6、7d小鼠胚胎着床数及子宫状况和产仔数。结果表明,与对照组相比40℃和42℃应激组妊娠5d(11.00±2.65、10.00±2.12vs15.00±1.58,P0.05)、6d(11.40±3.21、10.60±2.30vs 15.00±0.71,P0.05)、7d(11.00±2.55、11.00±1.58vs 15.60±1.67,P0.05)胚胎着床率显著下降,产仔数(8.60±1.14、8.40±1.82vs 11.40±1.82,P0.05)也显著下降;且相比对照组其着床位点均较少且分布失衡。40℃和42℃应激组之间无显著差异,以42℃应激组影响相对较大。可见,胚胎着床前孕鼠连续4d40℃、42℃应激2h,可显著影响小鼠的繁殖能力。42℃可作为影响小鼠胚胎着床的热应激模型。     

Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Bovine Reproductive Tract During Follicular and Luteal Phases

In order to improve reproduvtive efficieny and understand reproduvtive defense mechanism, the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body of bovine were used to detect the changes of inflammatory factors and the relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptor protein during estrous cycle by real-time PCR and Elisa method. The results showed that interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-1α(IL-1α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) were expressed in cow oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body. In the follicular phase and the luteal phase, m RNA expression of five inflammatory factors in the uterine horn and uterine body was higher than that in the oviduct. In the follicular phase, IL-10 was highly expressed in the uterine horn and uterine body, IL-4 was highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct. Additionally, in the luteal phase, IL-6 and IL-1β were highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct, and the highest expression of IL-1β was observed in the uterine horn. The levels of Estrogen Receptor(ERα) protein in the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body significantly increased in the follicular phase. The levels of Progesterone Receptor(PR) protein in the same portions of the reproductive tract in the luteal phase were significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. IL-4 and IL-10 in the cow reproductive tract might play a major role in the follicular phase, while IL-6 and IL-1β might play a major role in the luteal phase. The expression of five inflammatory factors was not directly regulated by ERα and PR.     

胎衣不下奶牛胎盘中孕酮和雌激素含量变化的研究

通过研究胎衣不下奶牛胎盘组织中孕酮和雌激素的含量变化,探讨了奶牛发生胎衣不下的内分泌学机制.将20头奶牛分为健康对照组和胎衣不下组,分别采集健康奶牛和胎衣不下奶牛的胎儿胎盘,制备胎盘组织匀浆液,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其中的孕酮和雌激素的含量.结果发现,胎衣不下组奶牛胎盘组织中的孕酮含量高于健康对照组奶牛,差异极显著(P<0.01);而雌激素含量低于健康对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01).表明胎盘组织中孕酮和雌激素的含量与奶牛胎衣不下的发生密切相关.