打造绿色产业链高科技为伊利护航

近日,由PHNIX集团和伊利集团利用PHNIX复叠式高温热泵技术、共同研制的＂牛奶制冷及余热回收系统＂已经通过鉴定,其中该系统的冷藏机组和热水机组在-20℃环温工况运行时能效比高达4.0,该系统将采集到的原奶作为热源,     

打造绿色产业链高科技为伊利护航

近日,由PHNIX集团和伊利集团利用PHNIX复叠式高温热泵技术、共同研制的＂牛奶制冷及余热回收系统＂已经通过鉴定,其中该系统的冷藏机组和热水机组在-20℃环温工况运行时能效比高达4.0,该系统将采集到的原奶作为热源,     

家用沼气-制冷循环综合利用系统及其效益分析

家用式沼气-制冷循环系统综合利用装置是把制冷、供暖、余热利用、尾气处理四个过程联合起来,利用沼气这种可再生能源来达到节能减排的目的。本文介绍了沼气-制冷循环系统的原理,对该系统进行了效益分析。结果表明,利用该系统装置会给用户带来一定的经济收入,可在一定程度上缓解温室效应。     

制冷机组发动机隔振仿真分析及机架结构优化

利用已建立的制冷机组发动机隔振系统动力学模型及其解耦分析,运用ADAMS10.0建立了发动机隔振系统现有支承和半解耦支承形式的仿真模型,并进行线性模态分析。分析表明：发动机现有支承存在严重的振动耦合;采用半解耦支承形式,其质心的动态响应显著减小,即X和Y方向的位移减至0.79811mm和1.6095mm,解决了发动机的振动耦合问题。运用I-DEAS8.0软件,对原机组的机架进行了振动模态分析和动态响应仿真分析,现有机架固有频率54.6Hz时发生整体变形,最大变形为1.08mm,原机架的整体动刚度差;通过对原机架的结构改进,使机架发生整体变形的固有频率提高到129.5Hz,机架最大变形减小为0.359mm,显著改善了机架的结构动态性能,提高了制冷机组的动态工作性能。     

太阳能空调制冷技术的实际应用

随着当今能源紧张、环境恶化问题在我国社会和经济发展过程中的不断显现,研究出没有CFCs问题存在的工业制冷模式、依托可循环利用能源作为其运转推动力的制冷性空调设备已逐渐获取全社会的普遍关注。文章阐述了日光能固体式吸附工艺的操作机理,讨论了日光能固体吸附型制冷工艺在制冷型空调设备中运用的现时状况、面临的问题和处理的手段,指出须持续加大日光能固体型吸附工艺在制冷式空调设备中的技术应用。     

制冷型压缩机异型工况运行的热力性能研究

制冷装置运行状态在具体操作过程中其工作表现是处于不断变化着的,基于压缩设备在变化型工作状态运行时其运作机理构架不能整体展示具体运行的复杂情况而导致控制精度不严格等问题,遵循变质量体系的热力学构想,利用机理研判及实验调配紧密结合的灰箱式手段,把操控模型内的重点参数给予多项式转化,确定制冷型压缩设备的重点热力学参数及热力学性能之间的运作模型框架及关联关系。理论衡算数据和实际测定数据的契合性很佳,表达了此定量间关系的实效性及精准性。     

混合动力车辆双层冷却系统设计

针对混合动力车辆的热源部件的工作温度特点,设计了具有高、低温双循环回路的冷却系统,将高温热源部件和低温热源部件分开.增大了高温冷却回路中冷却介质的温度.提高了冷却系统的散热效率.对散热器的热力学参数进行了设计计算.计算结果与所选风扇的性能试验数据对比表明:该双层冷却循环系统满足混合动力车辆的散热要求.     

基于GA-SVR的热源自适应茎流检测与调控系统研究

茎流测量是研究植物耗水规律的重要手段,现有茎流传感器多基于热平衡法进行设计,但在低温天气时,植物蒸腾作用不明显,茎流瞬时变化响应不灵敏,导致测量结果不精确。针对上述问题,设计了一种热源自适应茎流检测与调控系统。综合考虑不同因素下茎流消耗在热源提供能量占比中变化趋势的建模需求,设计融合外界温度、茎流速率、横截面积等多环境因子茎流标定嵌套试验。在此基础上,利用支持向量机回归算法(Support vector regression, SVR)和遗传算法(Genetic algorithm, GA),建立热源功率自适应模型。结果表明所建模型的最优决定系数与均方根误差分别为0.989和0.015 W。基于LoRa无线传感网络构建茎流检测与调控系统,实现多组温度信息和热源功率的监测,系统调用移植到嵌入式设备的热源自适应模型动态获取热源功率调控目标值,并发送至执行控制器,控制功率调控模块,实现热源自适应融合的功率动态控制。精度验证试验显示：在低温段时,本系统比FLOW-32KS型传感器平均相对误差小2.64(6℃)、2.53(11℃)、3.68个百分点(16℃)。在高温段时,自适应模型修正对结果影响...     

南京同立制冷空调设备制造有限公司

<正>大自然热量的搬运工谷物热泵热风机组(谷物烘干机配套热源)不燃烧,绿色零排放压缩机制热,能效比高达三倍以上,全自动运行,安全省时省力烘干成本低至燃油的1/4,当年收回投资额定制热功率:34kW额定制热量:120kW适用环境温度:5℃~40℃送风温度:35℃~65℃工作原理:通过电能驱动压缩机做功,吸收空气中的热量(左图上部),将热量释放并输送到烘干设备中(左图下部)。     

太阳能直接吸收式印染废水余热回收系统

印染厂污废水热量有较高的利用价值,本文针对现有的废水余热转换系统存在的问题,利用太阳能热源供能与余热梯级回收环节,设计了太阳能直接吸收式印染废水余热转换系统。该系统由污水换热系统、太阳能直接吸收式热泵系统和蒸汽加热系统组成。将太阳能集热器作为吸收式热泵中的发生器,直接利用光热作为吸收式热泵的热源驱动,提高了系统效率;同时利用污水换热系统和蒸汽加热系统实现梯级利用。该系统不仅回收了印染厂污废水的余热,而且充分利用了太阳能,可提供不同温度的热水供印染厂使用,节能减排效果显著。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。