国家应重视兽医和狠抓养殖业的生物安全

从动物疫病的形式诸如流行特点的变化,养殖模式对疫病流行的影响,病原体型与病型、新疾病、混合感染、人兽共患病的增多以及兽药生产流通使用的混乱等方面论述我国养殖业生物安全的现状,以及生态环境、药残超限等和动物产品的安全情况。同时,对养殖业生物安全应采取的对策提出建议,诸如重新认识兽医的重要性,改革现行的兽医行政体制,改革养殖业的生产经营模式,以及正视动物产品的安全性等方面。     

对我国养殖业生物安全现状的分析与对策

从动物疫病流行特点的变化,养殖模式对疫病流行的影响,病原体型与病型增多,新疾病增多,混合感染增多,人兽共患病增多以及兽药生产流通使用混乱等方面论述了我国养殖业生物安全的现状,以及生态环境、药残超限和动物产品的安全情况等。同时,对养殖业生物安全应采取的对策(重新认识兽医的重要性,改革现行的兽医行政体制,改革养殖业的生产经营模式)以及正视动物产品的安全性等方面提出建议。     

我国养殖业生物安全的现状与对策

论述了我国养殖业生物安全的现状 ,以及生态环境、药残超限和动物产品安全等状况。同时 ,对养殖业生物安全应采取的对策 ,诸如重新认识兽医的重要性 ,改革现行的兽医行政体制 ,改革养殖业的生产经营模式 ,以及正视动物产品的安全性等方面提出建议。     

提高生物安全意识促进保山市动物疫病防控工作

生物安全与动物疫病病原传入、扩散和疫情发生流行有着高度的关联性,提高养殖业生物安全水平,有效防控动物疫病,必须落实免疫、检疫、隔离、消毒、病死畜禽无害化处理等综合防疫措施。为探讨生物安全对保山市动物疫病防控的影响,在分析保山市畜禽养殖业生物安全现状及存在隐患的基础上,提出注重生物安全、提高疫病防控水平的对策和措施,为全市落实防疫措施、加强养殖业生物安全、控制动物疫病提供参考。     

《兽医公共卫生学》简介

由吉林大学人兽共患病研究所柳增善教授主编的高等学校教材《兽医公共卫生学》已于2010年1月由中国轻工业出版社出版,全书共7篇13章,定价68元。该书对兽医公共卫生学科框架给予了科学规范,特别是现代社会赋予兽医公共卫生新的社会职能作了简要阐述;对人兽共患病、动物性食品安全、动物疫病和食品安全风险评估、兽医实验室生物安全管理、生态环境与外来生物入侵、兽医在国家生物安全中的作用、进出口动物及产品检验检疫、     

征稿启事

正《中国动物保健》,国家级科普期刊,致力于中国兽医兽药临床实践的科普,成为中国兽医的交流平台,服务畜牧养殖业,传递有价值的畜牧兽医科技信息。稿件类别:兽医临床相关的技术与应用、实践案例动物防疫、生物安全、健康养殖的新理念、新技术、新方法的科学普及动物疫病流行情况     

兽医实验室生物安全管理问题分析

众所周知,兽医生物安全实验室的主要工作就是对动物疫病进行检测、诊断和深入研究,因此,兽医实验室的统一与规范管理具有重要的现实意义。如果生物安全管理工作不到位,就很容易增加实验室工作人员感染疫病的几率,甚至会导致病原外泄或者引发流行疫病等。由此可见,农业部门应当在规范管理内容中融入兽医生物安全实验室的工作范畴,实现合理地布局与统筹安排。     

我国兽医防疫管理体制现状及其对策分析

随着国民对肉蛋奶类产品需求的上升,我国的养殖业也不断地发展扩大。与此同时,动物疫病也在大范围地流行,动物疫病的大范围流行不仅对国民的健康产生不利影响,还给社会带来了一系列的问题。所以说对动物疫病的预防以及控制应该是当前兽医管理防疫的工作重心。当然,我国的养殖业要想健康发展,就必须对动物疫病进行严格的防控管理。     

畜牧业产业链的科技信息服务平台 征稿启事

<正>《中国动物保健》,国家级科普期刊,致力于中国兽医兽药临床实践的科普,成为中国兽医的交流平台,服务畜牧养殖业,传递有价值的畜牧兽医科技信息。稿件类别:兽医临床相关的技术与应用、实践案例动物防疫、生物安全、健康养殖的新理念、新技术、新方法的科学普及动物疫病流行情况     

征稿启事

<正>《中国动物保健》,国家级科普期刊,致力于中国兽医兽药临床实践的科普,成为中国兽医的交流平台,服务畜牧养殖业,传递有价值的畜牧兽医科技信息。稿件类别:兽医临床相关的技术与应用、实践案例动物防疫、生物安全、健康养殖的新理念、新技术、新方法的科学普及动物疫病流行情况     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.