不同饲喂方式对南方奶牛产奶性能、养分消化和代谢的影响

研究了具有南方奶牛日粮类型特征的相同精粗比日粮的不同饲喂方式对奶牛的采食行为、产奶性能、全肠道养分表观消化率和血清代谢产物的影响.选用体重相近的12头荷斯坦奶牛,采用单因子设计,根据产奶量、胎次及泌乳天数随机分为2组(n=6),分别为精粗分饲组(SI)和全混合日粮组(TMR),精饲料:粗饲料均为50:50.试验结果表明:奶牛采食量无差异,在相同精粗比日粮下,TMR饲养技术极显著减少了奶牛的采食时间(P<0.01),显著增加了反刍时间(P<0.05),TMR组奶牛的乳脂率、4%标准奶产量、乳脂产量、乳糖产量和乳固形物产量分别比SI组显著提高11.20%、11.60%、17.50%、13.21%和9.86%(P<0.05),但对奶牛咀嚼行为、全肠道养分表观消化率和血清代谢产物影响不显著(P>0.05).在南方奶牛典型日粮采用TMR饲养技术时,与精粗分饲相比,可提高奶牛的产奶性能,但对奶牛的采食量、咀嚼行为、全肠道养分表观消化率和血清代谢产物没有显著影响.     

裹包全混合日粮中添加双乙酸钠对奶牛生产性能及消化特性的影响

本试验旨在研究裹包全混合日粮(TMR)中添加双乙酸钠对奶牛生产性能及消化特性的影响.试验选用30头产奶量、胎次、泌乳天数相近的荷斯坦奶牛采用完全随机试验设计,分成3组,每组10头,分别为精粗分开饲喂组(SI)、裹包全混合日粮组(bTMR)和裹包TMR中添加双乙酸钠组(SDA),日粮精粗比均为50:50.试验期10周.试验结果表明,与SI组相比裹包TMR饲喂奶牛极显著提高奶牛干物质采食量、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质的表现消化率(P<0.01),产奶量、4%标准乳、干物质和有机物的表现消化率也有所提高(P>0.05).裹包TMK中添加SDA组奶牛乳脂率、乳脂产量显著提高(P<0.05),乳糖含量也较SI组显著提高(P<0.05),粗脂肪、粗蛋白质的表观消化率和4%标准乳也极显著提高(P<0.01).与精粗分开饲喂方式相比,采用裹包TMR饲喂奶牛可提高奶牛的产奶性能和日粮养分表现消化率,且在裹包TMR中添加双乙酸钠可显著提高乳脂率和乳脂产量(P<0.05).     

橘皮渣对奶牛产奶性能和养分表观消化率的影响

选用12头奶牛随机分成2组，研究添加橘皮渣对奶牛产奶性能的影响。结果表明：添加橘皮渣可极显著提高奶牛的4%标准奶产量、乳脂率、乳固形物率、乳脂产量和乳固形物产量(P<0.01)，并可改善乳营养成分和提高全混合日粮养分表观消化率。     

全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂技术对奶牛产奶性能及饲料消化率的影响

文章旨在研究全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂技术对奶牛产奶性能及饲料消化率的影响。试验将100头体重相近、健康状况良好，平均干乳期40 d的奶牛随机分为两组，每组5个重复，每个重复10头。对照组奶牛采用精粗分饲的方法，先粗后精，试验组采取全混合日粮饲喂技术，将精饲料和粗饲料充分混合搅拌后饲喂奶牛。预饲期10 d，正试期100 d。结果发现，与对照组相比，试验组奶牛的产奶量在前40 d均无显著变化（P> 0.05），在60～100 d，试验组奶牛的产奶量均显著高于对照组（P <0.05）；试验组奶牛的末重、平均日增重及平均日采食量显著增加（P <0.05），料重比显著降低（P <0.05）；试验组奶牛的干物质、脂肪及能量的表观消化率均显著增加（P <0.05）。总的来讲，相对于传统的精粗分饲的饲喂模式，全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂模式在改善奶牛生长消化及产奶等方面发挥了极大优势，应用推广全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂技术替代传统饲喂技术必将成为我国奶牛集约化养殖的趋势。     

裹包TMR饲喂对泌乳中期奶牛生产性能、养分表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响

为了研究裹包全混合日粮(TMR)饲喂方式对泌乳奶牛生产性能、养分表观消化率和血液指标的影响,本试验选择24头泌乳天数为(124±20)d的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为2个处理组,进行为期10周的饲养试验。对照组采用传统的精粗分开饲喂方式,试验组采用裹包TMR饲喂方式,精粗分开饲喂组和裹包TMR饲喂组的日粮配方组成和比例均相同,日粮精料比例为50∶50,裹包TMR水分含量调整为50%。结果表明,1)饲喂裹包TMR,可以显著增加干物质采食量(P<0.05),提高产奶量7.69%并提高3.5%标准乳产量5.20%(P>0.05);2)裹包TMR饲喂方式与精粗分开饲喂方式对乳成分含量和产量的影响差异不显著;3)裹包TMR饲喂可以显著提高粗蛋白和粗脂肪的表观消化率(P<0.05),干物质消化率有提高的趋势(P<0.1);4)裹包TMR饲喂显著降低了血清中尿素氮的含量(P<0.05),但对其他血液指标影响2组间差异不显著。裹包TMR技术可以作为一种有效的全混合日粮供给方式,可在我国中小规模奶牛养殖场和个体养殖户中推荐使用,以期提高奶牛生产性能和综合收益。     

全混合日粮对奶牛生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响

实验研究了不同精粗比全混合日粮对奶牛生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响。实验选用了30头奶牛,根据产奶量、泌乳天数和胎次相近的原则分为5组。试验结果表明,随着全混合日粮中精料比例的增加,奶牛产奶量、4%标准乳产奶量、乳蛋白率、乳糖量、乳固形物产量和乳非脂固形物产量可显著提高(P<0.05),日粮养分中除粗脂肪外,其余各养分的表观消化率均随着日粮精料比例的增加而增加(P<0.05)。     

不同粗饲料组合混合日粮对奶牛泌乳性能的影响

本试验通过给奶牛饲喂不同粗饲料组合的TMR日粮,探讨日粮中不同粗饲料组合对奶牛泌乳性能的影响.结果表明,日粮鲜重的精粗比从30∶70提高到40∶60后,奶牛的干物质采食量有显著地增加（P＜0.05）.随着精料比例增加,其能量水平、蛋白含量和乳蛋白率增加.同时,蛋白含量和产奶量都有所提高.在试验二组中用青贮代替了全贮,提高了奶牛的采食量和泌乳性能.说明,奶牛全混合日粮（TMR）可以提高日粮养分表观消化率、产奶量和改善乳蛋白质水平.青贮饲料的蛋白质的降解和利用更容易被瘤胃微生物降解和吸收,从而提高奶牛的泌乳性能,取得较高的经济效益.     

TMR不同精粗比例对中产奶牛碳水化合物消化的影响

以40头中等产奶量的荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,应用随机分组试验设计将试验动物分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组,日粮精粗比例依次为50%:50%,40%:60%,35%:65%,30%:70%。研究TMR不同精粗比例对奶牛碳水化合物消化的影响,结果表明:随着粗饲料比例增加,CF、NFE、NDF和ADF表观消化率均呈先增加后降低趋势;其中试验Ⅱ组CF表观消化率显著(P<0.05)高于试验Ⅰ组,试验Ⅲ组极显著(P<0.01)高于试验Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组;试验Ⅲ组NDF表观消化率最高,并显著(P<0.05)高于试验Ⅳ组;试验Ⅱ的ADF表观消化率组较高,但各组间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。通过比较发现,当TMR日粮中粗饲料比例在60%~65%时各试验组CF、NDF、ADF和NFE表观消化率均较高,即碳水化合物消化利用最充分。因此,TMR的精粗比例为(40%:60%)~(35%:65%)是中产奶牛TMR较适宜的比例。     

青贮绿豆叶对奶牛采食量、养分消化及乳成分的影响

文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的青贮绿豆叶对泌乳期奶牛采食量、养分消化、乳成分及血液代谢物的影响。试验将平均泌乳量为（6.47±0.68）kg的24头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复1头牛。对照组与处理组分别饲喂青贮绿豆叶水平为0、5%、10%和15%的浓缩料，整个10周的饲养试验期间，各组均自由采食水稻秸秆。结果：10%和15%青贮绿豆叶组奶牛的水稻秸秆采食量较对照组分别显著提高10.36%和11.01%（P＜0.05），10%青贮绿豆叶组奶牛总可消化养分摄入量较对照组显著提高15.74%（P＜0.05）。对照组奶牛中性洗涤纤维表观消化率较10%青贮绿豆叶组显著降低7.54%（P＜0.05），同时该组酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率较10%和15%青贮绿豆叶组分别显著降低9.81%和10.32%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比，10%和15%青贮绿豆叶组乳脂肪产量分别显著提高5.63%和5.18%（P＜0.05）。日粮添加不同水平的青贮绿豆叶对奶牛血液代谢物浓度的影响无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论：浓缩料中青贮绿豆叶添加水平为10%时可以提高泌乳期奶牛水稻秸秆采食量和总可消化养分的摄入量及纤维消化率，提高乳脂肪产量。 [关键词]绿豆叶|奶牛|采食量|养分消化|乳成分     

植物添加剂对干乳期奶牛消化、瘤胃发酵及血液代谢物的影响

文章旨在评估全混合日粮添加不同植物添加剂对干乳期奶牛采食、消化、瘤胃发酵及血液代谢物浓度的影响。试验将72头处于干乳期的荷斯坦奶牛随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头,试验为期6周。各组奶牛分别饲喂基础全混合日粮、基础全混合日粮+100 mg/kg大蒜素及基础全混合日粮+100 mg/kg柠檬醛。结果：与对照组相比,大蒜素和柠檬醛组奶牛的干物质表观消化率显著提高3.31%和2.92%（P＜0.05）,而中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著提高6.06%和7.27%（P＜0.05）。对照组和大蒜素组奶牛采食前瘤胃乙酸与丙酸比值较柠檬醛组分别显著提高2.53%和3.25%（P＜0.05）,而大蒜素组奶牛采食后4 h乙酸与丙酸比值较对照组和柠檬醛组分别显著提高4.42%和4.00%（P＜0.05）。对照组奶牛采食后4 h血液尿素氮浓度较大蒜素和柠檬醛组分别显著提高12.00%和16.10%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本研究条件下,全混合日粮补充100 mg/kg大蒜素或柠檬醛可以显著提高干物质中性洗涤纤维表观消化率,降低血清尿素氮浓度。 [关键词]植物添加剂|干乳期|奶牛|瘤胃发酵|血液代谢物     

Milk production,nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam‐flaked brown rice as substitute for steam‐flaked corn,and wet food by‐products

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substituting brown rice grain for corn grain in total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing food by‐products on the milk production, whole‐tract nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in dairy cows. Six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with two dietary treatments: a diet containing 30.9% steam‐flaked corn (corn TMR) or 30.9% steam‐flaked brown rice (rice TMR) with wet soybean curd residue and wet soy sauce cake. Dietary treatment did not affect the dry matter intake, milk yield and compositions in dairy cows. The dry matter and starch digestibility were higher, and the neutral detergent fiber digestibility was lower for rice TMR than for corn TMR. The urinary nitrogen (N) excretion as a proportion of the N intake was lower for rice TMR than for corn TMR with no dietary effect on N secretion in milk and fecal N excretion. These results indicated that the replacement of corn with brown rice in TMR silage relatively reduced urinary N loss without adverse effects on feed intake and milk production, when food by‐products such as soybean curd residue were included in the TMR silage as dietary crude protein sources.     

Sugar beet mash silage as a component of a total-mixed-ration for dairy cows--effects on parameters of digestion and animal performance.

Sugar beet mash silage (BMS) was offered in amounts up to 35% of DM to dairy cows as a component of a total-mixed-ration (TMR). Barley and molasses in the control ration were replaced by BMS half in ration BMS 1/2 and in total in ration BMS 1/1 on the basis of the calculated contents of net energy for lactation. Two trials were carried out. In trial I each ration was tested on parameters of rumen fermentation and digestibility of crude nutrients using 4 Holstein cows with rumen fistula. Chewing activity was tested on 2 Holstein cows for each ration. With the BMS rations the ruminal NH3 concentration was lower and the drop in pH was less than in the control ration. The pattern of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid from the BMS groups tended towards more propionic and butyric acid. The feeding of BMS showed no negative impact on chewing and rumination. Energy digestibility raised significantly from 59.8% in the control ration to 72.6% in the BMS 1/1 ration. In trial II the same rations were fed in a change-overdesign to a herd of 24 Holstein cows to test feed intake and animal performance. The results showed no significant effects of BMS rations on DM intake and milk production. The results of both trials indicate that even high amounts of cereals can be replaced by BMS without negative effects on rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition with slight drop in fat content. For a better handling of BMS, it is of advantage to include it in a TMR.     

Studies on the use of lucerne silage source for high-milk-producing dairy cows

Studies on the use of lucerne silage as a forage source for high-yielding dairy cows. It was the main objective of this study to investigate effects of lucerne silage inclusion in maize silage-based rations on dry matter intake, milk yield and metabolic parameters of high yielding dairy cows. Three total mixed rations (TMR) were used. They contained as the main forage source on a dry matter basis 41.5% maize silage and 12% grass silage (ration maize) or 18% maize silage and 29% of either grass silage (ration grass) or lucerne silage (ration lucerne). Organic matter digestibility, determined with wether sheep, was 77 and 65% for the grass and the lucerne silage, respectively. Each TMR was fed to 4 wether sheep to determine crude nutrient digestibilities. The content of net energy for lactation (NEL), as calculated from digestible crude nutrients, was (MJ/kg dry matter (DM)): 7.1 (maize), 7.2 (grass) and 6.8 (lucerne). Based on the results of a chemical fractionation of crude protein it was calculated that the content of utilisable crude protein (nXP) was not below 167 g/kg DM and that the N balance in the rumen was not negative for all 3 TMR. The TMR were fed for 169 days to at least 28 dairy cows per treatment which were in their first half of lactation. Feed intake, milk performance data and physiological indicators were measured for each individual cow. The DM intake was significantly higher in treatment lucerne (23.2 kg/d) than in treatments grass (21.2 kg/d) and maize (22.6 kg/d). Daily intakes of NEL and nXP were significantly lower in treatment grass than in the other two treatments. Milk yield was significantly higher in treatment maize (41.7 kg/d) than in treatments grass (37.3 kg/d) and lucerne (38.5 kg/d). This was associated with a significantly lower milk fat content in treatment maize (3.5%) in comparison with the other two treatments (3.9% each). Milk protein content was unaffected by treatment (3.4% on average). Similarly, the acetone content of milk was not significantly different between treatments. The beta-hydroxybutyrate content of the deproteinized blood was significantly higher in treatment lucerne at start of lactation, but this difference disappeared in subsequent parts of the experimental period. Measurements of back fat thickness indicated mobilisation and retention of energy by cows during the experimental period to be similar in all treatments. It is concluded that lucerne silage is a suitable forage source for high yielding dairy cows in spite of its low digestibility.     

Effect of replacing corn with brown rice grain in a total mixed ration silage on milk production,ruminal fermentation and nitrogen balance in lactating dairy cows

Nine multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to determine the effects of substituting corn grain with brown rice (BR) grain in total mixed ration (TMR) silage on milk yield, ruminal fermentation and nitrogen (N) balance. The TMR silages were made from the ensiling of TMR containing (dry matter basis) 50.1% forage in rice silage and corn silage combination, and 49.9% concentrate. The grain portion of the diets contained 31.2% steam‐flaked corn, 31.2% steam‐flaked BR or an equal mixture of corn and BR. Dietary treatments did not affect dry matter intake, milk yield and milk fat, protein and lactose yields. The ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were not affected by dietary treatment. The urinary N excretion decreased linearly (P < 0.01) in response to increased levels of BR, with no dietary effect on N intake, N secretion in milk and fecal N excretion. Our results indicate that steam‐flaked BR is a suitable replacement for steam‐flaked corn in dairy cow diets, and that it can be included in rations to a level of at least 31.2% of dry matter without adverse effects on milk production, when cows were fed rice silage and corn silage‐based diets.     

Effects of inclusion of graded amounts of soya bean hulls on feed intake,chewing activity and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows

Twelve multiparous Holstein dairy cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square changeover design to evaluate the effects of graded inclusion of soya bean hulls (SHs) in replacement of diet forages at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of dietary dry matter (DM) basis on peNDF > 8 and peNDF > 1.18 contents of diets and their resulting effects on chewing activity, nutrient digestibility and milk production of dairy cattle. The control diet contained 50% forage, 50% concentrate and no SH. In the other three diets, SH was substituted for alfalfa hay, corn silage and wheat bran to supply 10%, 20% and 30% of the dietary DM. Increasing SH concentration in the diets resulted in decreasing concentrations of forage neutral detergent fibre (NDF), physically effective NDF (peNDF) and mean particle size (p < 0.01). Chewing activity per kilogram of daily dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected by the different diets tested. However, chewing activity significantly decreased for kilogram intake of NDF, but increased for peNDF > 1.18 when SH was included in the diets (p < 0.01). Total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients significantly increased for DM, organic matter (p < 0.05) and NDF (p < 0.01) but decreased for crude protein (p < 0.05) as the proportion of SH was increased in the diets. Rumen pH value of cattle was not influenced by the diets. Including medium and high amounts of SH in the diets decreased DMI of the animals (p < 0.05) without any significant effect on their daily milk or 4% fat‐corrected milk production. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the NDF from a non‐forage fibre source like SH had a lower potential for stimulating chewing activity than did forage NDF. Despite this, the small size of dietary particles increased not only the chewing activity per kilogram of peNDF intake but also saliva secretion as well as the potential for rumen to neutralize acids. The findings of this study demonstrate the greater differences in peNDF > 8 among the diets and that these differences are better reflected in terms of DMI, chewing activity and nutrient digestibility, but not in rumen pH.     

The Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Whole Sugarcane for Dairy Cows and Its Application in Substituting Alfalfa,Oat Hay and Concentrate in Dairy Cows' Diets

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the rumen degradation characteristics of whole sugarcane of dairy cows and its effects of using it replacing alfalfa, oat hay and concentrates in dairy cows' diet on the rumen fermentation, nutrient apparent digestibility, blood biochemical indexes and production performance of dairy cows, in order to open up new ways to replace the increasing prices feedstuff such as alfalfa, oat hay and concentrate in dairy cows' diets with whole sugarcane. In experiment one, the in-situ test, namely the rumen nylon bag test was used to investigate the rumen degradation characteristics of various nutrients of whole sugarcane, leymus chinensis and alfalfa. Experiment two was in vivo test,repeat 3 ⅹ 3 Latin square design was conducted and Holstein dairy cows with similar body weight, parities and milk yield and permanent rumen fistula were chosen to investigate the effect of using whole sugarcane replacing 25% or 50% of imported alfalfa from the Unites States in dairy cows' diet on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics and blood biochemical indexes of dairy cows. In experiment three, 60 Holstein dairy cows with similar parity, milk yield and milk in lactation were selected to perform production test, which aimed to explore the effects of using whole sugarcane replacing 30% alfalfa hay, 50% oat hay or 10% concentrate on the production performance, blood biochemical indexes of dairy cows and the economic benefits of dairy farms. The results showed that：1) The effective degradation rates of dry matter (DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of whole sugarcane were significantly higher than leymus chinensis (P<0.05), and the effective degradation rates of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and organic matter (OM) were significantly higher than leymus chinensis and alfalfa (P<0.05). 2) There was no significant effect on rumen pH, NH₃-N (except 25% group at the 4 h time point) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations of dairy cows when using 25% and 50% whole sugarcane to replace imported alfalfa from the Unites States in the diet. There was also no significant effect on DMI and digestibility of DM, CP, OM and ADF, while the digestibility of NDF in the 50% group was significantly increased (P<0.05). In 50% group, the content of serum urea nitrogen in 2 and 8 h was significantly lower than 25% group and control group (P<0.05) and there was no significant difference in the blood content of β-hydroxybutyric acid, rumen VFA and total VFA in each group at different time points. 3) After using 50%, 30% and 10% of whole sugarcane to replace oat hay, alfalfa hay and concentrate, respectively, no significant difference was detected in blood glucose, urea nitrogen, β-hydroxybutyric acid, the esterification of fatty acid (NEFA), and milk yield. Besides, combined with milk yield and feed cost, the economic benefits of each cow in the substitution groups increased by 3.28, 7.48 and 1.62 yuan per day. respectively, compared with control group. It can be seen that the whole sugarcane is a kind of high-quality roughage that can be used by dairy cows with high digestibility, and using it to replace 25% or 50% of imported alfalfa from the Unites States in dairy cows' diet does not affect the rumen fermentation characteristics and rumen apparent digestibility of nutrients of dairy cows. And using whole sugarcane replacing 30% alfalfa hay, 50% oat hay or 10% concentrate will not affect the blood biochemical indicators and production performance of dairy cows, and will also increase the economic benefits of the dairy farm.     

全株甘蔗的奶牛瘤胃降解特性及其替代奶牛饲粮苜蓿、燕麦草及精料的应用研究

本试验旨在探究全株甘蔗的奶牛瘤胃降解特性及其替代奶牛饲粮中苜蓿、燕麦草及精料对奶牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率、血液生化指标及生产性能的影响,为其替代奶牛饲粮中价格日益攀升的苜蓿和精饲料,并用作奶牛粗饲料资源开辟新途径。试验一采用半体内试验即瘤胃尼龙袋技术,探究了全株甘蔗、国产羊草与国产苜蓿各营养成分的瘤胃降解特性;试验二采用重复3×3拉丁方试验设计,选择体重、胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相近并装有永久瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛进行消化试验,探究全株甘蔗替代饲粮25%或50%的美国进口苜蓿对奶牛营养物质消化率、瘤胃发酵特性和血液生化指标的影响;试验三选取60头胎次、产奶量和泌乳天数相近的荷斯坦奶牛进行生产试验,探究了全株甘蔗分别替代饲粮30%苜蓿干草、50%燕麦草或10%精料对奶牛生产性能、血液生化指标和牧场经济效益的影响。结果发现：1）全株甘蔗干物质（DM）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的有效降解率显著高于国产羊草（P<0.05）,中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和有机物（OM）的有效降解率显著高于国产羊草和国产苜蓿（P<0.05）。2）用全株甘蔗替代饲粮25%或50%美国进口苜蓿对奶牛瘤胃pH、氨态氮（NH₃-N）（除25%组4 h外）和挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量无显著影响;对奶牛干物质采食量（DMI）及饲粮DM、粗蛋白质（CP）、OM和ADF消化率无显著影响,而全株甘蔗替代饲粮50%美国进口苜蓿组的NDF消化率显著升高（P<0.05）;全株甘蔗替代饲粮中50%美国进口苜蓿组2和8 h血清尿素氮含量显著低于25%组和对照组（P<0.05）,且各处理组不同时间点血液β-羟丁酸含量、瘤胃各VFA和总VFA含量均无显著差异。3）用全株甘蔗替代高产奶牛饲粮中50%燕麦草、30%苜蓿干草或10%精料对奶牛血液中的葡萄糖、尿素氮、β-羟丁酸和非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）等含量及产奶量均无显著影响,且综合产奶量和饲料成本两方面的因素,各替代组分别比对照组每头奶牛的经济效益增加3.28、7.48和1.62元·d^-1。由此可知,全株甘蔗是一种可供奶牛食用的消化率较高的优质粗饲料,且用其替代饲粮中的25%或50%美国进口苜蓿不影响奶牛的瘤胃发酵特性和营养物质表观消化率;用其替代30%苜蓿干草、50%燕麦草或10%精料不会影响奶牛的血液生化指标及生产性能,还会提高牧场的经济效益。