苏云金杆菌Cry2Ab可溶蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

苏云金杆菌Cry2Ab蛋白是一类对鳞翅目昆虫有特异性毒性作用的毒素蛋白,已广泛应用于针对鳞翅目害虫的防治之中。依据苏云金杆菌cry2Ab基因序列设计一对全长引物,从苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)WB9菌株总DNA中克隆出cry2Ab基因全序列,构建Cry2Ab-PK表达载体,将获得的Cry2Ab-PK阳性克隆进行原核诱导表达,获得约90kD的Cry2Ab-GST融合蛋白,经批量纯化并切除GST标签后获得可溶Cry2Ab蛋白,约65kD。利用纯化Cry2Ab可溶蛋白免疫新西兰雄性大白兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus),制备Cry2Ab兔源多克隆抗血清,通过间接ELISA法测定Cry2Ab抗血清效价超过1:150000。Western blot测定结果表明,制备的Cry2Ab兔源抗血清能特异性识别Cry2Aa及Cry2Ab抗原蛋白,不能识别Cry1Ab及Cry3Aa抗原蛋白。研究结果对深入研究Cry2A毒素蛋白作用机理及毒素与受体间互作关系提供了技术支持。     

转基因高粱Cry1Ab蛋白含量的比较研究

通过农杆菌介导法将杀虫晶体蛋白基因cry1Ab导入高粱恢复系115中,共获得13个独立的转基因株系,26株转基因植株,转化率为5.1%;GUS活性、PCR、Southern和Western杂交分析表明,此基因已整合进高粱基因组并得到正确表达。利用ELISA试剂盒测定Cry1Ab蛋白含量,结果表明,不同转基因植株的Cry1Ab蛋白含量有明显差异,最高可达0.850 μg/g,占可溶性蛋白的0.016%,还有一些转基因植株中不能表达;同一转基因植株的不同组织中表达量有明显差异,其顺序为：叶>颖壳>籽粒>根>茎;不同部位的叶片也有差异,其顺序为：中部叶>基部叶>新叶。     

云南32万hm2农田推广应用“环保肥料”

近日．由云南农业大学、云南云叶化肥股份有限公司、昆明农家乐复合肥有限责任公司等单位联合研制的长效作物专用肥料、甘蔗专用BB肥、生物一有机烟草专用肥料、土壤磷素激活剂等环境友好型肥料通过省科技奖励办公室组织的成果鉴定。肥料系列产品累计生产24128万t．已在全省推广应用32万hm2．新增农业产值1．44亿元，企业累计实现产值6．02亿元。     

Cry1Ab蛋白在不同土壤中的吸附与解吸

以转cry1Ab基因高粱为材料提取Cry1Ab蛋白，测定了Cry1Ab蛋白在6种土壤中的吸附与解吸，分析了Cry1Ab蛋白溶液浓度、土壤理化性质对Cry1Ab蛋白吸附与解吸的影响。结果表明，不同类型的土壤对Cry1Ab的吸附与解吸存在明显的差异，吸附量表现为红泥土〉灰化土〉青紫泥田〉黄筋泥〉黄松田〉红砂土，解吸量表现为灰化土〉青紫泥田〉红砂土〉黄筋泥〉红泥土〉黄松田；Cry1Ab蛋白溶液的浓度与吸附量和解吸量呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0．86和0．99；土壤有机质、pH值与土壤吸附Cry1Ab蛋白的能力呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0．83和0．82；土壤全氮、有效磷的含量与土壤吸附Cry1Ab蛋白呈正相关，土壤全氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量与解吸均呈负相关。土壤吸附、解吸Cry1Ab蛋白是加入Cry1Ab蛋白溶液的浓度及不同土壤的理化性质共同作用的结果。     

Cry1Ab转基因水稻的杂种优势表现及抗虫性鉴定

以携带Cry1Ab基因的"克螟稻"为抗虫供体亲本,将目标基因转导到优良恢复系"R6547"、"R818"中,配制的杂交稻组合表现良好的杂种优势水平,克服了"克螟稻"在常规粳稻育种实践中常出现的农艺性状差、前期生长势弱的缺陷。可溶性蛋白含量检测结果显示目标基因在杂交稻中仍能高水平的表达,并在人工接虫和自然发生条件下对稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟等鳞翅目害虫表现优良抗性。     

用合成多肽为半抗原制备Bt Cry1Ab的单克隆抗体

由于Bt Cry1Aa、Cry1Ab和Cry1Ac晶体蛋白之间具有很高的同源性(82%~90%),采用常规的单抗制备方法很难制取特异性强的Bt Cry1Ab单抗,为了制备抗Bt Cry1Ab蛋白的特异性单克隆抗体(MAB),本研究从NCBI获得了Bt Cry1Ab蛋白的氨基酸序列,根据ANTHEPORT和DNAStar软件对其抗原性、亲水性和表位性分析结果选定BtCry1Ab特异性肽段进行人工合成,并将其偶联于匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH)免疫动物,应用细胞融合技术制备了抗该肽段的杂交瘤细胞22株。通过ELISA试验从中筛选出与Bt Cry1Ab天然蛋白产生特异性反应的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株一株(3A10)。经检测,其分泌的抗体亚类为IgG1型;轻链属κ型;杂交瘤细胞株染色体数目为89~108条;用其制作的腹水对Bt Cry1Ab合成肽的反应效价为1∶1×107;对Bt Cry1Ab天然蛋白的反应效价为1∶1×104;纯化后的抗体对Bt Cry1Ab合成肽的效价为1∶1×108;对Bt Cry1Ab天然蛋白的效价为1∶2×104。抗体的相对亲和力为0.5μg/mL,对Bt Cry1Ab蛋白的最低可检测值为10ng/mL。ELISA结果显示,3A10杂交瘤细胞株所分泌的MAB能特异性识别合成肽和Bt Cry1Ab蛋白,而对同源的Cry1Ac和Cry1Aa蛋白无交叉反应;本研究所制备的Bt Cry1Ab单克隆抗体能够对常规棉和抗虫棉(Gossypium hirsutumL.)进行有效的区分,并且能特异性的识别其中的Bt Cry1Ab蛋白。     

新型cry7Ab基因的鉴定克隆、表达与杀虫活性

本文应用PCR-RFLP法鉴定出Bt菌株HQ40中含有cry7Ab基因,并根据cry7A全长基因序列设计特异性引物,成功克隆了该基因。该基因核苷酸序列已经在国际基因库GeneBank中登记,其登录号为EU380678,并由Bt δ-内毒素基因国际命名委员会正式命名为cry7Ab4。通过穿梭载体pSTK 将该基因导入Bt 无晶体突变株中,获得工程菌HD7Ab4。SDS-PAGE分析表明cry7Ab4 基因在其中能正常表达,并形成菱形晶体。提取工程菌HD7Ab4和野生菌HQ40晶体蛋白,并在体外用胰蛋白酶酶解活化。分别对直翅目、鳞翅目和鞘翅目的害虫进行了杀虫活性测定。生测结果表明：Cry7Ab4蛋白trypsin酶解液对鞘翅目的大猿叶甲显示了一定的杀虫活性,其野生菌蛋白及表达蛋白酶解液LC50分别为231.59µg/ml及293.79µg/ml。表达产物虽不能使鳞翅目的小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾和亚洲玉米螟死亡,但对它们的生长发育有明显的体重抑制作用。另外对马铃薯甲虫以及榆蓝叶甲也有体重抑制作用,而对直翅目的东亚飞蝗无毒。     

Über die Nachwirkung von32P in der 2. Generation von Sommergerste

Summary Application of³²P to barley in the 3-foliate stage that had resulted in the treated generation to increased side-spreiting and reduced fertility, showed in the 2^nd generation only an after-effect in form of reduced fertility. In the 2^nd generation however, neither significant influence to development nor increased dry matter yields at simultaneous reducing of the corn yields could be observed.

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, ³², . . . .

     

不同发育时期转基因高梁不同株系Cry1Ab蛋白含量的比较

高粱的害虫种类众多，影响着产量与品质，培育抗虫品种是重要的育种目标，但目前高粱中缺乏有效的抗螟虫资源，难以通过常规育种培育出抗螟虫的品种。张明洲（2002）成功地将来自Bt密码子优化的抗虫基因crylAb转入高粱中，并经农业部批准进入中间试验阶段。为有效和合理地利用这一抗虫资源，有必要了解crylAb基因的表达情况，本实验分析了田间自然条件下crylAb基因在不同发育时期的表达水平，并对不同转基因高粱株系的CrylAb蛋白含量进行了比较。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌新菌株S184 cry1Ab基因的克隆

通过对ＧｅｎＢａｎｋ中ｃｒｙ１类基因序列的保守区进行分析,设计一对针对其保守区的引物Ｙ５－１（ＡＧＧＡＣＣＡＧＧＡＴＴＴＡＣＡＧＧＡＧＧ）和Ｙ３－１（ＧＣＴＧＴＧＡＣＡＣ ＧＡＡＧＧＡＴＡＴＡＧＣＣＡＣ）,对苏云金芽胞杆菌（Ｂａｘｉｌｌｕｓ ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｂｔ）新菌株Ｓ１８４质粒ＤＮＡ进行扩增,得到一大小为１．５ｋｂ的ＤＮＡ片段,序列分析显示该片段与ｃｒｙ１因基因高度同源。以此片段为     

Rapid digestion of Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 in simulated gastric fluid

Two genes were identified in Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) that code for the proteins that comprise a Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 binary insecticidal crystal protein. Maize, Zea mays L., plants have been transformed to express the Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 proteins, and as a result, these plants are resistant to attack by western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, a major pest in the Midwestern corn-growing area of the U.S.A. As part of the safety assessment for the proteins, digestibility studies were conducted. Digestion experiments with both proteins demonstrated rapid degradation in simulated gastric fluid, comparable to other registered plant-incorporated protectants. Quantitative and qualitative approaches for determining digestibility are illustrated.     

The comparative plant availability of 32P myo‐inositol hexaphospha.te and KH2 32PO4 added to soils

Abstract

The comparative availability to Lolivm perenne of ³²P myo‐inositol hexaphosphate (IH³²P) and KH₂ ³²PO. added to soil could be determined unequivocally from the ³²P count of leaf material even when dry matter yields and total P content were not significantly different from the control.

IH³²P was equivalent to KH₂ ³²PO₄. in a soil with a low P retention at 200 p.p.m. P but not at 20 p.p.m. P. IH ³²P was totally unavailable in two soils with high P retention at 200 p.p.m. and 20 p.p.m. P, whereas uptake of KH₂ ³²PO₄. was observed in each instance.     

Characterization of Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 insecticidal crystal proteins expressed in transgenic corn plants and Pseudomonas fluorescens

Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins, identified from Bacillus thuringiensis strain PS149B1, act together to control corn rootworms. Transgenic corn lines coexpressing the two proteins were developed to protect corn against rootworm damage. Large quantities of the two proteins were needed to conduct studies required for assessing the safety of this transgenic corn crop. Because it was technically infeasible to obtain sufficient quantities of high purity Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins from the transgenic corn plants, the proteins were produced using a recombinant Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf) production system. The two proteins from both the transgenic corn and the Pf were purified and characterized. The proteins from each host had the expected molecular mass and were immunoreactive to specific antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. Data from N-terminal sequencing, tryptic peptide mass fingerprinting, internal peptide sequencing, and biological activity provided direct evidence that the Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins produced in Pf and transgenic corn were, respectively, comparable or equivalent molecules. In addition, neither protein had detectable glycosylation regardless of the host.     

Bollgard II cotton: compositional analysis and feeding studies of cottonseed from insect-protected cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producing the Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 proteins

Bollgard II cotton event 15985 producing the Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 proteins has been developed by genetic modification to broaden the spectrum of insects to which the plant is tolerant and to provide an insect resistance management tool to impede the onset of resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composition and nutrition of Bollgard II cotton, relative to the use for food and animal feed, compared to that of conventional cotton varieties. Compositional analyses were conducted to measure proximate, fiber, amino acid, fatty acid, gossypol, and mineral contents of cottonseed from a total of 14 U.S. field sites over two years. Compositional analysis results showed that the cottonseed and cottonseed oil from Bollgard II cotton were comparable in their composition to those of the conventional control cotton line and other commercial varieties. The composition data are supported by nutritional safety studies conducted with dairy cows, catfish, and quail. Results from these studies showed that Bollgard II performed similarly to the conventional control cotton varieties. These data demonstrate that Bollgard II cotton is compositionally and nutritionally equivalent to conventional cotton varieties. These data support the conclusion that Bollgard II cotton is as safe and nutritious as conventional cotton for food and feed use.     

旱地春小麦新品种甘春32号选育报告

甘春32号是以外引材料固87-67为母本,以自育品种9236为父本,经有性杂交选育而成的小麦新品种。在2013 — 2014年甘肃省旱地春小麦新品种区域试验中,2 a平均折合产量3 467.1 kg/hm2,较对照品种西旱2号增产12.77%。适宜在甘肃中部干旱半干旱区的定西、会宁、榆中、永靖、兰州,宁夏海原、西吉等地区以及生态类似区旱地春播种植。