A Quantum Chemical Calculation Study on Crosslinking Reaction Mechanism of Polyphenylene Sulfide

Ab initio calculation method and static theory are employed to study crosslinking mechanism of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). Reaction trends of thermal crosslinking and crosslinked structures of PPS are discussed with the ab initio calculation results of PPS model and probable free radical models. And it is proved that oxygen plays an important role in the crosslinking reactions.     

多酚与膳食成分的相互作用及应用研究进展

多酚具有多种生物活性,但由于其稳定性差,限制了应用。综述了多酚与膳食成分通过非共价和/或共价相互作用形成的二元和三元体系, 包括膳食成分对酚类物质稳定性和生物利用度的影响,以及膳食成分的理化性质和功能性质等方面的变化, 并总结了近年来多酚-膳食成分复合物在递送系统、乳液、包装材料和食品保鲜加工方面的应用,以期为多酚膳食化合物的设计与应用提供参考。     

Study on the Chemical Composition and Macromolecular Structure of Outburst Zone Coal

In the light of ultimate analysis data and density of specific gravity liquid, we put forward a formula to calculate the real density of vitrinite, and get a relatively exact computational formula of condensation ring index. The molar fraction of carbon atom ( x C ) could be used to describe the metamorphic degree of coal. Relationship between the macromolecular structure and the probability of coal outburst has been discussed.     

Study on Evaluating the Pozzolanicity of CFB Sulphur- Fixed Coal Ashes

There is no appropriate method or uniform standard for evaluating the pozzolanicity of CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes,leading to difficulty in use of it as building material,because CFB sulphur-fixed coal ash has higher content of f-CaO and SO_3 than that of ordinary ash.In this paper the appropriate evaluating methods are developed through theoretical analysis and experiments with reference to the National standards GB2847 for the pozzolanic materials and GB12957-91for the testing method of the activity of the industrial wastes,the compressive strength ratio is suggested by determination of 28 day compressive strength ratio of ground CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes-clinker to ground clinker.It is shown that this evaluating method gives the results consistent with those from other methods.     

甘蓝型油菜与近缘种、属杂交时花粉-雌蕊相互作用的研究

甘蓝型油菜作母本与白菜、甘蓝、黑芥、芥菜型油菜和埃塞俄比亚芥杂交时,花粉粘合程度减弱。花粉管常常不能穿入柱头,与花粉管接触的柱头乳突细胞内普遍产生胼胝质。少数异源花粉管能穿过柱头进入花柱,但时有异常胼胝质沉积在花粉管中。海甘蓝的花粉很难粘合在甘蓝型油菜柱头上。异种花粉与甘蓝型油菜雌蕊的亲和性按大小依次     

棉花与黄萎病菌互作机制研究现状及展望

本文概括了近年来国内外对棉花黄萎病菌致病因子及寄主抗性机理方面的研究进展,分析了当前研究中存在的问题,并提出了今后的发展方向     

Studies on the Structure Model of Coal and Its Polarization Characteristics

The macromolecular structures of coal samples collected from Yutianbao, Nantong and Qingnian coal mines in Sichuan were studied and a model of structure for these coals was set up. On the basis of above mentioned work,experimental studies and theoretical analyses were made to investigate the characteristics of coal polarization in applied electric field. The results indicate that the rotation polarzation and the space polarization are the essential reason for the attenuation of electric current through coal samples,and that the space polarization is the main form of coal polarization.     

棉花黄萎病菌与品种互作的格局分析

 以23个棉花品种(系)接种18个黄萎病菌株的抗感表现(病情指数)为分析对象,在聚类分析的基础上用双标图方法研究了寄主 病原的互作格局。结果表明：23个棉花品种分为6个抗病性不同的品种组,18个菌株聚为5个致病力不同的菌株群。5031和50312组成的品种组G1对所有菌株群具有最高抗性,可作为抗黄育种的高抗质源。来自河北成安的VD25与来自江苏常熟的XS4、XS6和XS7组成的菌株群S4与G5品种组存在互作,其致病力最强,是棉花黄萎病的优势菌株群,在抗黄育种和抗黄鉴定中应予以高度重视。S2和S3菌株群与56%的参试品种构成的3个品种组间存在互作,是潜在的优势菌株群。具平均抗病性的G2品种组是黄萎病菌的优良寄主。     

安太堡露天煤矿排土场景观结构及其分形研究

将平朔安太堡露天煤矿复垦区的5个排土场按照植被覆盖和地形划分为8个基本景观类型,包括耕地、草地、草灌混交、灌木混交、乔草混交、乔灌混交、新造复垦地和退化地,总计496个斑块。利用3S技术和分形理论对景观结构进行了分析,并讨论了景观特性及其变化的分形性质。结果表明：分维数的大小反映了景观斑块面积、斑块数量和平均斑块面积等因素的相互作用,反映了排土场内景观斑块的不规则程度和复杂程度;乔灌混交地和灌木混交地保持着较高的分维数,新造复垦地和草地的分维数较低,其它景观类型的分维数则差别不大;植被景观受多种因子的影响,在南排土场、西排土场受地表物质组成和地形的影响为主,其多样性指数较高,在内排土场、西排扩大区受植被类型的影响为主;草灌混交地的景观多样性远高于其它现有的复垦植被区,但其景观优势度则保持在较低水平上。南排、西排及西排扩大区的景观过程以控制水土流失、增加植被覆盖为主,内排则着重发展兼顾经济、生态和社会多种效益的生态农业和高效农业。     

钙信号系统与植物激素信号

Ca2+是高等植物细胞内普遍存在的一种信使分子,能介导植物对外界信号的刺激反应,调节多种生理过程, 并参与植物体内多种刺激-反应的藕联过程。目前证实在植物里钙依赖性蛋白激酶（CDPKs）、钙调素（CaM）、钙调磷酸酶B类似蛋白（CBLs）三类钙结合蛋白,这些蛋白质可识别特定的钙签名,并依赖这些钙信号向下游转达以适应外界刺激。Ca2+信使系统与激素在植物的花发育(成花诱导、花芽分化及开花调控),有性生殖方面(在花粉萌发和花粉管生长),逆境生理等都起着非常重要的作用。近些年有关学者在植物激素受体蛋白、信号转导、基因表达等方面的研究,以及与Ca2+相关的信号传递机理的研究中发现：Ca2+/CaM、Ca2+/CDPK和Ca2+/CBL三类钙信号系统与植物激素信号密切相关。     

Analysis of Cotton Secondary Metabolites under the Interaction between Verticillium dahliae and Upland Cotton

[Objective] The aim of this study is to investigate the cotton differential metabolites in the interaction between Verticillium dahliae and cotton plant, and to explore new clues for the further study on the defense mechanism of cotton against V. dahliae. [Method] To obtain the cotton root, stem and leaf samples of the pathogen treated and healthy controls, the upland cotton cultivar CCRI 24 was selected as tested cotton material in this paper, and inoculated with V. dahliae conidia or sterile water by injuring root at the 2-true-leaf stage. The 70% (volume fraction) methanol extracts of these samples were separated and detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS), and the metabolite data were obtained by the online XCMS software. Through multivariate statistics and student’s t-test, the differential metabolites were investigated. The types of metabolites were putatively identified based on the comparison of the experimental molecular mass and the monoisotopic accurate molecular mass of cotton metabolites. [Result] The efficiency of negative ion mode was higher than that of positive ion detection mode in the cotton metabolites in UPLC-ESI-MS analysis. 576 ions mainly distributed in cotton root were found in the cotton seedling tissues including root, stem and leaf, which were the distinguished differential metabolites between V. dahliae treatment and healthy control. Among them, 77 ions were identified as sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, aliphatics and phenols. In addition to sesquiterpenes, 17 compounds, including caffeic acid, astragalin, isoastragalin, dillenetin, ent-catechin, gossypetin 8-rhamnoside, gossypicyanin, herbacetin 7-glucoside, leucocyanidin, quercetin 3'-glucoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin 7-glycosides, α,2',3,3',4,4',6-heptahydroxychalcone 2'-glucoside, melibiose, sucrose, sucrose 6-phosphate and 1-tetratriacontanol, had not been reported in the literatures on the interaction between V. dahliae and cotton, which may be the novel pathogenesis-related metabolites on cotton Verticillium wilt. [Conclusion] The putative pathogenesis-related metabolites of cotton Verticillium wilt may play an important role in the interaction of cotton defense against V. dahliae, which provides an important clue for exploring the new resistant mechanism of cotton to Verticillium wilt.     

Economic Benefit Analysis on the Exploitation and Utilization Coal bed Methane

The gas accident in Coal Mine is an important safe hidden trouble.The notion on the prevention and cure of gas accident should be changed.Coal gas is a kind of deleterious gas,but it is a clean energy resource.The actualities of coal bed methane resources and its use in our country are reviewed.The foreground for the use of coal bed methane is analyszed.The economic benefit of coal bed methane utilization is evaluated by the Net Present Value(NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return(IRR)method.The results are shown that the utilization of the coal bed methane can decrease the gas accident,save energy source,reduce the environmental pollution,and have remarkable economic benefit.     

利用硫酸铜液诊断母牛早期妊娠技术初探

采用3%和5%硫酸铜液对57头黑白花母牛进行早期妊娠诊断,然后通过直肠检查技术进行确诊。结果表明,3%硫酸铜液乳检的总阳性率为87.14%,5%硫酸铜液乳检的总阳性率为84.80%,两组均以配种后31~50d中午乳样检出准确率最高,平均阳性率为90.35%。5%硫酸铜液乳检的阳性符合率较3%硫酸铜液稍低,即造成误诊空怀率稍高,实际应用中以3%硫酸铜液进行母牛早期妊娠诊断,其准确率较高。     

The Study on the Electric Erosion Mechanism of the Gear Surface

The bar and the cloud microcosmic appearance character of the electric erosion is described in this paper.The electric erosion mechanism of the gear surface has been set forth by setting up the model of electric erosion of the discharge not contacted and the model of electric erosion of discharge contacted. The electric erosion of the discharge not contacted would be taken place when the voltage is stronger and the lubricating oil film formed better between the space of the gear surface. The electric erosion of the discharge contacted would be taken place when the voltage is lower and the lubricating oil film formed not better between the space of the gear surface. The failure of the gear is accelerated by the action of the electric erosion and the friction wear together.     

利用硫酸铜液早期妊娠诊断母牛技术的研究

采用3%和5%硫酸铜液对57头黑白花母牛进行早期妊娠诊断,然后通过直肠检查技术进行确诊。结果表明,3%硫酸铜液乳检的总阳性率为87.14%,5%硫酸铜液乳检的总阳性率为84.80%,两组均以配种后31~50d中午乳样检出准确率最高,平均阳性率为90.35%。5%硫酸铜液乳检的阳性符合率较3%硫酸铜液稍低,即造成误诊空怀率稍高,实际应用中以3%硫酸铜液进行母牛早期妊娠诊断,其准确率较高。     

西瓜整枝密度与氮磷交互数学模型及优化组合方案研究

为推动宁夏西瓜产业的发展,解决不合理灌水施肥造成水资源和肥料的浪费,控制西瓜病害的发病率,提高产量、品质。试验采用4因素5水平二次回归正交旋转组合设计方法,以产量为目标函数,以整枝、密度、施磷量、施氮量4个因素为因变量,构建数学模型进行试验研究。研究结果表明,主因素效应分析对产量的影响大小顺序依次为密度、氮肥、整枝、磷肥;因子间交互效应对产量影响大小顺序依次为：整枝×密度、磷肥×氮肥、整枝×磷肥。采用2~3蔓整枝,施纯氮150~180 kg/hm²,施磷肥(P₂O₅)150~180 kg/hm²,密度8万株/hm²,可使产量达到60000 kg/hm²以上的最优农艺措施组合方案。该方案可减少水资源和肥料的使用量,为宁夏西瓜产业高产高效栽培方面提供理论依据。     

DEP1与NRT1.1B基因的遗传互作对水稻氮素利用的影响

提高氮素利用效率一直是水稻遗传改良攻关的重点方向。直立穗等位基因dep1及籼稻等位基因nrt1.1b均有利于提高水稻氮素利用效率,因此,阐明DEP1与NRT1.1B基因的互作关系对水稻氮素利用的影响对培育氮高效水稻品种具有重要指导意义。以携带不同DEP1与NRT1.1B基因型组合的重组自交系为供试材料,在低、中及高氮条件下（分别记为LN、MN和HN）,分析了DEP1与NRT1.1B基因间不同的遗传互作方式对水稻氮素利用、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,不同氮素条件下,基因型组合dep1/nrt1.1b具有最大的氮素收获指数;LN条件下,nrt1.1b基因有利于提高氮素利用效率,在MN和HN条件下dep1基因有利于提高氮素利用效率;携带dep1基因株系有效穗数和穗粒数显著提升,其产量均值显著高于其他株系,而NRT1.1B基因对产量无显著影响。