湖南小溪国家级自然保护区蜜源植物资源初步研究

实地调查了湖南小溪国家级自然保护区内的蜜源植物资源的种类、生活习性、利用价值及现状。有31科40种主要蜜源植物,29科40种辅助蜜源植物,11科14种有毒蜜源植物的花期、植物类型和其他用途。针对保护区内的蜜源植物资源的利用现状提出了开发建议。     

邛崃市蜂业发展现状和未来

1丰富蜜粉源植物资源 邛崃蜜源植物品种多,面积大,蜜粉源植物资源丰富,春季有油菜、柑桔,夏季有山花、瓜类花,秋季有山花、茶花,冬季有枇杷、桉花等,为养蜂业的发展提供了广阔的发展空间。近年来,随着国家天然林保护和退耕还林等环保项目的实施,过去消失的蜜源植物得到重新恢复。     

宁都县蜜源植物简介

宁都县位于江西省东南部、赣州市北部。野生植物资源丰富,其中蜜源植物达60多种,蜜源植物是重要的物质资源,研究蜜源植物的形态特征、生境分布、近缘种等对于合理开发利用及保护蜜源植物,发展林下经济产业,特别是养蜂业有着非常重要的意义。笔者现对宁都县的主要蜜源植物作简单介绍,同时列出我县辅助蜜源植物。     

云南省丽江玉龙县蜜源植物资源初步调查

通过初步调查,丽江玉龙县有蜜源植物171种,分属于54科,128属。蜜源植物资源丰富,种类多样,全年皆有花开。蜜源开花期主要集中在冬末至春季、夏末至冬初,适合发展养蜂业。有毒蜜源植物有4种,分别为紫花醉鱼草、瑞香狼毒、蓖麻、白花曼陀罗。     

我国蜜源木本植物资源利用现状及建议——以刺槐为例

我国是世界上最大的蜂产品生产和出口国，在全球蜂产品贸易中占有十分重要的地位。而这得益于我国丰富的蜜源植物资源。本文综合其他科研工作者的研究成果，通过介绍刺槐的资源、分布及利用现状，以从一个侧面反映我国蜜源木本植物的资源与利用现状。同时根据日前利用中存在的一些问题提出了部分建议：转变观念把种植蜜源植物养蜂当作养殖业发展；引起重视，加强法制建设；大力发展养蜂业，加强环保，科学种植刺槐。     

德钦县蜜源植物初步调查

德钦县位于云南省迪庆藏族自治州西北部,境内立体气候明显,水利资源、生物资源丰富,特殊的地理环境形成了该地区气候和生物的多样性.对德钦县蜜源植物进行的初步调查得到如下结果: (1)德钦县共有蜜源植物157种,隶属于46科、96属,以蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、唇形科(Labi-atae)、菊科(Compositae)、蝶形花科(Leguminosae)等科种类较多,物种多样性丰富. (2)主要蜜源植物春夏季有油菜、白刺花、苜蓿、苕子、柑橘等;秋冬季有向日葵、荞麦、野坝子、野草香等. (3)报道了金花忍冬、椭圆叶花锚等新蜜源植物. (4)益母草、白刺花、川贝母等药用蜜源植物资源丰富.通过调查发现,德钦有着丰富的蜜源植物资源,适合发展养蜂生产.     

河南省蜜源资源概况

为合理开发利用河南省丰富的蜜源资源,指导养蜂生产,我们采取实地考察、放蜂生产、蜂产品收购统计和委托调杏等方法对河南省的蜜源植物进行普查,现将结果报告如下. 1 主要蜜源植物 河南省能生产到大宗商品蜜的植物有油菜、紫云英、刺槐、枣树、荆条、芝麻、泡桐和柿树7科8种.     

我国有毒蜜源植物及毒性

环境或气候变化引起蜜蜂采集有毒蜜源植物的花蜜或蜜露,导致生产出含有植物源毒素的有毒蜂蜜,食用此类有毒蜂蜜容易引发中毒。尽管国内外食用蜂蜜中毒的具体原因存在差异,但多数食用蜂蜜中毒事件与有毒蜜源植物之间存在着较大的关联性。我国地域广阔,蜜源植物种类多样,梳理清楚有毒蜜源植物资源及其毒性对蜂蜜安全生产、毒性成分溯源等工作具有极其重要的意义。在广泛文献调研的基础上,对我国分布的15科29种有毒蜜源植物种类、分布区域及花期等进行总结,并结合文献报道的急性毒性试验结果对有毒蜜源植物毒性进行归纳,以期为蜜蜂放养场地选择、蜂蜜安全生产及中毒原因追溯提供科学参考。     

我国野生草本蜜源第一科：对唇形科蜜源植物的评价

我国野生草本蜜源第一科对唇形科蜜源植物的评价·任再金我国丰富的蜜源植物资源可分为野生蜜源和栽培蜜源两大类；按植物的形态可分为草本蜜源和木本蜜源两大类。在整个蜜源中，野生蜜源比栽培蜜源种类多，草本蜜源比木本蜜源多。目前已被利用的主要蜜源，有栽培植物蜜源...     

中国草原经济植物资源及其开发利用对策

中国草原地域辽阔，经济植物资源丰富，共计８０００余种，分属２６０余科，其中具有开发价值的纤维植物、淀粉植物、油料植物、食用植物、药用植物和蜜源植物等３０００余种。这些宝贵的资源少部分已开采过度破坏严重外，大部分尚未充分开发利用。随着市场的发展，合理开发利用这些资源对于发展农村牧区经济、促进农牧民脱贫致富奔小康至关重要。其开发对策是：（１）更新观念，提高认识；（２）调查研究，摸清家底；（３）制定法律     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.