盘锦芦苇湿地土壤微生物数量研究

基于盘锦湿地生态系统野外观测站芦苇群落生长季6~9月的定位观测资料,分析了芦苇湿地土壤微生物不同时间及不同层次上的动态。结果表明:在三个层次时间动态土壤的细菌数量最大,其次是放线菌,最少的是真菌。不同层次中10～20cm土壤层中的细菌、放线菌和真菌数量最大。细菌数量从6月的最高值逐渐减少,到8月达到最低,而后逐渐增加;放线菌数量从6月最高值急剧减少,至8月达到最低值,然后逐渐增加;真菌数量则表现为从6月开始逐渐增加,至9月达到最大值。芦苇湿地土壤微生物不同层次上的百分比变化表明:在0～10cm、10～20cm和20～30cm的3个层次上及微生物总数中土壤的细菌所占比率最大,而且在3个层次上的比率从上到下是逐渐增大的;其次是放线菌,且在3个层次上的比率是逐渐减少的;最少的是真菌,在3个层次上相差不大,接近为零,在整个微生物中所占比率为最少的。     

养猪发酵床垫料不同时期碳氮和微生物群落结构变化研究

该研究以短、长期养猪发酵床垫料为对象,采用16Sr RNA基因高通量测序技术研究垫料微生物的群落组成,分析细菌群落结构与垫料碳氮组成的相关性。结果表明:微生物发酵床优势菌为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门。漠河杆菌属和梭菌属是垫料中相对丰度最高的物种。细菌群落多样性和主成分分(principal component analysis)析的结果表明:养殖时间一定程度上影响了发酵床垫料的微生物群落多样性和组成,但差异不显著。随着养殖时间的延长,在门水平上,放线菌门、绿弯菌门的细菌相对丰度显著增加,由21.3%、1.64%分别提高到28.4%和4.34%;在属水平上,甲基暖菌属、甲基杆菌属、马杜拉放线菌属、分枝杆菌属、红球菌属、副球菌属等11个物种相对丰度显著增加,甲基暖菌属、马杜拉放线菌属的相对丰度由0.405%、0.570%分别提高到2.862%、2.190%;假单孢菌属、嗜冷杆菌属、鞘氨醇杆菌属、黄杆菌属等7个物种显著降低,假单孢菌属、嗜冷杆菌属的相对丰度由2.51%、2.13%分别下降到0.93%、0.18%。硝态氮的含量显著增加,有机质、纤维素和木质素的含量显著降低。Mantel test分析的结果表明:垫料细菌群落与纤维素含量显著正相关(r=0.333,P=0.042)。Spearman相关性分析表明不动细菌属、假单胞菌属与纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量显著正相关,Gelidibacter、嗜冷杆菌属与纤维素含量显著正相关。垫料纤维素是影响微生物发酵床细菌群落的重要因素。该研究可为发酵床初期选择垫料及不同垫料的合理配比,提高粪便原位转化效率提供参考。     

养猪发酵床不同发酵程度垫料微生物群落结构特征的PLFA分析

发酵床养猪是一种新型的养殖技术,可有效缓解养猪的环境污染问题,微生物在其中起关键作用。为明确养猪发酵床发酵过程微生物群落的变化规律,为发酵床的科学管理提供依据,本研究采用磷脂脂肪酸生物标记（phospholipid fatty acids,PLFA）法分析养猪发酵床不同发酵等级垫料的微生物群落结构特征。采用色差法将垫料分为3个发酵程度等级：1级、2级和3级,采集不同发酵等级表层（0~15 cm）和里层（30~45 cm）垫料样本,测定各样本的PLFA。结果表明,共检测到61种PLFA,发酵2级垫料的PLFA种类最多,发酵3级垫料的PLFA种类最少。在各垫料中,PLFA分布量均表现为细菌 > 真菌 > 放线菌。指示细菌、真菌、放线菌、革兰氏阳性细菌（G⁺）、革兰氏阴性细菌（G^-）的PLFA及总PLFA在各发酵等级表层垫料的分布量均显著大于其在里层垫料的分布量,最大值出现在发酵1级表层垫料中。与对照（未发酵垫料）相比,发酵垫料总PLFA含量均显著增加（P<0.05）。发酵3级表层垫料的真菌/细菌值最大,发酵2级表层垫料的G⁺/G^-值最大。多样性分析表明,Shannon指数和Pielou指数最大值出现在发酵2级垫料中,而Simpson指数最大值出现在发酵3级表层垫料中。聚类分析表明,当欧氏距离为233.15时,可将不同发酵等级垫料聚为3个类群,同一发酵级别的垫料聚在相同类群中;主成分分析表明,发酵1级表层和里层垫料单独归一类群,其他发酵等级垫料和对照垫料归另一类群中。综上,不同发酵等级垫料的微生物种群结构不同,发酵1级表层垫料微生物分布量最大,发酵2级垫料的微生物种类最多,相同发酵级别表层和里层垫料微生物群落结构相似。     

生态护坡基质中微生物特性研究

以土壤、水泥、沙子、秸秆、草炭、纤维素、锯末、糠醛渣、保水剂、控施肥和速效肥为基本原料,按不同比例配制成3种生态护坡基质,探讨了其中微生物的种类和数量以及随时间的动态变化。结果表明:3种生态护坡基质中细菌、放线菌、真菌数量依次为109,108~109,106cfu/g数量级,分别比对照土壤高101,101~102,101个数量级;随时间变化,3种生态护坡基质中细菌数量起初有所下降,之后逐渐增加,最后呈稳定状态,其变化趋势与微生物总数一致,放线菌数量逐渐增加,并对微生物总数贡献提高,而真菌数量逐渐减少,且变化幅度较大;不同处理之间方差分析表明,微生物数量大小顺序为:基质Ⅰ>基质Ⅱ>基质Ⅲ>对照土壤,且除基质Ⅰ与基质Ⅱ之间细菌未达极显著水平和放线菌未达显著水平外,其余均达极显著水平;相关分析表明,氮和磷对微生物影响最明显,且微生物数量与pH值和电导率均呈现一定程度的负相关。     

三江源区土壤微生物和土壤养分空间分布特性研究

选取三江源地区玉树、沱沱河、隆宝、治多及多彩5个研究地,对其土壤微生物群落数量及土壤养分空间分布规律进行了分析研究,为我国高寒草地土壤生态系统多样性和系统变化数据提供科学依据。结果表明:不同土壤层(0~5、5~10和10~15 cm)土壤微生物群落数量表现为细菌放线菌真菌,且细菌数量占绝对优势;各研究地土壤微生物群落主要分布在土壤表层,其数量随土层深度的增加而减少;土壤微生物数量与土壤养分之间存在相关性,影响细菌数量的主要土壤因子是全钾、碱解氮、全氮及有效磷,影响放线菌数量的主要土壤因子是速效钾与全氮,影响真菌数量的主要土壤因子是p H值。     

铅胁迫对黄褐土微生物区系和功能多样性的影响

为了筛选出黄褐土中对铅污染敏感的指示微生物,本研究采用室内培养试验研究不同铅浓度对土壤微生物区系和功能多样性的影响。结果表明,向土壤中添加硝酸铅显著降低了可培养细菌、放线菌和真菌微生物的种群数量,这种抑制作用随着铅浓度的升高而增强,随着培养时间的延长而减弱。铅浓度、细菌、真菌和放线菌数量两两间呈极显著负相关关系。低浓度铅处理（100 mg kg?1）在培养初期（1 d）显著减少了可培养细菌和放线菌的数量,降低率分别为27.43%和30.89%;高浓度铅处理（2500 mg kg?1）在整个培养期内均对真菌数量产生显著抑制作用,且抑制率维持在90%左右。从培养初期到中期（1 ~ 14 d）,随着铅浓度升高土壤微生物群落活性和功能多样性指数显著下降（中浓度铅处理除外）,培养后期（28 d）各个浓度铅处理的土壤微生物的丰富度和优势度均显著增加。与对照、低浓度铅和高浓度铅处理相比,中浓度铅处理（500 mg kg?1）更有利于保持黄褐土较高的微生物的群落代谢活性和功能多样性。本研究中3 种可培养微生物功能群对黄褐土添加硝酸铅的敏感度依次是放线菌,细菌和真菌。研究表明,在黄褐土地区真菌可以用来指示较为严重的土壤铅污染状况,放线菌和细菌可以用来指示铅污染程度较轻的土壤环境状况。     

烟株生长过程中土壤微生物的变化特征

为有效防治烟草青枯病等土传病害,探究了烟株生长过程中土壤微生物的变化特征。分别在烟株不同生长期采集根部土壤进行可培养微生物数量测定和16S/18S rDNA基因测序,以分析烟株生长过程中微生物数量、多样性以及群落结构的变化。结果表明,可培养细菌、放线菌数量随烟株生长先增多后减少,其中旺长期数量最多;真菌数量先减少后增多,以旺长期数量最少。细菌群落多样性无明显变化,真菌群落多样性在旺长期最低。微生物群落结构在旺长期变化较大,细菌优势菌群Acidobacteria(酸杆菌门)丰度较团棵期减少30%±12%,Actinobacteria(放线菌门)丰度增加116%±19%,真菌优势菌群Ascomycota(子囊菌门)丰度增加57%±36%,norankk-Fungi丰度减少83%±17%。烟株生长发育改变了土壤微生物的数量和群落结构,旺长期微生物群落结构的改变与青枯病发生存在一定联系,特别是真菌优势菌的变化可能会影响青枯病的发生。     

象草根际微生物研究

利用选择性培养基,对象草不同生长阶段根际不同部位细菌、真菌和放线菌进行了分离和计数,并对其根际真菌进行了分类和鉴定。结果表明,象草根际微生物以细菌和放线菌占绝对优势(96.15%～99.82%),而真菌数量只占根际微生物数量的0.18%～3.85%;从三个不同取样部位来看,象草根面微生物数量象草根区微生物数量象草非根际微生物数量;结合象草根际微生物数量、比例、根圈比这三个指标来看,细菌随象草的生长呈下降趋势,根际真菌呈上升的趋势,放线菌数量从返青期到拔节期呈下降趋势,从拔节期到旺盛生长期有明显的上升趋势;象草生长阶段和根际区域不同,根际真菌分布也不同。象草的根际区域不同,生长时期不同,其微生物的数量和种类的时空分布动态也不同。     

发酵床垫料栽培基质重复利用对辣椒生长和基质性状的影响

以发酵床垫料为主要原料的有机基质作为栽培基质,采用槽式栽培方式,研究其在辣椒种植上的应用效果以及种植不同茬次辣椒后基质理化和微生物学性状的变化情况;并研究该有机基质的重复利用效果。结果表明:基质栽培的辣椒与土壤对照相比,在株高、根长、整株鲜重和产量方面均无显著差异,且用完1茬的旧基质继续种植第2茬辣椒不影响其产量。种植第1茬辣椒后对基质理化性状影响最大,其中,EC值、速效氮和速效钾含量与新基质相比变化最为显著,分别降低了81.17%、92.15%和85.16%,种植2茬辣椒后基质理化性状与1茬时相比变化不显著。Real-Time PCR结果表明:连续种植2茬辣椒对基质中细菌数量影响不大,而真菌数量1茬后显著降低,2茬后真菌数量与1茬时相比差异不显著。PCR-DGGE结果表明种植第1茬辣椒明显改变了基质中细菌和真菌群落结构,并能明显提高真菌的群落多样性,但种植第2茬辣椒对基质中细菌和真菌多样性影响较小,细菌和真菌群落结构与1茬时相比变化不大。     

黄土高原刺槐林地土壤微生物的分布特征

研究了黄土高原不同树龄的刺槐人工林地土壤微生物的分布特征。结果表明:土壤细菌随树龄的变化不显著,而放线菌和真菌的数量随树龄的变化显著;细菌、放线菌和真菌数量随土壤深度的变化极为显著;细菌数量随土壤深度的变化规律符合QuadraticsRatio模型,放线菌和真菌数量则随土壤深度呈现指数衰减变化。     

"秸秆降解生防菌强化技术"对黄瓜连作土壤微生物区系的影响

"秸秆降解生防菌强化技术"(BS)近年在我国北方冬季温室栽培中广泛使用, 具改良土壤、减轻病害、改善品质、提高产量等多方面的效果。为探讨应用该技术后对黄瓜连作土壤中微生物区系的影响, 本研究采用平板培养计数与末端标记限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)分析相结合的方法, 检测了黄瓜连作土壤中真菌、细菌、放线菌以及生防菌和病原菌的数量动态。结果表明, BS处理土壤后, 在连作第2茬时, 土壤中真菌群体总量比第1茬显著减少; 细菌总量比第1茬显著增加。细菌与真菌数量比值(B/F值)在连作两茬时明显升高, 土壤表现为"细菌型"; 连茬土壤中两种生防菌的含量保持相对稳定; 枯萎病原菌数量在连作两茬时与其他处理和对照相比有所降低, 但不显著; 处理后土壤细菌多样性在第2茬时显著升高, 并能促进TRF139等有益菌群增殖, 抑制TRF341和TRF501等有害菌群增殖。BS处理土壤能明显提高连作黄瓜的产量并降低根结线虫的病情指数, 在第3茬时产量比对照增加25.9%, 病情指数比对照减少71.4%。生防菌与秸秆配合使用对黄瓜连作土壤微生物的数量和群落结构影响显著, 在一定的连作茬数内能够保证生防菌有效定殖, 抑制病原菌数量增长, 提高土壤微生物多样性, 使土壤微环境达到相对健康的状态。     

西北半干旱荒漠草原与耕地土壤可培养微生物多样性及分布特征比较

采用稀释涂布平板、分离培养和16S r DNA序列分析法对我国甘肃白银地区半干旱荒漠草原土壤可培养细菌、放线菌、真菌数量及群落分布特征进行了分析,比较了荒漠草原和耕地土壤微生物多样性。发现荒漠草原土壤可培养细菌、放线菌、真菌数量分别为1.23×106、0.19×106、0.18×106cfu·g-1,耕地三类微生物数量分别是3.03×106、0.53×106、0.05×106cfu·g-1。荒漠草原可培养细菌、放线菌数量明显低于耕地,而真菌数量高于耕地。从荒漠草原分离出14株细菌,分别属于γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)噬冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter),放线菌门(Actinobacteria)皮球菌属(Kytococcus),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、亮氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)、土壤芽孢杆菌属(Solibacillus)、气球菌属(Aerococcus),优势菌为芽孢杆菌属和噬冷杆菌属。耕地分离出可培养细菌19株,分别属于ɑ-变形菌纲(ɑ-Proteobacteri)根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)、中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium),γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),放线菌门(Actinobacteria)微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、考克氏菌属(Kocuria),以放线菌门细菌为主(占57.9%)。从荒漠草原分离放线菌共8株,分别属于链霉菌属(Atreptomyces)、小单孢菌属(Micromonspora)、间孢囊菌属(Intrasporangium),而耕地主要为链霉菌属(Atreptomyces)、小单孢菌属(Micromonspora)。荒漠草原真菌主要是交链孢霉属(Alternaria)、芽枝霉属(Cladosporium),耕地土壤真菌包括青霉属(Penicillium)、交链孢霉属(Alternaria)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、毛霉属(Mucor)、链孢霉属(Coniothecium)。试验结果表明,荒漠草原与耕地土壤微生物都具有较丰富的多样性,但微生物群落结构存在一定差异,同一区域不同深度土壤中微生物数量和种类也存在差异,耕地土壤微生物多样性明显高于荒漠草原。     

发酵床养猪废弃垫料的资源化利用评价

发酵床养殖技术是基于控制畜禽粪尿排放与污染的一种新型生态养殖模式,但其有机废弃物的处理和应用值得进一步研究.本文测定了我国山东、吉林两省5个发酵床养猪场的废弃垫料的有机质、氮、磷、钾、重金属元素、抗生素和盐分含量以及有害微生物数量.结果表明,废弃垫料中富含有机质、氮、磷、钾等营养元素.其中有机质含量为42.62％～54.12％,全氮1.54％～2.12％,全磷(P2O5)2.24％～5.55％,全钾(K2O)0.57％～2.15％;Cu、Zn、Cr、As、Ni、Pb、Cd、Hg等8种重金属元素含量均符合国家有机肥料农业行业标准(NY 525-2012)和城镇垃圾农用控制标准(GB 8172-1987)的限量标准;土霉素(Oxytetracycline,OTC)、四环素(Tetracycline,TC)、金霉素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)等四环素类抗生素含量低,环境风险小;蛔虫卵和大肠杆菌含量均超过NY 525-2012和GB 8172-1987的规定限值,蛔虫卵死亡率范围为90％～94％,总大肠杆菌的数量范围为1.29×105～2.24×106cfus/g;垫料盐分含量达到22.11～45.71g/kg.评价结论:发酵床废弃垫料具有有机肥料的基本性质,但是盐分含量偏高;肠道寄生虫卵严重超标,具有生物安全隐患,施用前必须对其进行无害化处理.     

Antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juice

We evaluated 17 plant essential oils and nine oil compounds for antibacterial activity against the foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juices in a bactericidal assay in terms of % of the sample that resulted in a 50% decrease in the number of bacteria (BA(50)). The 10 compounds most active against E. coli (60 min BA(50) range in clear juice, 0.018-0.093%) were carvacrol, oregano oil, geraniol, eugenol, cinnamon leaf oil, citral, clove bud oil, lemongrass oil, cinnamon bark oil, and lemon oil. The corresponding compounds against S. enterica (BA(50) range, 0.0044-0.011%) were Melissa oil, carvacrol, oregano oil, terpeineol, geraniol, lemon oil, citral, lemongrass oil, cinnamon leaf oil, and linalool. The activity (i) was greater for S. enterica than for E. coli, (ii) increased with incubation temperature and storage time, and (iii) was not affected by the acidity of the juices. The antibacterial agents could be divided into two classes: fast-acting and slow-acting. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the bactericidal results are related to the composition of the oils. These studies provide information about new ways to protect apple juice and other foods against human pathogens.     

Ecological plasticity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trichoderma</Emphasis> fungi in leached chernozem

The autecological properties of Trichoderma fungi ecotypes isolated from the leached chernozem of the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia have been studied. We were the first who carried out the complex study of the synecological relations of micromycetes of such kinds in a system including the soil, microbial community, and plants, i.e., their relations with soil saprotrophic fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, plants, and pathogenic fungi.     

Biocontrol of soil diseases and soil profile associated with rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sativa Subsp. Japonica) growing paddy fields in Kansai region,Japan

ABSTRACT

This research focused on in vitro and in vivo biocontrol of two major rice diseases, Bacterial Leaf Blight caused by Xanthomonus oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) and Sheath Blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Furthermore, the soil of paddy fields in Kansai region, Japan was analysed for the presence of these pathogens, and their microbial communities were evaluated according to the location and management systems. For biocontrol, the rhizospheric bacteria were isolated and molecularly identified. The results indicated that DAR17225040 and DAR17225017 were 99% similar to Bacillus aryabhattai and Bacillus megaterium. The isolated bacteria were able to suppress Bacterial Leaf Blight and Sheath Blight disease 78% and 86% respectively, under greenhouse conditions. The 16S amplicon sequencing (Illumina MiSeq 250bp) was used to analyse the bacterial community in paddy fields of soil taken from five locations under conventional and organic systems. Xoo and R. solani were detected in sampled soil, however, no clear difference was noted, regarding systems. From amplicon sequencing data, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes were the dominant phyla of rice soil in Kansai region. The phylum Kazan-3B-28 was found more in organic system than conventional. The bacterial community was more affected by location and soil type than by management systems.     

Non-streptomycete actinomycetes as biocontrol agents of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens and as plant growth promoters

Among soil microorganisms, bacteria and fungi and to a lesser extent actinomycetes, have received considerable attention as biocontrol agents of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens and as plant growth promoters. Within actinomycetes, Streptomyces spp. have been investigated predominantly, mainly because of their dominance on, and the ease of isolation from, dilution plates and because of the commercial interest shown on the antibiotics produced by certain Streptomyces spp. Many of non-streptomycete actinomycetes (NSA) taxa are therefore rarely reported in literature dealing with routine isolations of biocontrol agents and/or plant growth promoters from plant and soil. It is clear that special isolation methods need to be employed in routine isolations to selectively isolate NSA. Some interesting information exists, albeit in relatively few reports compared to that on other microorganisms, on the biological activities of NSA, especially in relation to their mechanisms of action in the biological control of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens and plant growth promotion. This review presents an overview of this information and seeks to encourage further investigations into what may be considered a relatively unexplored area of research. Certain soil environmental factors, especially in horticultural systems, could be manipulated to render the soil conducive for the biological activities of NSA. A variety of NSA isolated by selective methods have not only shown to be rhizosphere competent but also adapted for an endophytic life in root cortices. Some of the NSA, including endophytic strains that have shown potential to suppress soil-borne fungal plant pathogens, are able to employ one or more mechanisms of antagonism including antibiosis, hyperparasitism and the production of cell-wall degrading enzymes. Strains of NSA promote plant growth by producing plant growth regulators. Enhancement of plant growth by the antagonists are considered to help the host by producing compensatory roots that mask the impact of root diseases.     

生防链霉菌配施棉秆炭对连作棉田土壤微生物区系的影响

棉花是重要的经济作物,长期连作能引起棉花土壤微生态的失衡、土传病害加重、进而导致产量和品质的下降,影响棉花产业的健康发展。本文以连作棉田土壤为研究对象,进行室内培养试验,在施用生防放线菌黄三素链霉菌(Streptomyces flavotricini)的基础上添加不同量的棉秆炭[0 g·kg~(-1)(CK)、25.0 g·kg~(-1)、50.0 g·kg~(-1)、100.0 g·kg~(-1)],采用微生物计数和16S rDNA基因序列分析的方法,研究两者配施对连作棉田土壤中生防菌数量、微生物数量和种类的影响,为棉花黄萎病的生物防治提供新的思路。研究结果表明:(1)生防放线菌配施棉秆炭对连作棉田土壤中微生物区系有显著的影响。与单施生防放线菌菌剂的处理相比,两者配施显著增加了土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌数量,其中配施25.0 g·kg-1棉秆炭处理使土壤中细菌/真菌数量比(B/F)、放线菌/真菌数量比(A/F)分别增加了5 271.2%和30.8%(P0.05)。(2)土壤中生防放线菌数量随着棉秆炭施用量增加而显著增加,配施100.0 g·kg~(-1)棉秆炭处理显著增加了2 672.8%(P0.05)。棉秆炭具有作为生防放线菌良好载体的潜力。(3)生防放线菌配施棉秆炭也改变了土壤中优势微生物的数量和比例,尤其提高了细菌中芽孢杆菌的数量和所占的比例;100.0 g·kg~(-1)棉秆炭与菌剂配施使土壤中链霉菌的数量及比例显著高于对照,但降低了小单孢菌数量;增加了真菌中米曲梅、黑曲霉和木霉的数量,但使其所占比例降低。由此可以看出,生防放线菌配施棉秆炭能提高连作棉田土壤中生防放线菌的数量,增强生防菌制剂的防病促生作用,改善连作棉田土壤微生物群落结构,在防控棉花连作障碍上具有较大的应用潜力。     

Suppression of the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,a seed-borne rice (Oryza sativa L.) endophytic bacterium

The present work was carried out to study the potential of bacteria isolated from the seeds of rice plant for the biocontrol of five rice pathogenic fungi. Eleven endophytic bacteria isolated from rice seeds were evaluated for their antagonistic potential. Of five pathogens studied, only the growth of Magnaporthe grisea was inhibited by one bacterial isolate in an in vitro dual culture assay. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and biochemical and morphological characteristics, this strain was closely related to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. We named this new isolate to be S. maltophilia SEN₁ (seed endophyte). This isolate was further tested for the production of volatile and diffusible antibiotics against M. grisea, for plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and colonization of some rice cultivars. In addition, S. maltophilia SEN₁ was tested for its ability to promote plant growth and reduce the incidence of rice blast disease under greenhouse conditions. When applied to the soil, this isolate increased seedling growth and suppressed blast disease in plants of three studied cultivars. This study also showed this isolate could colonize the root interior of other rice cultivars. This study indicates that the S. maltophilia isolate studied has an excellent potential to be used as biocontrol agents of M. grisea or biofertilizer under in vitro and in vivo conditions.