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花生根结线虫病是辽西地区多发性花生病害,其危害严重,给农民造成的损失极大.阐述花生根结线虫病的危害特点、田间症状及发病条件,提出对花生根结线虫病的防治措施,以期为该病的有效控制提供理论与技术支持. 相似文献
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随着农业结构调整,设施蔬菜种植面积不断扩大,以及连茬重茬的种植,使得蔬菜根结线虫病成为我市设施蔬菜主要病害之一,成为了当前蔬菜生产上的一大制约因素,为了减少危害,保证农业生产的安全,笔者根据我市蔬菜根结线虫病近几年的发生特点及为害情况,提出了相应的防治技术。 相似文献
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花生作为我国的重要油料作物,它在我国农作物中的地位是很高的.随着人们种植花生的面积越来越大,影响花生种植和生长的因素也越来越多,其中主要的就是病虫害的因素.文章介绍花生主要的病虫害叶斑病、根结线虫病、病毒病及其防治方法. 相似文献
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林业病虫害是指由于各种病原微生物和害虫的侵害而导致的林木生长受限、林木死亡和森林生态系统失衡的现象。林业病虫害防治对于维护森林生态系统的平衡、保护生物多样性、确保林木资源的可持续利用具有至关重要的作用。特别是对于松材线虫病这种破坏性极强的森林病害,采取有效的综合防治措施显得尤为迫切。松材线虫病不仅严重威胁松树种群的生存,还对林业生产和生态环境安全构成了巨大挑战。因此,深入研究和实施科学的综合防治技术,对于减轻和控制松材线虫病的蔓延,具有重大的实践和理论意义。通过病虫害防治,可以控制病虫害的种群数量,维护生态环境的平衡和稳定,针对松材线虫病的防治,需要综合运用监测、管理、生物防治、化学防治等多种手段,以达到有效控制病害发生和传播的目的。因此,本文对林业病虫害防治意义进行了分析,同时对松材线虫病综合防治技术要求进行了阐述,以供参考。 相似文献
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1.发生与为害的现状
蔬菜根结线虫病在我国发生普遍,为害严重,据研究报道,其寄主植物有114科3000多种。在蔬菜上主要有10余科近30余种,多发生在豆科、茄科、葫芦科和十字花科。为害蔬菜的线虫主要是马铃薯金线虫、瓜类根结线虫和根瘤线虫。主要为害地下根茎。尤其是保护地栽培蔬菜类受害严重,已成为保护地无公害蔬菜生产的重大障碍。特别是老蔬菜产区,随着连年重茬种植,线虫病的发病程度逐年上升。 相似文献
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松材线虫病综合防治措施 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
镇江市润州区地处镇江城西南部,是城市近郊。自1988年发生了特大毁灭性、传染性的松材线虫病以来,松类林受到了严重危害,造成了大量松树病死,影响了城市的自然景观和生态环境。近几年来,我们针对松材线虫病传播途径广、蔓延速度快、防治难度大等特点,在省、市林业主管部门的指导下,采取了切实可行的综合防治措施,病死松树株数年年下降,病害的危害已得到了有效的控制,没有因松材线虫病的危害而出现新的“三荒”,有力地保护了全区的森林资源和自然景观,促进了区域经济的发展。在松材线虫病的防治上我们主要采取了以下措施: 相似文献
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1.大豆线虫病防治大豆根线虫又称火龙秧子。大豆线虫病是全株性病害,传染扩散较快,且病原线虫在土壤中可以长期存活,一旦发病便很难彻底消灭,必须采取综合防治 相似文献
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随着山西省设施蔬菜面积的不断扩大,温室大棚蔬菜年年循环种植,造成蔬菜根结线虫病在山西省普遍发生,现已成为设施蔬菜生产上的一种重要病害。一般减产10%~20%,严重发病的温室大棚可减产50%以上。 相似文献
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D. M. Hegde 《Irrigation Science》1987,8(1):13-22
Summary Field experiments carried out at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore during 1983 and 1984 on radish indicated that frequent irrigations when soil matric potential reached –20 kPa at 18 cm depth resulted in maximum root yield, lower NO3-N content in roots, higher N, P, K, Ca and WUE of radish.Contribution No. 63/86 from Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India 相似文献
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Irrigation frequency is one of the most important factors in drip irrigation scheduling, and a proper irrigation frequency
can establish moderate moist and oxygen conditions in the root zone throughout the crop period. Field experiments on the effects
of irrigation frequency on radish growth and water use were carried out in 2001 and 2002. The experiment included six irrigation
frequencies: once every day, once every 2 days, once every 3 days, once every 4 days, once every 6 days and once every 8 days.
There was no significant difference among the six treatments on radish development and yield, but significant differences
in radish roots distribution and market quality were found. Radishes irrigated once every 3 days had well-developed roots
throughout the crop period, the lowest cracking rate and the least number of radishes of Grade 3. The observation results
of lysimeter in 2002 showed that radish evapotranspiration decreased as irrigation frequency decreased, and the general changing
tendency of 2-day ET of high irrigation frequency was related to that of 2-day evaporation. It is recommended that radish
irrigation frequency should be once every 3 days and the irrigation amount should be estimated according to the evaporation
of 20 cm diameter pan in the North China Plain. 相似文献
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典型萝卜力学特性的对比试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用万能试验机对白萝卜和青萝卜进行试验,确定了萝卜皮的拉伸力学特性及萝卜的剪切力学特性,并研究了不同含水率对萝卜力学特性的影响。试验结果表明:含水率对萝卜的力学特性影响比较大。随着含水率的增大,萝卜的抗压性能好,且弹性模量、最大抗压强度及最大载荷逐渐增大;白萝卜皮的抗拉力学特性略大于青萝卜皮,且弹性模量小于萝卜内部;白萝卜与青萝卜的剪切面积与萝卜的最大剪切力呈线性正相关;白萝卜的剪切强度为(0.066±0.024)MPa,青萝卜的剪切强度为(0.082±0.02)MPa,白萝卜的抗剪切能力略小于青萝卜,且萝卜的抗剪切能力远远小于萝卜的抗压能力。 相似文献
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在萝卜幼苗栽植中,基于计算机自动识别技术,通过分析设计萝卜幼苗栽植的的需求,设计优化了其栽植系统。试验表明:设计基于计算机自动识别的萝卜幼苗播种系统,自动识别检测出的萝卜幼苗率达到80%,可实现自动化萝卜幼苗栽植作业,提高效率90%,提高栽植质量98%。在农业实践萝卜幼苗播种中,设计应用基于计算机自动识别的萝卜幼苗栽植系统,已通过试验验证,具有广泛的应用价值。 相似文献
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利用万能试验机对红心萝卜试样进行压缩、剪切及拉伸试验,研究了加载速度、位置对红心萝卜的弹性模量及抗压强度的影响,探索了红心萝卜力学结构,得到了红心萝卜皮的弹性模量和最大抗压强度,确定了红心萝卜的剪切特性。试验表明:加速度对弹性模量及最大抗压强度的影响显著,随着加载速度的增大,红心萝卜的弹性模量逐渐增加,而最大抗压强度先增大、后减小;当加载速度为10mm/mim时,抗压强度最大,红心萝卜头部弹性模量及最大抗压强度最大,中部次之,尾部最小;红心萝卜纵向试样的弹性模量及最大抗压强度大于横向试样的数值,红心萝卜芯部弹性模量及最大抗压强度大于萝卜外部试样的数值,红心萝卜皮的弹性模量及最大抗压强度比萝卜内部的小;红心萝卜的平均剪切强度为0.058MPa,剪切力峰值与试样的横截面积呈线性相关。 相似文献
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《Agricultural Systems》1998,57(1):43-63
Control success with heterorhabditid nematodes varies with nematode species, isolate, production and storage conditions, and environmental conditions after application. These factors affect nematode behaviour. A model was developed that simulates movement of a nematode population in space and time from the moment of application on a sand column until penetration into a host. It was used to identify, (1) which nematode traits can best be used for improvement, and (2) what is the most promising strategy of improvement. The sensitivity of simulated control success of Heterorhabditis spp. against larvae of the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, at low temperatures, to changes in nematode behavioural parameters was quantified and related to genetic or environmental variation found in the nematodes. Parameters characterizing nematode movement had little influence on simulated control success. Parameters characterizing aggregation and arrestment had a large effect on control, but there is no variation in Heterorhabditis for these traits. Parameters characterizing penetration had a moderate effect on control. The most promising option to enhance control by Heterorhabditis in this system would be to raise the proportion infectious nematodes of an isolate up to its genetic maximum, by improving production and storage conditions. Variation in biocontrol would be reduced, resulting in a more reliable product. 相似文献