三种药物驱治绵羊寄生虫及消化道线虫排卵规律的研究

几年来,根据我市绵羊体内外寄生虫种类调查结果,表明我市绵羊体内外寄生虫共有29种,主要危害虫种是胃肠道线虫,其它虫种次之.依据这一客观规律,笔者因地制宜地选择灭虫丁、丙硫苯咪唑、盐酸左旋咪唑三种药物进行了驱虫试验,旨在观察驱虫效果,并测定消化道线虫排卵规律.     

丙硫苯咪唑驱除绵羊胃肠道线虫的试验

丙硫苯咪唑驱除绵羊胃肠道线虫的试验宗泽群汪作民石剑华斯钦昭日格１昭日格图２内蒙古赤峰市畜牧兽医科学研究所赤峰０２４０３１；１巴林右旗幸福之路苏木兽医站；２巴林右旗巴彦他拉苏木兽医站据调查，赤峰地区六月龄以上的放牧绵羊胃肠道线虫感染率达１００％，强度在...     

三种药物对绵羊的驱虫试验

应用清虫佳口服液，丙硫苯咪唑，左旋咪唑对绵羊进行了驱虫效果对比试验。结果表明，3种药物间隔7d分2次用药后，对羊线虫均表现出明显驱虫效果。但清虫佳组粪便虫卵转阴率（90%）要高于丙硫苯咪唑组（80%）和左旋咪唑组（80%）；就对羊肝片吸虫的驱除效果而言。丙硫苯咪唑要好于清虫佳。而左旋咪唑的效果则很差。     

三种常药物对绵羊消化道线虫的驱虫效果比较

虫必清是阿维菌素的商品名，是目前国内外高效、新型的抗寄生虫药物之一，该药对马、牛、羊、兔及家禽的内外寄生虫均有极强的驱杀作用。该药结构上属大环内酯类，其作用机理是增强神经突触后膜对Cl^-的通透性，阻断神经信号的传递。目前，黑龙江省绵羊驱虫药物有左旋咪唑、丙硫咪唑等，这些药物使用时间已较长，为了调查这些药物的抗寄生虫效果，并了解虫必清的抗寄生虫作用，在北安市对3种药物对绵羊消化道线虫驱虫的效果进行了观察，现报道如下。     

左旋咪唑和丙硫苯咪唑对绵羊寄生虫的驱虫结果及分析

左旋咪唑和丙硫苯咪唑是广谱、高效、低毒的驱虫新药，根据报导对各种畜禽的寄生虫有很好的驱虫效果，我们为了掌握这两种驱虫新药在本地对绵羊寄生虫的驱虫效果和最佳的驱虫剂量，对今后这两种药的推广应用提供科学依据，故进行本试验。     

两种药物驱除放牧绵羊线虫的效果对比试验

选用伊维菌素注射剂按0.1,0.2,0.3mg/kg剂量和盐酸左旋咪唑片剂7.5,15,22.5mg/kg剂量对放牧绵羊进行驱虫试验,分别于给药后7d、14d检查效果。结果：伊维菌素组第7d消化道线虫的虫卵减少率分别为99.10%,99.18%和99.21%。14d分别为97.18%,98.91%,99.21%;肺线虫幼虫7d无明显变化,14d减少率分别为96.59%,96.51%,97.37%。左旋咪唑组第7d消化道线虫的虫卵减少率分别为67.79%,93.17%和95.52%,14d分别为54.68%,83.62%,84.30%;对肺线虫第7d幼虫减少率分别为62.76%,58.13%和45.74%,14d分别为0、72.76%,83.72%。试验表明伊维菌素注射液驱虫效果明显优于左旋咪唑片剂。     

Rintal片驱除绵羊消化道线虫的试验

用Ｒｉｎｔａｌ片进行了驱除绵羊消化道线虫试验。结果表明当５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重剂量时对捻转血矛线虫、哥伦比亚线虫、羊仰口线虫、细预属线虫和奥斯特线虫等绵羊消化道线虫的虫卵减少率,虫卵转阴率、虫卵孵化第三期幼虫减少率和第三期幼虫转阴率均可达到１００％,且安全,无任何毒副作用。     

玉溪市仔猪肠道寄生虫的调查

本文报道了玉溪市仔猪感染肠道寄生虫的情况及感染率，共查1055份粪样，阳性689份，阳性率65．3％，共检测到蠕虫虫卵6种、原虫病原体2种，其中61日龄以上仔猪中检出6种，蛔虫、食道口线虫、毛首线虫、布氏姜片吸虫、蛭形巨吻棘头虫、小袋纤毛虫；60日龄的内仔猪7种；蛔虫、食道口线虫、毛首线虫、球首线虫、布氏姜片吸虫、球虫、小袋纤毛虫、感染最普遍的蛔虫，食道口线虫、小袋纤毛虫，在61日龄以上和60日龄内仔猪的感染率分别为61．2％与14．2％、23．7％和23．4％、3．7％秘82．0％。     

3种驱虫药物对内蒙古呼盟地区绵羊胃肠道线虫驱杀效果研究

为了解草原放牧绵羊胃肠道线虫对目前常用驱虫药物的耐药情况,本研究选取呼伦贝尔草原放牧地区绵羊,采用伊维菌素、丙硫咪唑、氯氰碘柳胺钠分组给药,运用粪便虫卵减少试验进行耐药性田间检测。结果显示,伊维菌素组和丙硫咪唑组给药后30 d内试验所设时间点均无羊只粪便虫卵转阴,且平均EPG仍达800以上;氯氰碘柳胺钠组则在60 h时虫卵即开始全部转阴,30 d时仅有少数羊只检出虫卵。本试验结果进一步证实该地区绵羊胃肠道线虫对伊维菌素和丙硫咪唑产生了较强的耐药性,而对氯氰碘柳胺钠则相对敏感,研究结果为有效地防控家畜寄生虫病提供重要的基础研究资料。     

Field observations on the epidemiology of abomasal parasites in young sheep during winter and spring.

A flock of spring born lambs was continuously exposed to natural parasite infection from birth until selected for slaughter in groups of two or three, at monthly intervals throughout winter and spring for abomasal worm counts. Meteorological data were recorded and regular estimates of infective pasture larval availability were made. Parasite population changes and inhibition patterns for Ostertagia spp, Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus axei were recorded. Ostertagia spp were found to survive well both on the pasture and within the host, principally as arrested larvae. H contortus overwintered almost entirely in the host in the inhibited form and T axei overwintered mainly in the host, but in the adult stage.     

A small scale survey of ivermectin resistance in sheep nematodes using the faecal egg count reduction test on samples collected from Scottish sheep

Thirty-eight sheep flocks, predominantly from the south/central Scotland, were examined using a faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) for the presence of ivermectin (IVM) resistant nematodes. Efficacies of less than 95%, 14-17 days post-treatment, were identified in 6 of 17 naturally grazing flocks where pre-treatment faecal egg counts were in excess of 150 eggs per gram. Efficacies on these IVM resistant farms ranged from 66 to 92%. One other suspected cases of IVM resistance was also identified in returned material. The larvae detected in post-treatment coprocultures from resistant flocks were from the genera Teladorsagia (4 from 6) and Trichostrongylus (2 from 6).     

A survey of benzimidazole resistant nematodes in sheep in three countries of southern England.

Faecal samples were collected from 209 randomly selected sheep farms in southern England, and the nematode eggs extracted were tested by an egg hatch assay and by a larval development test for their resistance to benzimidazoles. Benzimidazole resistance was found on 35 per cent of farms tested in East Sussex, 44 per cent in Oxfordshire and 61 per cent in West Sussex.     

黄平县牛羊寄生虫驱虫药物筛选试验

在新州、旧州等五乡镇选牛羊各100头只，分成5组，每组20头只。分别选用丙硫咪唑、左旋咪唑、敌百虫、硫双二氯酚、阿福丁进行药物驱虫效果筛选试验。结果表明丙硫咪唑、阿福丁比另3种药物驱虫更有效。     

The relation of climate and topography to worm egg counts of gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep in the Eastern Cape

Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia and Nematodirus worm populations of sheep based on differential egg counts are considered in relation to climatological and topographical data. Late spring, summer and early autumn rainfalls are related to ground slope to assess wetness. Egg counts indicated that the estimated worm populations in animals in flat areas with low rainfall were as heavy as or heavier than in animals on steep hilly areas with a high rainfall. It is proposed that tactical anthelmintic treatment be based on the degree of wetness of the grazing or farm.