抗噻虫嗪重组全长抗体的制备与特异性识别机制研究

本研究旨在制备抗噻虫嗪的重组抗体,并采用计算机辅助的同源建模和分子对接的方法解析抗体和噻虫嗪的特异性分子识别机制.首先,采用表面等离子共振技术评价了抗噻虫嗪单克隆抗体的识别性能;其次,以抗噻虫嗪杂交瘤细胞株为基因来源,经分子克隆获得了抗体可变区序列,由哺乳动物细胞HEK 293(F)体外表达成功获得了全长重组抗体;最后...     

重组病毒AcMNPV-BmK IT侵染Sf9细胞后凋亡相关基因的表达分析

将从东亚钳蝎中克隆到的兴奋型昆虫毒素基因(BmK IT)同源重组到苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)基因组中,得到重组病毒AcMNPV-BmK IT,抗虫试验表明重组杆状病毒的杀虫活性明显优于野生型病毒,但AcMNPV介导的BmK IT的抗虫分子机制尚未阐明。本试验从草地贪夜蛾Sf9细胞中克隆获得了凋亡相关基因Sfp53,制备了抗体,分析了AcMNPV-BmK IT对Sfp53表达的影响,结果表明被重组病毒感染的细胞所表达的Sfp53时间与表达量与野生型相比都有所提前和提高,说明重组病毒可加速细胞的凋亡;同时通过半定量PCR分析了AcMNPV-BmK IT感染Sf9细胞时病毒抗凋亡基因iap2的表达,结果表明重组型病毒抗凋亡基因iap2表达量减少。以上结果在细胞分子水平上解释了AcMNPV-BmK IT杀虫活性提高的原因。     

小菜蛾中肠氨肽酶N2在昆虫细胞中的表达

利用昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统(Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system)表达获得小菜蛾 Plutella xylostella(L.)中肠氨肽酶N2(aminopeptidase N,APN2)蛋白,成功建立了该蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达体系。将对Cry1Ac毒素敏感和已产生抗性的小菜蛾中肠APN2基因插入表达载体pFAST Bac HTB中,并在草地夜蛾 Spodoptera frugiperda 细胞系(Sf9)中进行了重组表达。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及蛋白免疫印迹技术(Western-blotting)结果显示,在107 kDa处有1条特异性蛋白条带。研究表明,小菜蛾中肠APN2基因可在Sf9细胞中成功表达,这为继续研究其功能及抗性的关系奠定了基础。     

马铃薯Y病毒属三种病毒通用型单克隆抗体的鉴定

构建了马铃薯Y病毒属的大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus,SMV)、马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)、三叶草黄脉病毒(Clover yellow vein virus,CLYVV)的原核表达载体pET28-SMV CP、pET28-PVY CP和pET28-CLYVV CP,经IPTG诱导、表达和纯化,获得SMV、PVY和CLYVV的CP蛋白。采用ELISA方法,用9株实验室制备的单克隆抗体对含SMV、PVY、CLYVV的病毒汁液和纯化的重组CP蛋白进行检测分析。结果表明,9株单克隆抗体均识别SMV病毒,2D3、4F9、4G12和6E7单克隆抗体能够识别PVY病毒,4F9和4G12能够识别CLYVV病毒,但PVY、CLYVV病毒与抗体的亲和力低于SMV病毒;对于重组表达的衣壳蛋白:SMV、CLYVV与抗体2D3、4F9、4G12和6E7反应强烈,PVY与4F9和4G12抗体反应稍强。综上,本研究鉴定出能识别SMV、PVY、CLYVV的通用单克隆抗体4F9和4G12。     

中国小麦花叶病毒(CWMV)复制酶基因在病株体内的表达分析

中国小麦花叶病毒(Chinese wheat mosaic virus,CWMV)是引起我国小麦花叶病的重要病原之一,其基因组由2条单链正义RNA片段(RNA1-2)组成。本研究根据发表的基因组序列设计特异性引物,扩增了CWMV复制酶基因的部分片段(nt102~1101),并克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-6P1,然后导入大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)pLysS中诱导表达。重组的复制酶蛋白经亲和层析纯化后免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体。Western-blot分析表明该抗体具有高度的特异性,能用于病株体内CWMV复制酶蛋白的检测。检测分析显示在病株体内,CWMV基因组RNA1可直接充当其复制酶基因的mRNA;在感染的细胞中,其复制酶组分主要是RNA1 ORF1编码的蛋白,分子量约153 kDa,且特异性地定位于膜结构上。     

禾谷镰孢菌β-1,3-葡聚糖合成酶催化亚基GLS2异源表达体系的建立

本研究旨在利用草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda昆虫细胞Sf9-杆状病毒表达系统筛选禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium graminearum β-1,3-葡聚糖合成酶催化亚基GLS2在昆虫细胞中的异源表达载体和分离纯化所用的去污剂，为后续研究该蛋白与药剂的结合模型提供基础。通过对杆状病毒表达质粒pFastBac进行设计和改造、利用同源重组的方法构建质粒、使用昆虫细胞表达系统对重组蛋白进行异源表达、筛选适合提取目的蛋白的去污剂等方法，得到适合禾谷镰孢菌β-1,3-葡聚糖合成酶催化亚基GLS2异源表达的载体和分离目的蛋白的方法。结果表明，载体pFastBac-GP67-8×His-GFP-TEV-FgGLS2、pFastBac-HA-8×His-GFP-TEV-FgGLS2、pFastBacGP67-6×His-2×Strep-TEV-FgGLS2和pFastBac-FgRHO-TEV-8×His均可在草地贪夜蛾昆虫细胞Sf9表达系统中进行表达，其中：GP67-8×His-GFP-TEV-FgGLS2融合蛋白可以用去污剂十二烷基二甲胺氧化胺(dodecyldimethylami...     

降解赤霉病菌毒素Tri101基因的原核表达及抗体制备

采用RT-PCR方法克隆了编码禾谷镰刀菌单端孢酶烯3-O-乙酰转移酶Tri101基因的cDNA序列,并连接到原核表达载体pGEX-4T2上,将获得的重组载体pGEX-4T2/Tri101转化大肠杆菌BL21后用IPTG进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析表明,经IPTG诱导后,Tri101基因在大肠杆菌BL21中获得了高效表达,融合蛋白GST-Tri101分子量为75.45 kDa。将该融合蛋白切胶纯化后免疫家兔,制备兔抗GST-Tri101多克隆抗体。经ELISA法测定抗体效价大于1∶256 000。Western blot分析表明制备的抗体与原核细胞体外表达的Tri101蛋白可以特异性结合,表明该抗体的特异性良好。应用该抗体验证了感赤霉病小麦中Tri101基因的表达。兔抗GST-Tri101抗体的成功制备,为进一步研究Tri101的生物学功能、细胞定位以及在其它植物中的表达等奠定了基础。     

GFP与水稻条纹病毒病害特异蛋白的融合基因在sf9昆虫细胞中的表达

 用重叠延伸PCR(overlap Polymerase Chain Reaction,overlap-PCR)方法获得了含有绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescence protein,GFP)和水稻条纹病毒(Rice stripe virus,RSV)病害特异性蛋白SP(Disease-specific protein)两者的融合基因(GFP-SP),并将其克隆至载体pMD18-T,得到的重组质粒pMD18-T-GFP-SP经Xba Ⅰ/Hind Ⅲ双酶切后与经相同方法处理过的杆状病毒转移载体pFastBacHTb相连接构建成重组转移质粒pFastBacHTb-GFP-SP。酶切和测序鉴定证明了其序列的正确性并且无移码现象发生。将此质粒转化入含穿梭载体Bacmid的感受态细胞DH10Bac,得到含有目的基因片段的重组杆状病毒穿梭质粒rb-GFP-SP。以之转染草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda,sf9)细胞,24~48h后在显微镜200倍可见光视野下观察到被感染细胞发生了细胞和细胞核变大、细胞内颗粒物增多、细胞脱落甚至裂解等一系列与正常的st9昆虫细胞形态有明显区别的变化。荧光显微镜下可见部分细胞发出清晰的绿色荧光,且大部分荧光集中在细胞质部分。这些结果表明,GFP-SP融合蛋白在st9昆虫细胞内成功表达。     

柑橘溃疡病菌抗铜相关基因copA和 copB的克隆及原核表达

 以柑橘溃疡病菌DNA为模板,对抗铜相关基因copA和copB进行了PCR扩增和克隆,获得了大小分别为1 782 bp 和1 095 bp的目标片段。构建了这2个基因的原核表达载体 (pET-copA和pET-copB),并在大肠杆菌 [Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)] 中成功诱导表达。利用原核表达的融合蛋白免疫大耳白兔,制备了抗copA和copB原核表达蛋白的多克隆抗体。用间接ELISA法测定了所制备的多克隆抗体的效价均为1∶6 400。用所制备的抗体分别对copA和copB的原核表达产物进行Western blot分析的结果显示,在相应位置产生了较强的免疫反应条带,表明所制备抗体能特异性地与相应的抗原发生免疫反应。     

暗黑鳃金龟几丁质脱乙酰酶HpCDA5基因的细胞表达及活性分析

cDNA文库免疫筛选到编码暗黑鳃金龟幼虫几丁质脱乙酰酶HpCDA5基因,序列分析表明HpCDA5含有1个几丁质脱乙酰酶结构域,属于Group V类CDA蛋白。构建重组杆状病毒表达载体pFastBac-HpCDA5,转染昆虫细胞sf9,Western blot分析表明HpCDA5在昆虫细胞sf9中成功表达42 kDa的蛋白。利用qRT-PCR方法分析HpCDA5基因组织表达,结果显示HpCDA5基因在中肠中表达最高,为中肠特异表达蛋白。几丁质结合活性表明HpCDA5蛋白只能被强洗脱剂洗脱,具有很强的几丁质结合活性。本研究通过对暗黑鳃金龟几丁质脱乙酰酶HpCDA5的生化特性研究,为进一步明确HpCDA5的生理功能提供理论依据,并为以HpCDA5蛋白为靶标的暗黑鳃金龟生物防治提供支撑。     

Fully "Recombinant Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays" Using Genetically Engineered Single-Chain Antibody Fusion Proteins for Detection of Citrus tristeza virus

ABSTRACT Recombinant single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFv) that bind specifically to Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), which cause the most detrimental viral disease in the citrus industry worldwide, were obtained from the hybridoma cell lines 3DF1 and 3CA5. These scFv were genetically fused with dimerization domains as well as with alkaline phosphatase, respectively, and diagnostic reagents were produced by expressing these fusion proteins in bacterial cultures. The engineered antibodies were successfully used for CTV diagnosis in plants by tissue print enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and double antibody sandwich-ELISA. The fully recombinant ELISAs were as specific and sensitive as conventional ELISAs performed with the parental monoclonal antibodies, showing the usefulness of recombinant antibodies for routine detection of a virus in woody plants for the first time.     

Fusion proteins of single-chain variable fragments derived from phage display libraries are effective reagents for routine diagnosis of potato leafroll virus infection in potato

ABSTRACT A panel of 11 different single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFv) that bind to potato leafroll virus (PLRV) has been studied to assess each one's suitability as practical diagnostic tools. The scFv, previously obtained from naive phage display libraries, were expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins. The fusion proteins comprised scFv joined to either the human light chain kappa constant domain (C(L)), an amphipathic helix (Zip), a combination of C(L) and Zip, or alkaline phosphatase (AP/S). The fusion proteins were tested for their ability to detect, or trap on enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates, PLRV in extracts of infected potato leaves. The tests done with the different scFv fusion proteins were compared with a standard triple-antibody sandwich (TAS)-ELISA that employs a rabbit polyclonal antibody preparation to coat microtiter plates and a monoclonal antibody, SCR3, to detect PLRV. Of 11 scFvC(L) fusion proteins, 7 detected PLRV as readily as SCR3 when used as detecting antibodies in TAS-ELISA. The limit of detection of purified PLRV for the different scFvC(L) fusion proteins ranged from 250 to 5 ng/ml; that for SCR3 is 5 ng/ml. Of the 11 scFv, 4 cross-reacted with some other luteoviruses. Several scFvC(L) and scFvC(L)Zip fusion proteins trapped PLRV from extracts of infected potato leaves as effectively as the polyclonal antibody preparation. Four scFv fusion proteins were used in a stem print assay to detect PLRV, and the results were similar to those obtained in tests using SCR3. The scFvC(L) fusion proteins retained activity for at least 6 months at 4 degrees C, and all scFv fusion proteins were fully active on reconstitution after lyophilization. A fully recombinant ELISA was devised that detected PLRV in extracts of infected potato, with results comparable to those obtained using the standard TAS-ELISA. The advantages of using scFv fusion proteins for the routine detection of plant viruses include the ability to produce large quantities of reagents cheaply in bacterial fermenters and to incorporate them into standardized tests.     

Single-chain variable fragments antibody specific to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Corynespora cassiicola</Emphasis> toxin,cassiicolin, reduces necrotic lesion formation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hevea brasiliensis</Emphasis>

Corynespora leaf disease poses a serious threat to rubber cultivation because infected leaves develop necrotic lesions and abscise, leaving the tree unproductive. The destructiveness of Corynespora cassiicola has been largely attributed to cassiicolin, a protein toxin secreted by the fungus. Recombinant antibody technology offers hope to curtail the disease whereby single-chain variable fragments (scFv) specific to cassiicolin could bind and deactivate the toxin in genetically modified rubber trees that harbour the antibody gene. A scFv phage library was constructed from heavy and light variable chains of IgG from cassiicolin immunized Balb/C mice spleen. Biopanning of the phage library yielded a scFv clone with high specificity to cassiicolin. The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence information of the scFv were obtained. Hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged scFv expressed in Escherichia coli is discerned as a band at ca. 30 kDa on SDS-PAGE, and the corresponding band was detected by anti-HA IgG on a Western immunoblot. Deactivation of cassiicolin by the affinity-purified scFv was demonstrated in a detached-leaf bio-assay on selected susceptible Hevea clones (PB 260, RRIM 2020, RRIM 901 and RRIM 929). The assay was also performed on clones that are relatively more resistant to the fungus (RRIM 600 and GT-1), and the results were as expected. Thus, we have successfully demonstrated that the cassicolin-specific scFv can effectively reduce cassicolin toxicity.     

番茄溃疡病菌单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备并鉴定番茄溃疡病菌(Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis,Cmm)的单克隆抗体(McAbs),用全菌皮下免疫BALB/C小鼠,采用B细胞杂交瘤技术,经免疫、融合、间接ELISA筛选和克隆等,获得稳定分泌抗体的阳性杂交瘤细胞株,得到了抗番茄溃疡病菌的单克隆抗体。经免疫后获得3株单抗分别为1A4、1C3和1B7,经亚类鉴定分别是IgM、IgG1、IgG1;纯化腹水间接ELISA效价分别为1:3.2×106、1:8.1×105、1:3.2×106;与其他同属不同亚种无交叉反应。结果表明:3株单克隆抗体均具有较高特异性和敏感性,可作为番茄溃疡病菌的检测抗体,其中,1A4的效果最好。番茄溃疡病菌单克隆抗体的获得为进一步研发番茄溃疡病检测试剂盒奠定了基础。     

Establishment of a relationship between grapevine leafroll closteroviruses 1 and 3 by use of monoclonal antibodies

Five stable hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) specific for GLRaV-1, one of the agents involved in the aetiology of grapevine leafroll disease, were produced by fusing a nonsecreting myeloma cell line with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with purified GLRaV-1. The Mabs were characterized for their recognition of virus coat protein by DAS-ELISA and Western blotting. Mab (1G10) reacted specifically in ELISA, immuno-electron microscopy and immunoblotting with both GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 coat proteins. Mab 1C4 detected 25 of the 33 GLRaV-1 isolates, while Mab 1B7 reacted with 32 isolates including the eight isolates not recognized by Mab 1C4. Two of these hybridoma lines (2F11 and 2F3) are now used routinely for the immunodiagnosis of GLRaV-1.     

Selection of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Specific Single-chain Fv Antibodies from a Semi-synthetic Combinatorial Antibody Library

Methods for the generation of monoclonal antibodies against plant viruses are limited because current hybridoma techniques do not allow efficient exploitation of the immune repertoire. Moreover, the immunization procedures often lead to a bias towards an immunodominant contaminant in the immunogen preparation and not to the plant virus itself. The selection of six different single-chain antibody variable fragments (scFv) against beet necrotic yellow vein virus from a semi-synthetic human combinatorial antibody library showed the feasibility of the phage display system. No bias towards minor contaminants in the purified virus preparation was observed in ELISA, as all the selected scFvs reacted only with beet necrotic yellow vein virus infected plant homogenates. In addition, two of the isolated beet necrotic yellow vein virus-specific scFvs could be produced in E. coli as a scFv fusion protein with alkaline phosphatase, and were applied in ELISA as specific ready to use antibody-enzyme conjugates. Because of their specificity, these antibodies have potential to be used as reagents in sensitive diagnostic assays for routine testing for beet necrotic yellow vein virus in sugar beets.     

Molecular characterization and in planta detection of Fusarium moniliforme endopolygalacturonase isoforms

The activation of Fusarium moniliforme endopolygalacturonase (endoPG) was studied during infection of maize plants. EndoPG is a plant cell wall degrading enzyme that cleaves the pectin component causing cell death. The authors generated several hybridoma cell lines producing endoPG specific monoclonal antibodies. One monoclonal antibody was selected and successfully used in Western blotting analysis to detect F. moniliforme endoPG secretion in vitro and in planta. Two F. moniliforme strains (FC-l0 and 62264) were used for the studies. Both strains revealed the expression of a single endoPG in vitro as in planta. EndoPG from strain FC-10 presented four isoforms whereas only two isoforms were revealed in the endoPG from strain 62264. Differences were also found in the sequences of the two endoPG genes indicating the presence of endoPG variability among F. moniliforme strains.     

小麦矮缩病毒外壳蛋白基因的原核表达、抗体制备及应用

 小麦矮缩病毒(Wheat dwarf virus,WDV)引起的小麦矮缩病是近年来我国小麦生产中的一种重要病毒病害,急需研发快速精准的检测技术用于预测预报和病毒-介体相互作用的研究。本研究应用Gateway重组技术构建了外壳蛋白基因(Coat protein, CP)的原核表达载体,将重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌Rosetta,经IPTG诱导获得CP基因原核表达蛋白。以重组蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰大白兔制备得到了相应的抗体,Western blot检测表明制备的抗体能与CP重组蛋白、感病小麦和带毒叶蝉特异性结合,说明获得的抗体特异性高。用获得的抗体进行免疫荧光标记,观察到病毒分布在介体叶蝉的前中肠和中中肠部位,为WDV的预测预报和介体条沙叶蝉传毒机制的研究奠定了基础。     

Monoclonal antibody for the detection and identification of a phytoplasma associated with rice yellow dwarf

One stable hybridoma clone, 247B11, secreting specific monoclonal antibody (MA) against the mycoplasmalike organism (MLO), newly be termed phytoplasma, associated with rice yellow dwarf (RYD) was produced by employing an immunization scheme for inducing the immunological tolerance of mice to rice antigens prior to the administration of RYD-phytoplasma immunogens. Neonatal BALB/c mice were first injected with nontarget rice antigens present in the immunogen preparation and were immunized intrasplenically with RYD-phytoplasmaenriched antigens prepared by Percoll density-gradient fraction 6 wk later. The MA was of the IgG1 class. With this MA, RYD-phytoplasma in diseased rice was specifically detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescent staining and tissue-blotting techniques. Antibody titer determined by indirect ELISA for hybridoma-culture supernatant was 5120. The antibody recognized two polypeptides, 16 kDa and 41 kDa of RYD-phytoplasma determined by western blotting. RYD-phytoplasma was differentiated serologically from the phytoplasmas associated with sweetpotato, peanut, loofah, paulownia, andIpomoea obscura witches' broom, aster yellows (NJ strain), elm yellows, and sugarcane white leaf both in indirect ELISA and immunofluorescent staining.