污泥蚓粪对匍匐翦股颖草生长的影响

在塑料大棚内采用盆栽试验方法研究污泥蚓粪作为草坪坪床基质改良剂对基质理化性状和草生长的影响,并与泥炭进行了对比,以确定污泥蚓粪作为坪床基质改良剂的可行性,为开拓生活污泥资源化利用途径提供理论基础。结果表明：污泥蚓粪的加入增加了基质的养分供应,可促进草的生长,缩短草坪成坪时间。20g·kg-1和40g·kg-1蚓粪处理的草屑量分别是40g·kg-1泥炭处理的2.4倍和3.3倍。20～80g·kg-1蚓粪处理草的再生速度和叶绿素含量均大于40g·kg-1泥炭处理。但高含量的污泥蚓粪会抑制草坪草的生长,使草坪成坪时间延长,且成坪后盖度较差,质地较粗。实际建设中20～60g·kg-1的污泥蚓粪用量较为合适。污泥蚓粪具备取代泥炭成为坪床基质改良剂的潜能,可成为生活污泥农业工程利用的有效途径。     

喀斯特浅层裂隙土壤垂向渗透性及影响因素

为探究喀斯特浅层裂隙所赋存土壤各土层渗透性特征及影响因素,测定了喀斯特典型的浅层裂隙中赋存土壤0—10,10—20,20—30,30—50,50—70,70—100 cm土层的饱和导水率、机械组成、容重、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度和有机碳含量等土壤属性。结果表明:(1)喀斯特浅层裂隙中各土壤属性均随着土层深度变化呈现出递增或递减的趋势,其中容重、黏粒含量、毛管孔隙度均随着土层深度而增长,饱和导水率、有机碳、非毛管孔隙度等土壤属性随土层深度的变化规律相反,呈递减趋势。(2)喀斯特浅层裂隙中土壤饱和导水率变异系数高于非喀斯特地区,且随土层深度变化呈波动增长趋势;其随土层深度变深而减小的趋势可用对数函数进行模拟(R^2=0.9462)。(3)通过Pearson相关性分析,裂隙中所赋存土壤的饱和导水率除了与机械组成中黏粒含量、粉粒含量为显著性相关(P<0.05),与砂粒含量相关性不显著以外(P>0.05),与其余各土壤属性均呈极显著性相关(P<0.01),且非毛管孔隙度相关性最高(P=0.898)。浅层裂隙土壤非毛管孔隙是影响其渗透性的主要因子,而裂隙中深层土壤拥有较多善于贮存植物所需水分的毛管孔隙。因此,对于土地资源匮乏的喀斯特地区,充分合理利用裂隙中深层土壤的水分成为今后研究的重点。研究结果可为喀斯特地区水分运移、石漠化治理及植被恢复提供科学依据。     

润湿剂对我国草本泥炭物理性状改善的作用

本试验以国产草本泥炭为材料,设置5个润湿剂喷施浓度处理:以不喷施处理为对照(CK),分别喷施50(T_(50))、100(T_(100))、200(T_(200))和300 ml m~(-3)(T_(300)),研究不同处理对国产草本泥炭物理性状的影响。结果表明,润湿剂喷施浓度100~300 ml m~(-3)处理的泥炭总孔隙度较对照显著增大,其中喷施100 ml m~(-3)处理的总孔隙度和持水孔隙度分别提高了7.23%和16.79%,通气孔隙度降低了17.33%。泥炭大小孔隙比随喷施浓度增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,以喷施100 ml m~(-3)的处理最低,为27.54%;以喷施300 ml m~(-3)时最高,为43.48%。喷施润湿剂对泥炭pH值无显著影响,其饱和含水量显著升高,以喷施100 ml m~(-3)时最高,达222.38%,该处理在24 h和144 h的泥炭水分散失速率均显著低于对照。泥炭连续3次充分湿润时间均表现为T_(300)T_(200)T_(100)T_(50)CK。综上所述,润湿剂喷施浓度为100 ml m~(-3)的处理有效提升了国产草本泥炭的孔隙特性和保水性能,可为国产优质泥炭的生产提供理论参考。     

贵州西部四种典型林地土壤水文特性研究

对贵州省西部地区桦木林、柳杉林、华山松林和杉木林4种典型林地土壤的物理性质和水文特性进行了初步研究。结果表明：4种林地土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、贮水深和毛管持水深均随土壤深度的增加而增大,总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、最大持水深和渗透性具有随土壤深度的增加而减小的趋势。综合评价4种典型林地土壤物理性质和水文特性,桦木林地土壤平均非毛管孔隙（16.29%）和渗透性（2.77mm/min）最大,表现出较强的蓄水能力;华山松林地土壤平均总孔隙度（66.70%）最大,表现出较大的持水深。     

城市绿地的持水性能以及影响因素研究

以黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市街道绿地为例,运用土壤理化分析手段研究了城市绿地土壤的持水性能。结果表明:研究区城市绿地土壤孔隙度以非毛管孔隙为主,非毛管孔隙所占比例在85%以上。受踩踏较轻的草坪地带土壤以及公园表层土壤的饱和含水率较高,最高可达50%。经常处于践踏的城市绿地土壤紧实,容重在1.5 g cm~(-3)以上。受到压实的土壤地表的植被缺失,土壤的饱和含水率和渗透速率都显著的小于没有压实的土壤(P0.05)。相关分析和主成份分析的结果表明,容重和电导率与城市绿地土壤的渗透性成显著负相关的关系,有机质量、孔隙度以及饱和含水率则与土壤渗透系数成显著性正相关。研究区单位面积(1 m~2)地表枯落物最大持水量高达5.75 kg,对于保持城市绿地的持水效应有十分重要的作用。适当保持城市绿地地表的枯枝落叶,减少绿地踩踏,适当增加草坪面积对于保持城市绿地土壤的水分和改善局地生态环境具有十分重要的意义。     

长白山不同林型土壤水源涵养功能特征

为了研究长白山森林水源涵养功能,连续3年在长白山研究了3种主要森林类型(针叶林、针阔混交林、阔叶林)土壤特性和水源涵养功能。结果表明:(1)不同林型土壤密度随土层深度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势,相同土层土壤密度大小基本表现为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林。不同林型土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度均随土层深度的增加呈逐渐降低趋势,相同土层土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度基本表现为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林;然而相同土层毛管孔隙度大小基本表现为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林。(2)土壤总孔隙度和土层深度以指数函数方程拟合最好,而土壤总孔隙度土层深度以对数函数方程拟合最好,其中针阔混交林相关系数最高。(3)土壤剖面各层次的自然含水量、土壤通气性、饱和蓄水量、最大持水量、有效持水量、毛管蓄水量和非毛管蓄水量均随着土层深度的递增而逐渐降低,相同土层自然含水量、土壤通气性、饱和蓄水量、最大持水量、有效持水量、毛管蓄水量和非毛管蓄水量基本表现为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林。(4)不同林型土壤稳渗速度、渗透系数(K_1,K_(10))随土层深度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势,相同土层基本表现为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林。(5)相关性分析表明土壤渗透性能与总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度均为极显著正相关关系(p0.01),与毛管孔隙度呈极显著负相关关系(p0.01),其中,非毛管孔隙状况对土壤渗透性的影响更为显著。层次分析法显示,不同林型综合能力范围为0.714～0.956,大小排序为针阔混交林针叶林阔叶林。     

红松阔叶混交林不同演替阶段土壤肥力与林木生长的关系

运用对比和统计分析方法,研究小兴安岭红松阔叶混交林进展演替系列4个阶段（形成阶段、发展阶段、稳定阶段和顶级群落阶段）的土壤肥力、林木生长以及土壤肥力与主要树种生长的关系。结果表明：随着林分演替进展,林分中针叶树种（红松、云杉和冷杉）树高、胸径、蓄积量增加,白桦、山杨等阔叶树种蓄积量则不断减小;土壤物理性状得到改善,土壤渗透性、饱和持水量、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度增大;土壤有机质、全氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量逐渐增加;表层（0—10cm）土壤pH值逐渐减小。红松阔叶混交林各演替阶段土壤密度、pH值与林木树高、胸径呈负相关;土壤饱和持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、全氮均与林木平均树高、平均胸径呈正相关。相关性因树种不同而有所差异。运用主成分分析方法证明。土壤饱和持水量、毛管孔隙度、有机质和硝态氮是影响林木生长和不同演替阶段土壤肥力的主要因子。不同演替阶段土壤肥力排序为原始林〉稳定阶段〉发展阶段〉形成阶段。土壤肥力向着良性发展。     

土壤渗透性的区域变化规律及因子分析

通过应用数据挖掘和数据整合方法,以建立我国土壤渗透性数据库,并对影响土壤渗透性的各因子综合分析,揭示土壤渗透性的区域变化规律。结果表明:(1)土壤渗透性呈现明显的区域性变化,表现为西南地区<华北地区<东北地区。西南地区土壤渗透力最差,稳渗速率对数值为-0.5～-2.0;华北、东北地区整体数值均在0.5以上,土壤渗透力较强。(2)在影响土壤渗透力的各因子中,气候类型及林龄通过影响植被来间接改善土壤渗透力;植被能有效提升土壤渗透力,但不同植被类型间土壤渗透力并无显著差异;随土层深度的增加,土壤渗透力有所下降。土壤有机质、土壤容重及非毛管孔隙度对土壤渗透力的影响均存在一个阀值,其值分别为30%,1.0g/cm^3,30%。当各因子值超过此阀值,其对土壤渗透力的影响减弱。为更好地探究土壤类型对土壤渗透力的影响作用,在今后的研究中应加强对土壤结构、团聚体等数据的分析。(3)海拔、土层深度及土壤容重对土壤渗透力的影响主要通过影响土壤中非毛管孔隙数量来起作用的。非毛管孔隙度是影响土壤渗透力的主导因子,通径系数为0.34。     

城市污泥堆肥用于生产碱茅草无土草坪的研究

根据混料设计{3,2}单形格子理论设计,分别从理化性状、碱茅草生长生理指标、草坪综合质量和草坪生产周期等方面分析了稻糠、污泥堆肥和蛭石不同比例混合基质的优劣。研究表明:稻糠与堆肥混合基质(T4),蛭石与堆肥混合基质(T6),稻糠、蛭石和堆肥混合基质(CK1)的容重适中,营养充足,pH和EC值适宜,适合草坪草生长。与大田(CK2)相比,含堆肥基质可显著提高叶绿素含量;T6、CK1的根系活力稍有降低,但提高了草坪草过氧化氢酶活性,而T4根系活力和过氧化氢酶活性稍有降低;且三者的游离脯氨酸含量虽有所增加,但无显著差异(P0.05)。综合评价草坪草质量以CK1最高,T4、T6次之。通过建立基质配比与生产周期的关系模型模拟优化共得5 151套基质组合方案,其中生产周期最短为18 d,共1 335套方案,体积分数范围分别为:0≤x1(稻糠)≤90%,10%≤x2(污泥堆肥)≤30%,0≤x3(蛭石)≤84%;因此,以稻糠、蛭石和污泥堆肥等开发高质量碱茅草无土草坪栽培基质是完全可行的。     

风化矸石山不同侵蚀微生境的基质理化性质与水分特征

[目的] 研究不同侵蚀微生境下基质的理化性质与水分特征,为揭示其植被定居与恢复的驱动与限制机制提供理论基础,为北方早期矿区废弃地植被重建的实践提供科学参考。[方法] 以裸坡、细沟、浅沟与堆积体为研究对象,研究其基质的机械组成、容重、毛管孔隙度、pH值、电导率与水分特征及其相互关系。[结果] 各粒径基质在不同侵蚀微生境间变化各异,而且不同土层间存在差异。不同侵蚀微生境基质容重大小表现为：浅沟＞细沟＞裸坡＞堆积体,而毛管孔隙度大小表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟。不同侵蚀微生境基质的pH值无显著性差异,但其在不同土层变化有所差异;电导率均表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟,且在10—20 cm土层高于0—10 cm土层。不同侵蚀微生境的基质含水率与毛管持水量均表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟,裸坡与浅沟的基质含水率与毛管持水量均在上坡位最低,而细沟的在中坡位最低。[结论] 风化矸石山基质水分特征主要受容重和毛管孔隙度影响显著,裸坡和堆积体砂粒和中粗粒相对较多,水分较好,可为植被定居与恢复提供安全生境。     

A Laboratory Column Study on the Biodegradation of Toluene and Methyl tert–Butyl Ether: The Effect of Substrate Interactions

Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is one of the most effective remediation technologies for soil and groundwater contamination. Soil particles can be mobilized by air perturbation during SVE, resulting in the differentiation of porous media, which has not been well addressed. This paper developed a numerical method to study the flow pattern and quantify the change of porous media for the first time. Based on the mass equilibrium and Darcy’s law, a two-phase water–air flow model was constructed with integration of saturation, relative permeability, and capillary pressure during SVE. Relationship between porosity and saturation was deduced and coupled with the two-phase flow model for quantifying change of porous media in real time. Results reveal that both porosity and permeability increase sharply in the early stage of SVE then gradually to a quasi-steady state. These increases in vadose zone tapered off with distance from the SVE screen and the steady period occurred later as well. The influence radius of a single SVE well and the change degree in porosity and permeability of media were proportional to the extraction vacuum and the driving coefficient C, which is more sensitive than extraction vacuum according to the simulation results. Knowledge from this modeling exercise provides a useful tool to estimate the change of remediated zone and assess the environmental risk of remedial activities at real-world contamination sites.     

汶川地震区土壤物理性质与渗透性的坡面分布特征

以汶川县草坡河流域为研究区域,探讨震后4种恢复类型的土壤物理性质和渗透性的坡面分布特征.结果表明,(1)由于地震造成的生态破坏,土壤容重、总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和毛管孔隙度等物理性质在坡面分布表现出显著差异.(2)坡面不同部位对自然植物恢复坡面的最大持水量有显著的影响,表现为坡上>坡中(坡下);对有植物长期演替的对照坡面的非毛管持水量有显著的影响,其表现为坡上>坡中>坡下.(3)不同恢复类型土壤入渗率在空间格局上表现不一致,但在时间格局上表现出相同的3区段变化趋势,土壤渗透速率与入渗时间呈非线性关系,经拟合表现出对照地块的土壤渗透数学模型的拟合度最高,且随坡面部位下移拟合度越高.(4)同一坡位的渗透性能在不同恢复类型坡面上表现出明显的差异:对照地块>人工种植>自然恢复>完全裸露,坡位对同一恢复类型土壤渗透率在坡面水平分布上的影响表现为坡上高于坡中和坡下.     

三峡库区典型林分林地土壤抗蚀抗冲性研究

通过对三峡库区重庆缙云山四种典型林分（针阔叶混交林,阔叶林,楠竹林和灌木林）林地土壤的抗蚀抗冲特征研究表明,林地土壤抗蚀指数为农地土壤的1.3~1.9倍。各林分林地土壤抗蚀指数的顺序为灌木林最大（78.4）,阔叶林最小（53.3）。抗蚀指数随着土层的增加而减弱。林地土壤抗蚀指数与其相关因子毛管孔隙度,稳渗率,非毛管孔隙度,< 1 mm根长关系最密切。除楠竹林外,各林分林地土壤抗冲系数大于农地（1.2~1.9倍）。林地土壤抗冲性的强弱是其相关因子综合作用的结果。     

Determination of total phosphorus in soil using simple Kjeldahl digestion

Abstract

Following observation of severe chlorosis and dieback of meri‐stem tissue in asparagus seedlings started in the greenhouse in a soilless media, a study was conducted to determine if the growth patterns were associated with one or more of the media components. Asparagus seedling growth using several potting media was compared. Treatments included single component media, washed sand, perlite, peat, Plainfield loamy sand [a local soil (PLS)], plus 1: 1 mixtures of peat/perlite, washed sand/peat, PLS/perlite, washed sand/peat, and PLS/peat. Abnormal growth patterns were observed in several of the media. Chlorosis was associated with high pH which occurred in perlite, washed sand, and their combinations. Chlorotic plants were characterized by low root and fern dry weights and low fern to root ratios. Meristem dieback occurred in several media treatments and did not appear to be pH related. Plants exhibiting dieback had fern to root ratios approaching 1 if they were not also affected by chlorosis. Nutrient availability was suspected to be a cause but this hypothesis was not substantiated by data collected in this experiment. Asparagus growth in a mixture of Plainfield loamy sand and peat was the highest and was similar to that of field grown seedlings.     

碳源调理剂对黄瓜秧堆肥进程和碳氮养分损失的影响

由于中国蔬菜产地的黄瓜秧无害化处理与循环利用缺乏针对性的使用技术,这类废弃资源多成为当地的环境污染源。该文以黄瓜秧为原料(空白对照,CK)进行高温好氧堆肥,并在此基础上设置2组处理,即把玉米秸秆(CS)和木本泥炭(WP)作为辅助碳源调理剂,按照C/N比为25添加到物料中。通过对比分析不同处理的CO2和氨气的排放速率和累积量、物料损失率、有机质含量、p H值、电导率(EC)、发芽指数等指标,研究外加碳源对黄瓜秧堆肥过程和碳氮氧分损失的影响,以期实现对黄瓜秧堆肥化进程进行工艺优化,并降低碳氮元素以气态形式的损失,进而减少温室气体排放。结果表明:玉米秸秆和木本泥炭作为外加碳源调理剂,可以减少物料损失量,加速堆肥腐熟进程,其中尤以玉米秸秆效果更佳。但是,玉米秸秆的添加会增加整个堆肥过程中有机质的降解和CO2的排放强度,提高累积排放量(100g/kg),而木本泥炭会减少有机质的降解总量和CO2的累积排放量(77g/kg);玉米秸秆和木本泥炭都有利于控制堆肥过程中氨气的排放,且作用时间和机理不同。综合考虑堆肥进程和气体损失,木本泥炭作为碳源调理剂的改良效果更优于秸秆,应进一步研究两者联合使用的效果。     

Effect of additions of brown coal and peat on soil solution composition and root growth in acid soil from wheatbelt of western Australia

Abstract

Additions of several categories of organic materials including fresh plant materials, compost, manure, coal derived products, and peat have been shown to ameliorate soil acidity. The main effect is increased soil pH and the corresponding decrease in soil solution and exchangeable aluminum (Al). The organic matter addition is expected to decrease the solubility of soil aluminum so that lower activities are maintained at a given pH value, but this effect has not been tested. Aluminum solubility was investigated after addition of brown coal and peat to an acid soil. Root length was used as a bioassay for the acid ameliorating properties of the organic materials. Addition to soil of brown coal and peat resulted in changes in Al activity in the soil solution. The negative log of Al activity (pAl) was directly proportional to the soil solution pH. A single pAl‐pH line could describe the control, calcium chloride and organically treated soil samples. This line was parallel to that of gibbsite. The intercept was greater suggesting undersaturation with respect to that mineral. The coal and peat applied at the rate of 1 and 2% had little effect on the solubility of soil Al. Any decrease in Al activity was solely dependent on increased soil pH. Relative root length was inversely related to Al activity. This relationship was improved by including base cations in the index of Al phytotoxicity. This index could provide the basis for evaluating the value of brown coal and peat in ameliorating soil acidity.     

人工龙须草与紫穗槐的水土保持效应

为解决豫西南丘陵坡地的水土流失问题,开展了种植龙须草、紫穗槐与次生植被的对比试验。结果表明,人工种植龙须草、紫穗槐改善了土壤的物理性状效果显著(p<0.05),使土壤容重分别降低了9.15%和10.56%,土壤总孔隙度分别增加了10.56%和12.28%;土壤非毛管孔隙度分别增加了38.64%和42.93%;土壤毛管孔隙度分别增加了4.78%和5.98%。种植龙须草、紫穗槐土壤蓄水保水能力提高显著(p<0.05),其中土壤毛管最大持水量分别增加了15.35%和18.49%,土壤饱和含水量分别增加了18.14%和19.57%,土壤饱和贮水量分别增加了4.10%和4.42%。人工种植龙须草、紫穗槐土壤的渗透率提高显著(p<0.05),其分别是次生植被的2.09倍和2.17倍。茎叶吸水率:龙须草>紫穗槐>次生植被。试验还表明,种植龙须草和紫穗槐3a后,地面径流深、土壤侵蚀量和土壤养分流失量低于次生植被。     

Physical and Chemical Changes in Container Media in Response to Bark Substitution for Peat

Physical and chemical properties of container media are important factors in controlling the supply and movement of water and nutrients for nursery plant growth. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical properties and quality of media formulated with systematic substitution of composted pine bark (bark) for sphagnum peat (peat) in the presence of sand. Ten formulations were prepared that contained 40-90% bark, 0-50% peat, and 10 or 20% sand by volume. Increasing the percentage of bark increased the percentage of coarse particles, and linearly decreased the medium-sized particles in media in either 10% or 20% sand. Increasing the percentage of bark in the media significantly decreased water holding capacity, whereas bulk and particle densities and total porosity were influenced by the interaction of bark x peat x sand. Increasing the percentage of bark increased electrical conductivity and total C, P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn. Availability of nutrients were also increased by increasing percentages of bark. Substitution of bark for peat did not influence the pH of the formulated media. Our results suggest that formulated media with 70 to 80% composted pine bark and 10 to 20% peat (V/V) exhibited physical and chemical properties considered optimum for the growth of container nursery plant crops.     

Numerical analysis of soil water dynamics in a soil column with an artificial capillary barrier growing leaf vegetables

An artificial capillary barrier (CB ), which consists of two layers of gravel and coarse sand, was used to improve the soil water retention capacity of the root zone of sandy soil for the cultivation of Japanese spinach (Brassica rapa var. perviridis ). The performance of a CB under specific conditions can be evaluated using numerical simulations. However, there have been relatively few numerical studies analyzing soil water dynamics in CB systems during crop growth. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the performance of a CB during the cultivation of Japanese spinach irrigated at different rates and (ii) to investigate the effect of the irrigation schedule on root water uptake. Numerical analysis was performed using HYDRUS ‐1D after the soil hydraulic properties of the CB materials were determined. In most cases, the HYDRUS ‐1D results agreed well with the experimental soil water content data without any calibration when the dual‐porosity model describing soil hydraulic properties was used for gravel and coarse sand. We found that the dual‐porosity model was able to attenuate the unrealistically steep reduction in the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity predicted by the single‐porosity model. The numerical simulations also showed that the CB played an important role in maintaining plant‐available water in the root zone while maximizing the water use efficiency. The numerical simulations revealed that the irrigation frequency could be reduced by half during the early growth stage, and the water use efficiency could be greatly improved with the CB layer installed.     

基于木本泥炭快速构建红壤新垦耕地优质耕作层技术与效果

为了探究木本泥炭对红壤岗地新垦耕地优质耕作层构建的机理以及木本泥炭相对于其他有机物料对红壤新垦耕地的改良效果,采用田间小区试验的方法,研究添加不同有机物料对红壤新垦耕地0—20cm耕作层土壤理化性质和微生物生物量以及水稻产量的影响。试验共设6个不同处理:CK(不添加改良材料)、M30FS(木本泥炭30t/hm2+腐熟秸秆3t/hm2+石灰石粉3.75t/hm2)、M15FS(木本泥炭15t/hm2+腐熟秸秆3t/hm2+石灰石粉3.75t/hm2)、CFS(生物炭15t/hm2+腐熟秸秆3t/hm2+石灰石粉3.75t/hm2)、OFS(有机肥15t/hm2+腐熟秸秆3t/hm2+石灰石粉3.75t/hm2)和FS(腐熟秸秆3t/hm2+石灰石粉3.75t/hm2)。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,添加木本泥炭与有机物料处理显著降低了耕作层土壤容重,提高了土壤总孔隙度和pH,且添加木本泥炭与有机物料处理中土壤肥力均有不同程度提高,其中土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾含量分别提高了36.41%～88.53%,2.22%～37.78%,6.25%～93.75%和27.57%～85.60%,土壤硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和有效钾含量分别提高了17.21%～134.85%,1.42%～72.76%,8.71%～156.79%和12.99%～332.39%。(2)添加木本泥炭与有机物料处理对耕作层土壤微生物生物量影响比较明显,与对照相比,各处理中土壤微生物量碳和氮含量分别显著增加了52.95%～219.00%和121.45%～548.73%。(3)添加木本泥炭与有机物料处理中水稻产量均明显提高,其中M30FS增产效果最明显,增幅为39.53%。(4)利用聚类分析方法将添加不同有机物料处理下新垦耕地耕作层土壤质量等级划分为3级,分别为:一级(M30FS)、二级(M15FS,OFS,CFS)、三级(FS,CK),其中经M30FS处理后土壤质量水平等级最高。添加木本泥炭与有机物料可显著降低新垦耕地耕作层土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度和pH,解决了红壤黏重和酸化的特征,且土壤养分和微生物量碳、氮含量均得到了提高,改善了土壤理化性状和生物学特征,提高了水稻产量,其中添加30t/hm2木本泥炭对红壤新垦耕地优质耕作层构建效果最明显。