改进CERES-Rice模型模拟覆膜旱作水稻生长

覆膜旱作是节水稻作生产体系的重要措施之一,采用CERES-Rice模型模拟覆膜旱作水稻生长需另外考虑覆膜的增温效应和根系层土壤水分布差异及由此所带来的影响。该文借鉴部分旱地作物的相关研究成果,对原CERES-Rice模型中的积温和土壤温度、蒸发和土壤水分胁迫等模拟计算过程进行了改进,并进一步通过2个水稻生长季的田间试验予以验证。试验于2013、2014年在湖北房县进行,共涉及淹水(对照)、覆膜湿润栽培和覆膜旱作共3个水分处理,采用原模型和改进模型分别对2个生长季、2个覆膜处理的生育期、叶面积指数与地上部干物质质量的变化过程及产量进行模拟。结果表明:原CERES-Rice模型难以准确刻画覆膜旱作水稻的生长发育过程,经改进后,模拟效果大大改善,可有效反映环境变化(水分、温度)对覆膜水稻生育进程的影响和产量形成,维持生育期与产量模拟的相对误差在15%以内;覆膜水稻叶面积指数的动态模拟基本满足要求,其均方根差≤1.54 m~2/m~2、相对均方根差≤27%、建模效率≥0.85;对覆膜水稻地上部干物质质量变化过程的模拟也呈现出较好的效果,均方根差和相对均方根差分别小于1 490 kg/hm~2、16%,建模效率则高于0.95。总体而言,经改进后的CERES-Rice模型基本可满足要求,较好地用于模拟覆膜旱作水稻的生长发育规律。     

水稻旱作覆膜的增温保墒效果及其对生育性状影响研究

通过对水稻旱作覆膜增温保墒效果的系统研究,表明水稻旱作覆膜具有显著的增温效果和较好的保墒作用。由于覆膜的增温保墒作用,旱作覆膜后的前期生长比不覆膜旱作、水作旺盛,分蘖盛期来得早,使水稻旱作覆膜比不覆膜有显著的增产效果     

黑龙江西部浅沟覆膜种植模式在玉米苗期的增温特性

2018年5−6月在黑龙江省玉米主产区的富裕县,通过设置玉米大垄双行浅沟覆膜种植模式（FM）和裸地（CK）对比试验,对两种模式的地下5cm表层土壤温度和地上5cm近地表气温进行24h连续观测,分析比较两种模式下的温度变化及差异,并进一步评价浅沟覆膜种植模式的增温特性和优势。结果表明：浅沟覆膜种植模式相比裸地有显著的增温效应。增温主要在玉米种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长前期,即破膜放风前,表层地温和近地表气温分别显著提高2.8℃和6.1℃。白天和夜间温度均有升高,增温作用白天大于夜间。在幼苗生长后期,即破膜放风后,表层地温和近地表气温略有下降,但降温主要在白天,夜间增温作用明显,温度日较差平均减小3～4℃。覆膜时段表层地温和近地表气温的日最低温度表现为一致增温,表层地温的最低温度显著升高2.0℃。浅沟覆膜种植模式较裸地积温增加35%,约提早生育期8d。研究结果表明浅沟覆膜种植模式在玉米出苗及幼苗生长期增温效果明显,能够减轻玉米苗期低温、大风等灾害的影响,可以为提高玉米对热量资源的利用率、科学引种和优化种植结构等提供依据。该模式全程机器作业,操作容易,便于大范围推广,在黑龙江省乃至东北地区寒地玉米生产中具有广阔的应用前景。     

根系吸水模型模拟覆膜旱作水稻气孔导度

为构建覆膜旱作水稻根系吸水模型,进一步改进气孔导度模型,该文在湖北十堰开展包含3个水分处理(淹水、覆膜湿润和覆膜旱作栽培)的田间试验,分析覆膜旱作水稻蒸腾(根系吸水)与根长之间的关系,在此基础上建立覆膜旱作水稻根系吸水模型,并将其代替彭曼(Penman-Monteith,PM)方程来估算蒸腾强度,进而与脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)参与调控的气孔导度模型耦合,模拟覆膜旱作条件下水稻气孔导度的日变化过程。结果表明,水稻蒸腾与根长呈线性正比关系(R~2=0.96,P0.05),据此建立的根系吸水模型可以较好地模拟覆膜旱作水稻的蒸腾(根系吸水)规律,使蒸腾强度模拟值和实测值间的相对误差基本控制在15%以内;经改进后的Tardieu-Davies气孔导度模型(TD模型)可有效描述不同土层根系吸水流中的ABA浓度及不同根系层ABA的合成对木质部蒸腾流中总ABA含量的贡献,可较好地模拟气孔导度的日变化过程。改进TD模型大大提高了模拟精度,使相对误差不超过7.0%。该研究可为覆膜旱作水稻生理节水机理和水分利用效率评估提供一定的理论依据。     

CERES-Rice模型在江汉平原的验证与适应性评价

基于江汉平原武汉、荆州农业气象试验站双季早、晚稻及单季中稻多年田间试验数据和同期逐日气象数据,在利用GLUE参数估计模块结合"试错法"对模型参数标定基础上,对CERES-Rice模型叶面积指数及生物量动态、发育期、成熟时地上部生物量、产量等的模拟能力进行了验证。结果表明,模型对水稻发育期模拟较好,开花期和成熟期的模拟误差在3d以内,其中对感光性较弱的早稻模拟最好,感光性较强的晚稻模拟最差;生育期内叶面积指数和生物量动态模拟良好,一致性指数分别达0.98和1.0;模拟产量和地上部总生物量的相对均方根误差分别为8.72%和5.91%,总体效果较好,其中生殖关键期遭遇寒露风的晚稻产量NRMSE为11.16%,模拟效果偏差。说明CERES-Rice模型在无明显异常天气条件下对江汉平原地区水稻模拟具有较好的适应性,CERES-Rice模型可为江汉平原水稻生育期预测提供技术支撑,在考虑极端天气条件胁迫产量形成过程的基础上,可应用于该地区气象影响评价及产量预报业务。     

不同覆膜方式对旱砂田西瓜土壤温度及产量和品质的影响

在传统砂田增温保墒基础上,为进一步提高对土壤的增温效果,提高砂田生产效率,在甘肃皋兰干旱山区的砂田上进行全地膜覆盖(FM)、起垄覆膜(RM)、半地膜覆盖(HM)、和不覆膜(CK)4种栽培模式试验。结果表明:各覆膜处理在5cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm、25 cm土层的日地温、西瓜各生育时期平均地温及积温均为全覆膜>起垄覆膜>半覆膜>不覆膜,但随着土层的加深,增温效果逐渐减弱。各覆膜处理西瓜果实比不覆膜处理提前10 d左右成熟,并且西瓜产量和品质均以全覆膜(FM)最优,其产量及可溶性糖含量分别比传统半覆膜提高26%和10%。     

覆膜与不覆膜条件下地温场特性研究

分析了野外实测的1999年种植季节地温资料,将覆膜后地温与不覆膜地温进行对比,分析了种植季节地温特征的变化规律.同时分别研究了800、1400及2000观测的覆膜与不覆膜条件下相邻5 cm土壤耕作层地温的相关性,这3个时间覆膜与覆膜与不覆膜条件下地表0 cm与各耕作层地温之间的相关性,以及同样3个时间同深度覆膜与不覆膜地温的相关性.上述相关关系均可用确定的线性关系表达,拟合的相关系数较高.     

不同覆膜种植对土壤水热和冬小麦产量的影响

为探索不同地膜颜色和种植方式对土壤水热及冬小麦产量的影响,设置黑、白两种地膜颜色及平作和垄作两种种植方式。通过使用TRIME-TDR及地温计对不同覆膜处理整个生育期内土壤水分和温度的监测,探究不同覆膜种植对农田土壤水热动态变化和冬小麦产量的影响。结果表明:（1）在作物越冬期—返青期,覆膜处理增温效果最为显著,较对照该时期增加了1.3℃,在作物拔节期—灌浆期,覆膜受植株茂密遮阳影响,增温效果不显著;无论是平作还是垄作,黑膜处理其表层5 cm土壤温度均高于白色覆膜和对照不覆膜处理;一天内,黑、白覆膜处理表层5 cm土壤温度最高值较对照分别增加4.9℃和5.7℃。（2）整个生育期,0—20 cm耕层内土壤含水率变化波动最显著,起垄覆膜处理耕层土壤含水率平均较平作覆膜处理和对照处理分别提高5.04%和14.82%。在起垄覆黑膜处理作物生育期内,抽穗期0—100 cm土层蓄水量处理提高最为显著,较对照增加45.2 mm。（3）起垄覆黑膜增产节水效果最显著,产量较对照处理增加658.7 kg/hm²;水分利用效率较对照提高16.3%。在丰水型年,由于降水充沛,不同种植方式间土壤水分利用效率差异不显著。该结果对于覆膜种植技术的改进有一定的指导意义。     

覆膜旱作稻田土壤有效N、P、K及盐分分层变化研究

以常规水作和裸地旱作作对照,对覆膜旱作栽培条件下稻田各土层(0～60cm)土壤有效N、P、K和盐分含量变化作了比较研究。结果表明:与常规水作相比,覆膜旱作稻田10～15cm土层的碱解氮与有效磷含量显著增加,其余差异不大。与裸地旱作相比,覆膜旱作稻田5～15cm土层的碱解氮含量及5～20cm土层的有效磷含量显著增加,其余差异不大。与常规水作和裸地旱作相比,覆膜旱作稻田土壤速效钾含量在20cm以上土层增加明显。当地下水位较高时,覆膜旱作稻田0～5cm表层土壤表现积盐,地下水位较低时表层表现脱盐。     

华南地区覆膜旱种稻田甲烷排放及其与土壤水分和温度的关系

采用静态箱法和田间小区试验,研究了常规稻田和覆膜旱种稻田水稻全生育期CH4的排放规律,探讨了温度和水分与稻田CH4排放的关系。结果表明:覆膜旱种稻田的甲烷排放量明显低于常规水田的排放量,常规水田的甲烷累计排放通量为20.38g/m2,覆膜旱种稻田为2.46g/m2,水稻覆膜旱种后甲烷排放量降低了88%。常规水田CH4排放峰期持续了35d,覆膜旱种稻田CH4排放峰期为25d,两者在CH4排放高峰期的排放量分别占整个生育期累计排放量的72%和97%。覆膜旱作稻田CH4排放量降低,主要表现在最大排放峰值降低和排放峰持续时间缩短。土壤温度(5cm处)和水分与水稻生育期稻田甲烷的排放有显著正相关。CH4排放通量大于1.0mg·m-2·h-1主要集中在土壤质量含水率高于36.25%的区域,在土壤质量含水率小于36.25%时,常规稻田和覆膜旱种稻田都只有少量CH4排放。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.     

Enhanced establishment and growth of giant cardon cactus in an eroded field in the Sonoran Desert using native legume trees as nurse plants aided by plant growth-promoting microorganisms and compost

To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.     

Variation in quality parameters between and within 14 Nordic tree fruit and berry species

Abstract

A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species.     

Karyotypic and genome size variation in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and some wild relatives

Detailed karyotypes and 4C DNA amounts have been studied in five cultivars of Cajanus cajan and 20 species belonging to Cajanus, Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx. C. cajan shows intraspecific variability and its karyotype is most similar to that of C. cajanifolius (sect. Cajanus) in the morphology and number of satellite chromosomes and the lack of any correlation between chromosome size within the complement and asymmetry. Karyotypes of C. lineatus and C. sericeus belonging to sect. Atylia are similar with respect to maximum r-index and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosomes in their respective complements. C. acutifolius (sect. Frutocosa) is distinct in having a very low ratio (1.44) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes, while in C. albicans, C. goensis, C. scarabaeoides (sect. Cantharospermum) there is no chromosome pair with r-index >2.0. C. mollis and C. volubilis (sect. Volubilis) show similarity with regard to ratio between the longest and the shortest chromosomes and a distinct chromosome pair with an arm ratio of 2.7 and C. platycarpus is distinct (sect. Rhynchosoides) in having the smallest ratio (1.36) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes. 4C DNA amounts in Cajanus and Rhynchosia vary between 3.28 pg to 11.69 pg and 4.92 pg to 11.13 pg respectively, while in Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx these vary between 4.70 and 7:06 pg. In the genus Cajanus karyotypic features and 4C DNA amounts agree with the sectional classification and bring out a close relationship between C. cajan and C. cajanifolius. This is supported by studies based on seed protein patterns, isozyme analysis, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor patterns, RFLP and RAPD data and crossability relationships. A clear relation between DNA amount and abnormalities effecting the extent of pairing and recombination in interspecific hybrids shows the importance of this study in developing future breeding programme involving C. cajan and its wild relatives that are of potential value.     

Effect of some fungicide seed treatments on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybean [Glycine max. (L) Merr.]

Several commercial fungicide seed treatments were evaluated for their possible effect on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans in a greenhouse and a field experiment. quinolate Pro (carbendazim and oxine copper), Vitavax 200FF (carboxin and thiram), and Monceren (pencycuron) had a small effect or no effect on the survival of B. japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans. They can thus be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation. Germipro UFB (carbendazim and iprodione), Apron 35J (metalaxyl), and Tachigaren (hymexazol) decreased B. japonicum survival and the nodulation and yield of soybeans and thus cannot be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation.