广西巴马小型猪供核细胞的传代培养和冷冻保存及肌肉成纤维细胞HDAC1基因的mRNA的表达

本试验旨在建立猪颗粒细胞、胎儿成纤维细胞和新生巴马小型猪不同组织来源成纤维细胞的分离及传代培养技术体系和冷冻保存方法,并比较猪卵丘/颗粒细胞和新生巴马小型猪肌肉成纤维细胞HDAC1基因的mRNA表达的差异,从分子水平上鉴定新生巴马小型猪肌肉成纤维作为供体细胞的可行性。运用组织块贴壁培养方法分离不同来源的组织细胞进行培养,并比较了常规冷冻保存和微量冷冻保存对细胞复苏率的影响,同时,运用实时定量PCR的方法检测猪卵丘/颗粒细胞和新生巴马小型猪肌肉成纤维细胞HDAC1基因mRNA表达的动态变化。研究结果表明：（1）猪颗粒细胞单层细胞的生长需要5～6d;用组织块法获得猪胎儿成纤维细胞单层的生长时间为10～11d;用组织块法可以成功地对新生巴马小型猪的肌肉、肺、肾脏、心、睾丸组织的成纤维细胞进行分离和传代培养,肾和睾丸组织的成纤维细胞贴壁生长后,长满形成单层细胞需要12～13d,而肺、肌肉和心脏组织的则需要15～16d。（2）细胞的微量冷冻保存效果优于常规冷冻保存（P〈0.05）。（3）猪卵丘/颗粒细胞与新生巴马小型猪肌肉成纤维细胞HDACl mRNA的相对表达量为1.000比0.985,两者差异不显著（P〉0.05）。新生广西巴马小型猪不同组织来源的成纤维细胞的分离及传代培养和微量冷冻法,丰富了这种猪体细胞的分离培养种类,为其体细胞核移植研究提供了丰富的供体细胞,并从表观遗传的角度分析,鉴定了新生巴马小型猪胎儿成纤维细胞与猪卵丘/颗粒细胞一样适合作供体,为核移植前的供体细胞鉴定提供了新的方法。     

供体细胞种类及性别对猪体细胞核移植效果的影响

本研究通过比较胎儿成纤维细胞、颗粒细胞、卵丘细胞和不同性别猪胎儿成纤维细胞的核移植效果,探讨供体细胞的种类及性别对猪体细胞核移植重构胚胎发育潜力的影响。结果表明:胎儿成纤维细胞的融合率(64.74%)高于颗粒细胞的融合率(51.05%)和卵丘细胞的融合率(56.89%),但3种细胞的卵裂率及囊胚率差异不显著(P>0.05);胎儿成纤维细胞、颗粒细胞和卵丘细胞均可作为供体细胞用于构建猪体细胞核移植的重构胚。雄性胎儿成纤维细胞核移植重构胚的融合率和分裂率与雌性胎儿成纤维细胞重构胚的融合率和分裂率相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但雄性胎儿成纤维细胞核移植重构胚的囊胚率显著低于雌性胎儿成纤维细胞核移植重构胚的囊胚率(P<0.05)。     

猪颗粒细胞和胎儿成纤维细胞的分离培养与冷冻保存试验报告

本试验利用从成熟后的猪卵母细胞中获得的颗粒细胞与胎儿成纤维细胞作为下一步猪体细胞核移植的供核细胞作好准备,为转基因猪的研究奠定了基础。对从成熟卵母细胞中获得的颗粒细胞进行分离培养和冷冻保存;采用室温消化法分离培养猪胎儿成纤维细胞。结果表明,接种后的原代颗粒细胞和猪胎儿成纤维细胞经过5～6d后均可连生铺满皿底,细胞排列有序,可用于继代培养;猪胎儿成纤维细胞进行冷冻解冻后可以存活。利用成熟后的猪卵母细胞的颗粒细胞,可以简单而快速地分离与培养;通过室温消化法可以分离培养猪胎儿成纤维细胞,并且经过冷冻解冻后可以复苏存活,其存活率为80.2%。     

猪胎儿成纤维细胞和耳皮肤成纤维细胞培养方法的研究

为了研究猪胎儿成纤维细胞和耳皮肤成纤维细胞的分离培养体系,根据取样组织的不同,筛选出最佳的培养方法,试验以猪胎儿和耳皮肤为试验材料,用4种不同的培养分离方法,即胰酶热消化法、胰酶冷热结合消化法、胰酶室温消化法和组织块培养法,分离培养猪胎儿成纤维细胞和耳皮肤成纤维细胞,对比培养效果,筛选出最佳的培养方法。结果表明:胰酶室温消化法分离的猪胎儿成纤维细胞存活率显著高于胰酶热消化法和胰酶冷热结合消化法(P<0.05),细胞贴壁效果好,且操作简单;猪耳皮肤成纤维细胞原代培养中,胰酶热消化法和胰酶室温消化法分离的细胞数量少,组织块培养法所需的组织量少,且较胰酶冷热结合消化法操作简单。试验中培养的细胞呈典型的成纤维细胞形态,生长曲线呈"S"型,经冻存复苏后生长状态良好,说明胰酶室温消化法是猪胎儿成纤维细胞较好的培养方法,胰酶热消化法和胰酶室温消化法是猪耳皮肤成纤维细胞原代培养的理想培养方法。     

牛胎儿皮肤成纤维细胞体外培养及其特性研究

该试验研究了牛胎儿皮肤成纤维细胞的分离、培养、纯化方法及其生长特征.牛胎儿皮肤细胞贴壁传代2～4次.可成功获得均一稳定的成纤维细胞群体.取传至4代的牛胎儿皮肤成纤维细胞进行细胞计数,并绘制其生长曲线.     

转双基因(pGH/IGF-Ⅰ)猪胎儿成纤维细胞系的建立及鉴定

本研究旨在建立转双基因（pGH/IGF-Ⅰ）猪胎儿成纤维细胞系,保存转双基因猪的成纤维细胞以便于后续细胞水平研究。试验采用胰蛋白酶消化法对猪胎儿躯干组织进行原代培养,通过原代培养、细胞传代、冷冻保存等成功分离出转双基因猪胎儿成纤维细胞,并对细胞进行了形态学观察、冻存前和复苏后细胞活力检测、生长动力学分析、波形蛋白免疫组化及微生物污染检测等生物学特性分析。结果显示,原代细胞经过胰蛋白酶消化和差速离心分离培养出成纤维细胞,冻存前细胞活力为94.3%,冻存3个月后细胞复苏后活力为91.2%;细胞生长总趋势呈“S”型,经历了潜伏期、指数生长期和平台期3个阶段;细胞波形蛋白在成纤维细胞中呈阳性反应;细胞的细菌、真菌、病毒和支原体检测均为阴性。结果表明本试验成功建立了转双基因猪成纤维细胞系。     

胎儿成纤维细胞的培养分离方法对猪体细胞核移植胚胎发育潜力的影响

研究采用不同传代的培养方法和不同方法处理及不同培养分离法探讨胎儿成纤维细胞的处理方法对猪体细胞胚胎发育潜力的影响。结果表明:(1)100%长满汇合胎儿成纤维细胞的核移植融合率高于70%～80%的胎儿成纤维细胞(P<0.05),分裂率高于血清饥饿培养的胎儿成纤维细胞(P<0.05),但囊胚率差异不显著(P>0.05);(2)猪胎儿成纤维细胞冷冻-解冻后的核移植分裂率和囊胚发育率均显著低于新鲜和4℃冷藏的细胞(P<0.05),但融合率无显著差异(P>0.05),表明猪胎儿成纤维细胞解冻后不宜直接进行核移植;(3)采用组织块法和酶消化法分离得到的胎儿成纤维细胞所构建的重构胚胎在融合率、分裂率和囊胚率方面没有显著差异(P>0.05)。表明100%长满汇合培养是较好的猪胎儿成纤维细胞培养处理方法;猪胎儿成纤维细胞解冻后不宜直接进行核移植;组织块法和酶消化法均可用于分离培养猪体细胞核移植的胎儿成纤维细胞。     

不同因素对山羊原始生殖嵴细胞体外分离培养与克隆的影响

从本地槐山羊胎儿中,将原始生殖细胞与其生殖嵴周围组织细胞共同分离,经传代培养后获得了具有干细胞特征的山羊胚胎生殖(EG)细胞。结果表明:高糖DMEM培养基和低糖DMEM培养基相比较,低糖DMEM更适宜于山羊EG细胞的分离与克隆;EG细胞在山羊胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层上生长效果较好,可传4代或5代,而在小鼠成纤维细胞饲养层上EG细胞仅传3代;联合添加白血病抑制因子(LIF)、干细胞因子(SCF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)能显著提高山羊EG细胞分离与克隆的效率;胎龄为30～45d的胎儿原代培养时可获得大量的细胞集落,克隆培养可传至5代,适合做山羊EG细胞的分离培养。     

猪MSTN基因敲除载体的构建及细胞筛选

构建猪肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,MSTN)基因的打靶载体并获得敲除MSTN基因的猪胎儿成纤维细胞.以Puro为正筛选基因,白喉毒素-A(DT-A)为负筛选基因.将同源长臂和同源短臂分别插入Puro基因的两侧.同源长短臂分别为4 294 bp和1 015 bp,定点敲除MSTN基因的部分内含子2和部分外显子3.采用FugeneHD 转染法将打靶载体转入37 d的猪胎儿成纤维细胞中,转染后的细胞采用嘌呤霉素筛选.结果显示,成功构建了对猪MSTN基因部分区域进行敲除的打靶载体,共得到48个具有药物抗性的细胞克隆,经PCR检测,获得2个正确同源重组的细胞克隆.     

猪Mx1基因真核表达载体的构建、鉴定及其表达

为获得转Mx1基因的阳性陆川猪成纤维细胞,本研究以干扰素诱导猪成纤维细胞Mx1基因表达,提取细胞总RNA,RT-PCR获得编码猪Mx1蛋白的cDNA;以pMSCV-IRES-GFP为骨架构建猪Mx1基因表达载体pMSCV-IRES-GFP-Mx1,并利用脂质体2000介导重组质粒转染陆川猪胎儿成纤维细胞,通过荧光观察和PCR检测分析结果表明Mx1蛋白基因整合进入陆川猪胎儿成纤维细胞。     

猪睾丸间质细胞的分离及培养

为丰富体细胞核移植的供体细胞种类,本研究对猪睾丸间质细胞的分离和培养方法进行了系统研究。运用酶消化法和钢网过滤筛选法获得的猪睾丸细胞,呈现圆形、细胞体积较大,培养4~6 h后开始贴壁;培养48 h后,贴壁增殖;培养3~5 d后可形成单层细胞。这一研究结果为研究和建立睾丸间质细胞体外培养体系提供技术方法和试验依据。     

低氧对牛体细胞体外增殖的影响

本研究通过比较常氧(20%)和低氧(5%)环境下培养牛体细胞的生长效果,进而探讨低氧对牛体细胞体外增殖的影响。选用牛的3种常用核移植供体细胞(胎儿成纤维细胞、胎儿输卵管上皮细胞、卵丘颗粒细胞)分别在常氧和低氧2种培养环境下进行连续传代培养和细胞克隆培养,并对其倍增水平和细胞克隆形成效率作比较分析。结果显示,5%的低氧环境对这3种细胞的体外增殖均有促进效果,而且各细胞的增殖水平(50.61±2.47、16.35±0.43、43.38±0.84)均显著高于常氧组(27.42±0.23、12.14±0.83、32.76±1.53,P<0.01)。以500个·皿-1(直径100mm)的细胞浓度接种培养的情况下,低氧培养的胎儿输卵管上皮细胞的克隆形成效率((53.05±4.62)%)显著高于常氧组((36.68±5.68)%)(P<0.01),而低氧组胎儿成纤维细胞和卵丘颗粒细胞获得的细胞克隆数只是略多于常氧组,差异并不显著(P>0.05)。当以1个.孔-1的细胞浓度接种于96孔板培养时,低氧组各类细胞的单细胞克隆形成效率((21.60±2.37)%、(22.29±5.42)%、(27.92±3.69)%)显著高于常氧组((12.01±1.42)%、(7.92±2.86)%、(10.49±3.07)%)(P<0.01或P<0.05)。将体外培养条件的常氧含量(20%)调减至更接近体内生理状况的低氧含量(5%)可以延长牛体细胞增殖寿命和提高单细胞克隆形成效率,对细胞生长有很好的促进作用。     

Development potential of transgenic somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos according to various factors of donor cell

The present study was conducted to establish an efficient production system for bovine transgenic somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, the effect of various conditions of donor cells including cell type, size, and passage number on the developmental competence of transgenic SCNT embryos were examined with their expression rates of a marker gene. An expression plasmid for human prourokinase was constructed by inserting a bovine beta-casein promoter, a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene, and a human prourokinase target gene into a pcDNA3 plasmid. Three types of bovine somatic cells including two adult cells (cumulus cells and ear fibroblasts) and fetal fibroblasts were prepared and transfected with the expression plasmid using a liposomal transfection reagent, Fugene6, as a carrier. In Experiment 1, three types of bovine cells were transfected at passages 2 to 4, and then trypsinized and GFP-expressing cells were randomly selected and used for SCNT. Developmental competence and rates of GFP expression in bovine transgenic SCNT embryos reconstructed with cumulus cells were significantly higher than those from fetal and ear fibroblasts. In all cell types used, GFP expression rates of SCNT embryos gradually decreased with the progression of embryo development. In Experiment 2, the effect of passage number of cumulus cells in early (2 to 4) and late (8 to 12) passages was investigated. No significant differences in the development of transgenic SCNT embryos were observed, but significantly higher GFP expression was shown in blastocysts reconstructed with cumulus cells at early passage. In Experiment 3, different sizes of GFP-expressing transfected cumulus cells [large (>30 microm) or small cell (<30 microm)] at passages 2 to 4 were used for SCNT. A significant improvement in embryo development and GFP expression was observed when small cumulus cells were used for SCNT. Taken together, these results demonstrate that (1) adult somatic cells as well as fetal cells could serve as donor cells in transgenic SCNT embryo production and cumulus cells with small size at early passage were the optimal cell type, and (2) transgenic SCNT embryos derived from adult somatic cells have embryonic development potential.     

猪输卵管上皮细胞、颗粒细胞、耳上皮细胞及胎儿成纤维细胞的培养

本文培养了猪输卵管上皮细胞、颗粒细胞、耳上皮细胞、胎儿成纤维细胞等几种细胞 ,比较了几种细胞原代和传代培养的特点 ,发现原代培养时猪耳组织、胎儿组织消化后的单细胞和剩余细胞团块一起培养 ,其生长速度较单个细胞快。 4种细胞中颗粒细胞体积最大 ,生长速度最慢 ,传代密度须保持 2× 10 5 ml以上为宜。     

Cell cycle analysis of bovine cultured somatic cells by flow cytometry

This study was undertaken to examine the cell cycle characteristics of bovine fetal and adult somatic cells (fetal fibroblasts, adult skin and muscle cells, and cumulus cells) after culture under a variety of conditions; 1) growth to 60-70% confluency (cycling), 2) serum starvation, 3) culture to confluency. Cell -cycle phases were determined by flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining enabling the calculation of percentages of cells in G0 /G1, S and G2 /M. The majority was in G0/G1 regardless of cell type and treatment. Serum-starved or confluent cultures contained higher percentages of cells in G0/G1 (89.5-95.4%; P < 0.05). Percentages of cells in G0/G1 increased as cell size decreased regardless of the cell type and treatment. In the serum-starved and confluent cultures, about 98% of small cells were in G0/G1 . Serum-starved cultures contained higher percentages of small cells (38.5-66.9%) than cycling and confluent cultures regardless of cell type (P < 0.05) . After trypsinization of fetal fibroblasts and adult skin cells that were serum-starved and cultured to confluency, the percentages of cells in G0/G1 increased (P < 0.05) on incubation for 1.5 (95.7-99.5%) or 3 hr (95.9-98.6%). These results verify that serum starvation and culture to confluency are efficient means of synchronizing bovine somatic cells in G0/G1, and indicate that a more efficient synchronization of the cells in G0/G1 can be established by incubation for a limited time period after trypsinization of serum-starved or confluent cells.     

提高猪囊胚后期贴壁能力的优化培养体系

为了提高猪孤雌囊胚贴壁率,试验从饲养层及培养液两方面研究猪孤雌囊胚贴壁能力;用小鼠、猪和牛的胎儿成纤维细胞制作饲养层,分别添加DMEM、NCSU-23、DMEM/NCSU-23培养液,探讨猪孤雌囊胚在3种饲养层上的发育效果。结果表明,BEF饲养层能更好地促进猪孤雌囊胚贴壁生长,其囊胚贴壁率为33.67%,与MEF饲养层组的囊胚贴壁率(19.08%)之间差异显著(P0.05),与PEF饲养层组之间囊胚贴壁率差异不显著(P0.05),MEF饲养层组和PEF饲养层组之间囊胚贴壁率差异不显著(P0.05);在BEF牛胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层组,用猪胚胎培养液NCSU-23培养猪孤雌囊胚后,囊胚贴壁率(22.53%)显著高于DMEM培养液组(10.41%)和DMEM/NCSU-23培养液半量混合组(12.05%)(P0.05),DMEM培养液组和DMEM/NCSU-23培养液半量混合组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。牛胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层和猪胚胎培养液NCSU-23能更好地促进猪孤雌囊胚后期贴壁。     

Production efficiency and telomere length of the cloned pigs following serial somatic cell nuclear transfer

The aim of the present study was to examine the production efficiency of cloned pigs by serial somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and to ascertain any changes in the telomere lengths of multiple generations of pigs. Using fetal fibroblasts as the starting nuclear donor cells, porcine salivary gland progenitor cells were collected from the resultant first-generation cloned pigs to successively produce second- and third-generation clones, with no significant differences in production efficiency, which ranged from 1.4% (2/140) to 3.3% (13/391) among the 3 generations. The average telomere lengths (terminal restriction fragment values) for the first, second and third generation clones were 16.3, 18.1 and 20.5 kb, respectively, and were comparable to those in age-matched controls. These findings suggest that third-generation cloned pigs can be produced by serial somatic cell cloning without compromising production efficiency and that the telomere lengths of cloned pigs from the first to third generations are normal.     

Establishment and Identification of a Fetal Fibroblast Cell Line with Double Transgenic (pGH/IGF-Ⅰ) Porcine

This study was aimed to establish a fetal fibroblast cell line of double transgenic (pGH/IGF-Ⅰ) pigs,and reserve fibroblast cells of double transgenic pigs for the follow-up study.A method of trypsin digestion was adopted to isolate and culture body tissues from pregnant porcine,and porcine fetal fibroblasts were isolated successfully through primary culture,subculturing and cryopreservation.The morphological observation,determination of viability before cryopreservation and after recovery,dynamic growth analysis,vimentin immunohistochemistry and microbial contamination detection were all done to study the biological characteristics of the cell line.The results showed that the fibroblasts were cultured and isolated successfully by trypsin digestion and differential centrifugation.The cell viability before cryopreservation and after recovery were 94.3% and 91.2%,respectively.The growth curve was sigmoidal,and experienced the incubation period,exponential growth period and platform three stages.The vimentin immunohistochemistry was positive,the microbial contamination detection were all negative.The results indicated that a fibroblast cell line of double transgenic porcine was successfully established.