Effect of varied fermentation periods on the diabetogenic potential of toasted cassava granules.

The effects of exclusive gari diets prepared using varied fermentation periods on the fasting blood glucose levels (FBGL) and glucose tolerance (GT) of rats were studied. Thirty growing male albino rats divided randomly into 5 groups of 6 rats each were used. The 5 groups were each fed gari diets fermented for 0, 24, 48, 72 hours; and a standard rat diet, respectively, for 8 weeks. Data on the total cyanogen content and % crude protein of the diets; FBGL, GT, body weight, water:feed consumption ratio and clinical observations of the rats were collected. Results showed that the total cyanogen content and % crude protein of the diets were depleted as fermentation periods increased. The FBGL of all the gari-fed rats were significantly elevated and their GT significantly impaired with a significant variation between the groups. The elevated FBGL and impaired GT which were found to increase with increase in fermentation period were strongly inversely correlated to the % crude protein content of the diets (r = -0.92 and -0.96 respectively) suggesting that the diabetogenic potential of gari diets strongly depended on its % crude protein content. Shortened fermentation periods leading to production of gari with high total cyanogen content did not induce higher diabetogenicity.     

Ca2^＋对花生幼苗耐热性和活性氧代谢的影响

以10mmol?L CaCl2溶液处理花生幼苗叶片后，置于培养箱40度高温培养，定时测定有关生理生化指标，,试验结果表明，Ca2 处理能有效抑制高温胁迫对叶绿素的破坏，可溶性蛋白含量下降和膜透性加大，显著降低高温胁迫诱导O2^-形成和脂质过氧化反应，提高和保护SOD等抗氧化酶系活性，使花生幼苗活性氧代谢维持较高水平。     

MeJA对低温胁迫下冬小麦抗寒生理及关键基因表达量的影响

植物激素作为一种信号分子,在植物响应低温胁迫中起重要作用。本研究以东农冬麦1号为材料,在田间三叶期用0.5、1.0和2.0 mmol·L~(-1) MeJA喷施小麦叶片,在大田自然降温条件下,探讨外源MeJA对其抗寒生理及 TaPDF1.2、 TaCOI1、 TaMYC2基因表达量的影响。结果表明,MeJA处理降低了低温胁迫下东农冬麦1号叶片及分蘖节的相对电导率和MDA含量,提高了脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的积累,提高了抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性;在不同处理浓度中,1.0 mmol·L~(-1) MeJA效果最好,处理后小麦返青率达91.5%;-10℃时,叶片和分蘖节内积累的保护性物质最多,保护性酶活性最强。东农冬麦1号分蘖节比叶片具有更强的抗寒性。此外,1.0 mmol·L~(-1)外源MeJA处理显著提高了东农冬麦1号叶片及分蘖节中 TaPDF1.2、 TaCOI1、 TaMYC2基因的表达量。     

Effect of La(NO3)3 on the Physiological Indices of Cold Tolerance in Livistona chinensis Seedlings

用0、100、200、300、400、500、600 mg/L硝酸镧溶液喷施蒲葵幼苗叶片作为处理,每天喷施1次,连续3d.在20、5、12和10℃下分别处理24h后测定叶片的丙二醛、可溶性糖和叶绿素含量以及叶绿素a/b的比值.结果表明:硝酸镧溶液处理的幼苗丙二醛含量都比对照低,而且随温度变化幅度小,而可溶性糖和叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b比值均比对照高.硝酸镧处理可有效改善上述蒲葵幼苗的耐寒性生理指标,其中300 mg/L硝酸镧溶液对提高蒲葵幼苗的耐寒性生理指标具有显著的效应.     

镉对水稻产量和品质的影响

采用土培盆栽方法,以3个水稻品种为材料,研究土壤Cd处理对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,当土壤Cd浓度为60或90mg/kg时,扬稻6号和扬粳9538的产量与对照(土壤未加Cd处理)无显著差异。这2个品种在Cd浓度为120或180mg/kg下以及武运粳7号在Cd浓度60或120mg/kg下的产量均较对照显著降低。在Cd胁迫下产量降低的原因主要在于穗数或每穗颖花数的减少,Cd对结实率和千粒重无显著影响。Cd对稻米加工品质、外观品质、蒸煮品质以及蛋白质含量无显著影响。随土壤Cd浓度的增加,稻米醇溶蛋白含量增加,清蛋白和球蛋白含量则降低。当土壤Cd浓度为60和90mg/kg时,稻米淀粉谱的最高粘度、热浆粘度、最终粘度、崩解值和消减值与对照无显著差异;当土壤Cd浓度为120和180mg/kg时,稻米淀粉谱的最高粘度和崩解值显著降低,热浆粘度、最终粘度和消减值显著增加。在相同土壤Cd浓度下,同一器官的Cd浓度在品种间无显著差异,但扬稻6号Cd累积量高于扬粳9538。表明Cd对水稻产量的影响以及Cd在稻株的累积量在品种间存在差异,高浓度Cd可降低稻米的营养品质和食味性。     

Effect of chemical structure on the properties of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates films

The effect of compositions of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)/4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polypropylene oxide diol (PPG,M _w : 3000)/1,4-butane diol (BD) on the properties of UV-cured polyurethane acrylate films based on 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was examined. UV-curable polyurethane acrylates were formulated from the prepolymer, trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) as a reactive diluent, and 1-hydroxycyclohexyl ketone (Irgacure 184) as a photoinitiator. Dynamic mechanical thermal properties and elastic properties of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates was found to depend on the chemical composition of IPDI/MDI and PPG/BD. As the BD content increased, the tensile storage modulus of all series samples increased significantly. The storage modulus increased in the order of samples A (IPDI based samples)>samples B (IPDI/MDI (7/3 molar ratio) based samples)>samples C (IPDI/MDI (5/5 molar ratio) based samples at the same composition. Two distinct loss modulus peaks for all samples are observed owing to the soft segment glass transition temperature (T _gs ) and hard segment glass transition temperature (T _gh ). The difference betweenT _gs andT _gh (ΔT _g ) increases in the order of A>B>C at the same composition. In cycle test, the initial onset strain (%) was found to decrease with increasing BD content in PPG/BD and with increasing MDI content in IPDI/MDI.     

相对湿度对茶橙瘿螨种群的影响

研究了不同相对湿度下茶橙瘿螨的种群动态，表明相对湿度对茶橙瘿螨种群增长有明显的影响，相对湿度太低（RH＜50％）或太高（RH＞（90％）都不利于茶橙瘿螨种群的增长。在适宜温度下，最有利于茶橙瘿螨种群增长的湿度为75％＜RH＜90％。     

那氏778诱导剂浸种对冬小麦14C同化物生产及运转分配的影响

为了研究那氏778诱导剂浸种后冬小麦的增产机理，采用^14C示踪技术研究了那氏778诱导剂浸种对冬小麦^14C同化物的生产及运转分配的影响，结果表明，那氏778诱导剂浸种可显著提高冬小麦苗期、拔节期和灌浆期各器官及整株的相对光合强度和光合物质同化量。苗期各叶位叶片和整株的相对光合强度分别提高30．00％～43．00％和30．89％，整株光合物质同化量增加45．02％；拔节期展开叶、未展开叶和整株的相对光合强度分别提高30．41％、26．02％和31.81％，整株光合物质同化量增加47．06％；灌浆期叶片、叶鞘、节间的相对光合强度分别提高18．05％、17．00％、17．51％，整株相对光合强度提高31．37％，光合同化量增加65．08％。那氏778诱导剂浸种的小麦在生育前期以提高展开叶和冠层上部各器官的同化能力为主，生育后期在冠层下部弱光条件下各光合器官同化能力的提高更为明显。那氏778诱导剂浸种还提高了冬小麦的同化物向穗部、根系等输入的比例，生育前期(苗期)主要以向根系和未展开叶输入为主，分配比例分别提高4．06和2．46个百分点；生育后期(灌浆期)主要以向穗部输入为主，分配比例提高10．5个百分点，这有利于促进小麦的生长发育，为小麦的高产奠定了基础。