Analysis of the Development of Gothic Architecture in UK and France

Gothic architecture began from mid-11th century in UK, it shined in this arena more than eight centuries, but also affected the architectural style from the whole of Europe to the world. In this paper, a comparative analysis on UK and French Gothic architectural style, With this analysis we will understand the development and causes of Gothic architecture in different historical context.     

THE TIMES TRANSFORMATION OF DWELLING

It's a historical inexorable trend that the development of architecture is synchronistic with the social economic and science and technology.Dwelling also faces new transformation with the passage of times.This paper makes a systematic analysis in theory,method and conception.It includes four parts,they arc cataclysm of living requirement,al-ter of general conception,the renewal of composition method,and the exploration of new style.     

Simulation for the Effect of Building Plan andOrientation on Natural Ventilation

Indoor thermal comfort can be significantly improved by natural ventilation with reasonable architectural design. In order to compare natural ventilation effect, the distribution of velocity field, temperature field and the PMV in different architecture layout and orientation design were analyzed with house types in Best House Type Competition. It was found that indoor natural ventilation effect was obviously improved by means of altering the layout and orientation, where the maximum velocity varied from 0.24m/s to 0.82m/s. And the temperature decreased 0.9℃ and the value of PMV was more approximate to comfort.     

陆地棉品种百棉1号主要株型性状的遗传研究

对陆地棉品种百棉1号主要株型性状进行了主基因-多基因混合遗传分析。结果表明,株高、果枝长度、株高/果枝长度、主茎节间长度、果枝节间长度、总果节数、总果枝数、有效果枝数和果枝夹角的最适模型分别为D-4、C-0、D-4、D-2、E-0、D-2、B-1、B-1和C-0,除果枝长度和果枝夹角外,其它性状均检测到主基因。总果枝数、有效果枝数和果枝节间长度为主基因遗传或以主基因遗传为主,对其可采用单交重组或简单回交转育转移增效主基因;株高、株高/果枝长度、主茎节间长度、果枝长度和果枝夹角为多基因遗传或以多基因遗传为主,对其可采用聚合回交或轮回选择累积增效多基因;总果节数以主基因和多基因遗传并重,对其可根据主基因、多基因相对效应大小分别考虑。     

冬小麦品种（系）穗层结构的差异及其与产量的关系

调查分析了12个品比试验的小麦品种（系）和3个当前主栽品种的穗层厚、穗层数、曲线宽度、穗层章度比、穗层结构指数等穗层结构指标，结果表明：冬小麦品种（系）穗层结构存在很大差异。高产品种可以有不同的穗层结构，不宜把穗层欠整齐一律当作低产性状而加以淘汰。本文提出的穗层结构指数，可以作为选择品种的参考。不同穗层结构指标要综合分析、互相验证，有助于对品种穗层结构特性作出较科学合理的评价。     

Investigation on Vague Space in Traditional Architecture

In this paper a kind of vague space in traditional architecture is analyzed and its mode and dealing ways in Chinese traditional architecture are explored. The authors hope that this article will help us learn from the traditional architecture culture and enlighten the design thread to create modem native architecture.     

ENVIRONMENT AND CREATION OF ARCHITECTURE

Architecture is an important part of culture. And an environmentwhich can't be departed from architecture is an organic part of archiectural engi-neering. It is the important thingin the architetucral design. with the developmentof the society, the environment attracts those in the architectural field. Thispaper discusses the laws, aims, methods and artistrys of environment and creation.They include order, rule, tune. view, gesture, dexterity, enclosure, borrowing,clmnge, guidance, grouping and aim of architectural environment in practice.     

Memory,Site,City. Rethinking about the City and Architecture in the Perspective of Psychology and Sociology

Each city includes memory elements. As a precious resource, the city memory exists, changes and continues in reality through visual material objects and cultural sub-consciousness. It is the basic context clue for urban people to apperceive, to experience themselves and their existent environment with the lapse and change of time. Beginning with the concept of memory, this article analyzed the relationship of time, space, human being and environment. It tried to use interdisciplinary research methods and rethink about the essence of city and architecture in the perspective of psychology and sociology, so as to explore the dee Pissues of ideology and value conception in urban design and urban conservation of history and culture.     

玉米株型与冠层光合作用的数学模拟研究——Ⅰ.模型与验证

建立了一个对冠层结构具有高分辨率的作物冠层光合作用模型.包括冠层结构模型、冠层光分布模型和叶面光合作用模型.将作物冠层按叶面积指数划分为若干层次.上下层次之间,水平面太阳辐照度按Monsi和Saeki的指数递减模型分布.冠层对太阳漫射光的消光系数由作物株型确定,对直射光的消光系数由株型和太阳位置确定.在同一层次中,作物株型按Ross-Nilson的叶倾角分布模型,将叶面位置划分为8个方位,6个倾斜角.设同一层中水平面辐照度相同,某一方位角和倾角的叶面直射光以太阳轨道方程确定.用玉米冠层的实测资料验证了辐射分布模型和叶片的光合作用模型.敏感性试验表明,模型对输入因子有良好的响应.本模型对冠层光合作用的理论研究、作物生长的数学模拟等有一定的意义.     

On the Regional Culture Features of the Traditional Folk Housing Architecture of Huizhou Style

The traditional architecture of Huizhou style with its unique regional cultural features makes a well- developed genre of architecture in late ancient China. Especially, the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style is the most vivid embodiment of Huizhou culture, reflecting the social history and culture in Huizhou area. The location and setting of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou is greatly influenced by the geomantic theory, a fact that can be best detected in the practice of building artificial landscapes at the accesses to villages. The internal structure of the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style vividly reveals the ideology and the system of the patriarchy in ancient Huizhou. Being traders but sticking to the identity and temperament of Confucian scholars, local merchants of ancient Huizhou fostered a unique culture, which has shaped an distinctive artistic charm found in the internal decoration and furnishings of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou.     

线的特质与园林景观设计浅析

线是造型要素中最基本的元素,也是设计师表达设计理念的基本语言。通过对线的特质、线在园林景观中运用形式以及具体应用的研究,使设计师更加明确线的灵活运用在园林景观设计中存在的精神内涵和艺术价值,以提高中国现代园林设计水平。     

Exploration of Contemporary Minimalism Architecture Design

Introduced by a seminar about minimalism in art and architecture, and based on the comparative research under multi-dimension, in this paper, the genesis of minimalism in architecture is retraced, its design principles are deeply explored and its design features as well as inspirations for architecture design in China are summarized through some cases study related to minimalism. At the end, it points out that the minimalism in architecture is a feasible way in the multi-direction architecture designs.     

Regional Architecture and Design Practice

Taking a project practice for example,this paper probed into the design methods of regional architecture in such aspects as geographic environment,traditional folk residence style,space environment and construction material etc.In this paper,one of the developing directions of modern architecture,i.e.the regional architecture design is pointed out first,then,the correlation between regional architecture and natural environment as well as historical culture tradition,space environment and material application of regional architecture,etc.were systematically discussed,it also indicated that the regional architecture should be an organic renewal of traditional folk residence style.It is concluded that the regional architecture should be in accordance with the nature.     

Determination of Liquid Superheat Limit and Vapor Subcooling Limit in Homogeneons Nucleation Using Density Fluctuation Theory

Based on the development of design of skyscrapers by foreign architects in Shanghai, this essay is offered as a brief introduction and an analysis of these designs and helps to study and absorb the advanced conception of foreign architecture design.     

Exploration of Ecotypic High-Tech Building

The high-tech architecture came into being in 1960s'. Now it becomes one of the very important architectural styles. In the turn of 20th century, it's broken into several branches, ecotypic high tech architecture is the main stream of those, and has enormous influence. This paper analyzes the expression and motivation of ecotypic high-tech architecture, evaluates the new imagination and especially emphasizes its characteristics and methods of technology application.     

Three Turns of Contemporary Architecture and the Chinese Traditional Thoughts

Significant changes have taken place within the contemporary architecture since the 20th century: firstly the architecture turns from "thing" to "nothing",secondly the experience of architecture turns from logic to essence intuition,and thirdly the architecture turns from noun to verb,from which we find in surprise the sparks of the Chinese traditional thought which criticizes all the ready-made,especially the conceptual thought with its happening and generation,and shows a new non-subject-object-dimidiate,non-logical and fundamentally non-metaphysical perspective in theory.This made it possible for us to reconsider and reinterpret the contemporary architecture from a more original new perspective.     

The Design Thought and Implementation Method on Data Collection and Transmission System of the First Industrial CT in Our Country

On the base of proving the feasibility of serial and parallel methods on Data Col-lection and Transmission System of the first Industrial CT in our country,we selected a more ad-vanced method which is the serial method to design this system