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茶树害虫生物防治技术研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
史洪中 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》1999,(3)
通过调查,明确了信阳茶区茶树害虫的天敌种类及其对茶树害虫的控制作用,指明了建设生态茶园的必要性。通过试验证明,B.t.乳剂对茶毛虫的防效甚佳。EpNPV对茶毛虫、EoNPV对茶尺蠖的1-2龄幼虫防效很好.韦伯虫座孢菌对黑刺粉虱的防效优于扑虱灵。 相似文献
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2019—2020年,对桐乡市稻纵卷叶螟和二化螟进行性信息素智能监测,比较黑光灯诱智能监测和传统监测效果。结果表明,在稻纵卷叶螟监测过程中,黑光灯智能监测优于性信息素智能监测和白炽灯传统监测,与传统的人工赶蛾相比,趋势较一致,黑光灯智能监测在一定程度上可以替代人工赶蛾监测。同时我们发现四(2)代稻纵卷叶螟成虫田间数量多,但是黑光灯下数量少,五(3)代稻纵卷叶螟成虫田间数量少,但是黑光灯下数量多。2年对二化螟的监测中发现性诱和黑光灯监测均可以较好地监测到二化螟种群动态,二化螟种群动态年度间差异较大,但同一年份各区域二化螟种群动态基本一致,而诱捕数量差异较大。综上,黑光灯智能监测可以应用于稻纵卷叶螟的监测,二化螟性诱监测和黑光灯监测都可以较好地监测二化螟种群动态,两者互补可以很好地用于监测二化螟。 相似文献
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张汉鹄 《安徽农业大学学报》1989,(2)
在安徽茶区采获茶园害虫寄生性天敌昆虫107种,鉴定了66种,分属于2目15科。主要有茧蜂、小蜂、缘腹卵蜂和寄蝇等类,均对害虫具有较大的自然控制效应。茶园山林植被繁杂,有利于多种寄生性天敌昆虫的生存繁衍;大量施用农药,则对天敌昆虫威胁很大。作者认为应发展生物防治,建立良好的茶园生态系,充分发挥寄生性天敌昆虫对茶园害虫的制约效应。 相似文献
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茶茸毒蛾是云南省茶园上九十年代以来发生的重要害虫之一,它是一种能对茶园造成毁灭性灾害的新害虫。本文对茶茸毒蛾进行了形态特征研究,包括从卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫各个发育时态的形态特征;成虫的头、胸、腹、腿、翅脉的特征,特别是外生殖器的结构和形态特征作了描述并附了特征图。 相似文献
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梨小食心虫性诱剂效果评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
梨小食心虫(Grapholitha molesta Busck)是世界性的重要果树钻蛀性害虫之一。目前,性信息素诱捕器广泛应用于害虫防控,为提高性诱剂对梨小食心虫测报及诱捕效率,从两方面研究了梨小食心虫性诱剂对梨小食心虫的诱捕效果,采用了8个性诱剂产品诱杀梨小食心虫,同时每个诱捕器内设1、3、5、7、9、11个芯数,共6个处理诱杀梨小食心虫。结果表明,A诱捕性诱芯和C诱捕性诱芯诱捕效果最好;诱捕器的诱芯数量为1时引诱到的梨小食心虫数量最多。建议在田间测报和大量诱捕时,使用A诱芯,可达到较高诱捕量,同时也可节约成本,提高效率。 相似文献
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Sex pheromone of the winter moth, a geometrid with unusually low temperature precopulatory responses
Roelofs WL Hill AS Linn CE Meinwald J Jain SC Herbert HJ Smith RF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,217(4560):657-659
The sex pheromone for the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.), has been identified as the novel compound (Z,Z,Z)-1,3,6,9-nonadecatetraene. The male moths respond to the pheromone at low temperatures (4 degrees to 15 degrees C) and exhibit an upper response limit that coincides with the lower response limit for other reported moth sex pheromone systems. The pheromone attracted two other geometrid species, O. bruceata (Bruce spanworm) and O. occidentalis. 相似文献
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[目的]研究化学信息素控制烟草斜纹夜蛾的田间最适放置密度。[方法]分别按25.8 m×25.8 m(15.0个/hm2)、31.6 m×31.6m(22.5个/hm2)和36.5 m×36.5 m(30.0个/hm2)各放置16个诱捕器(4行×4排),同时设不低于2 hm2的空白对照,3次重复。[结果]在忽略风向的影响下,随单个诱捕器控制面积的增加,诱蛾量有所增加,但3种不同密度处理间诱蛾量差异不显著;3种放置密度均可有效控制烟田斜纹夜蛾的发生,减少农药使用,保护田间自然天敌,降低防治成本。[结论]化学信息素控制烟草斜纹夜蛾的诱捕器放置密度以31.6 m×31.6 m(22.5个/hm2)为宜。 相似文献
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【目的】茶尺蠖(Ectropis obliqua)是中国茶区主要的鳞翅目害虫,其幼虫暴食性常给茶园带来巨大损失。鳞翅目昆虫雌雄个体间普遍存在着性信息素通讯环节,而茶尺蠖性信息素识别途径一直鲜有报道。论文旨在通过对茶尺蠖性信息素识别过程中的结合蛋白基因进行鉴定和功能研究,为茶尺蠖性信息素化学通讯和嗅觉信息识别传递机制提供理论依据。【方法】利用RT-PCR技术对从雄虫触角转录组数据中首次鉴定和发现的一个茶尺蠖信息素结合蛋白基因(pheromone-binding protein,PBP)2(EoblPBP2)进行全长cDNA序列克隆(Gen Bank登录号为KX421383)后,将该基因与pET32a载体连接构建表达载体。随后向导入pET32a/EoblPBP2表达质粒的大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中对其表达载体加入终浓度1 mmol·L~(-1)的IPTG进行蛋白的诱导表达,进一步利用镍NTA琼脂糖凝胶柱和含有咪唑的上清缓冲液分离目的蛋白,以PBS缓冲液作为透析液纯化得到高浓度重组蛋白。最后通过荧光竞争法,利用N-苯基-1-萘胺(N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine,1-NPN)作为荧光报告子以放大荧光信号,随后向重组蛋白与1-NPN混合体系中分别加入(Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-十八碳三烯以及10种测试气味后经过分子荧光光度计扫描得到相对荧光值,计算各配基的解离常数KD,研究重组蛋白与茶尺蠖性信息素和茶树挥发物的生理功能。【结果】EoblPBP2全长为492 bp,编码了163个氨基酸,蛋白相对分子质量为15.9kD,等电点为4.983,具有保守的6个半胱氨酸,根据分子进化树分析其应归属于昆虫PBPs家族。结合功能结果显示,10种测试气味均能将1-NPN与茶尺蠖EoblPBP2重组蛋白的混合体系于420 nm处的相对荧光值降至50%以下。其中β-紫罗兰酮、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、苯乙醛、癸醛和反-2-癸烯醛等5种茶树挥发物质与EoblPBP2重组蛋白的结合能力较强,解离常数KD分别为7.923、14.830、30.368、28.068和27.597μmol·L~(-1)。而性信息素成分之一的(Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-十八碳三烯与EoblPBP2的解离常数KD仅为172.591μmol·L~(-1),仅小于苯甲醇的解离常数KD 230.880μmol·L~(-1),而远远大于上述5种气味物质。表明EoblPBP2重组蛋白具有茶尺蠖性信息素成分((Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-十八碳三烯)和植物挥发物质广谱结合能力,而其与性信息素的亲和力弱于大部分测试植物挥发物。【结论】EoblPBP2能与包括性信息素成分在内的多种植物挥发物结合,可能是一种具备特殊复合功能的信息素结合蛋白,可用之进一步研究茶尺蠖的性信息素识别和传递途径。 相似文献
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Optimization of the sex pheromone-based method for trapping field populations of Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller) in South China
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YAN Jun-jie MEI Xiang-dong FENG Jia-wen LIN Zhi-xu Stuart REITZ MENG Rui-xia GAO Yu-lin 《农业科学学报》2021,20(10):2727-2733
Despite the identification of the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller) sex pheromone, no effective application based on this pheromone has yet been developed and evaluated. This study investigated the effect of pheromone lures, trap densities, heights of trap deployment, and pheromone doses in Yunnan, China, for the purpose of increasing the control efficiency of P. operculella and improving the application of pheromone technology in the field. The results showed that lures made of corn oil and red PVC pipes attracted the highest number of moths(11.73±1.90 per trap per day). Sex pheromone loading of 100 μg was optimal for trapping moths, but higher doses of pheromone inhibited attraction. The density of traps did not affect capture rates; therefore, the optimum trap density was 30–40 traps ha~(–1). The optimum height of trap deployment was not above the height of the plant canopy. This study provides technical details necessary for the monitoring and control of potato tuber moth using sex pheromones. 相似文献
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Development of a high-efficiency sex pheromone formula to control Euproctis pseudoconspersa
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LI Zhao-qun YUAN Ting-ting CUI Shao-wei ZHAO Ying-jie SHAO Yuan-hai SHANG Jian-nong LUO Zong-xiu CAI Xiao-ming BIAN Lei CHEN Zong-mao 《农业科学学报》2023,22(1):195-201
The tea tussock moth (Euproctis pseudoconspersa) is one of the most destructive chewing pests in tea plantations and causes a serious allergic reaction on the skin of tea plantation workers. The sex pheromone components of its Japanese population were first identified as 10,14-dimethylpentadecyl isobutyrate (10Me14Me-15:iBu) and 14-methylpentadecyl isobutyrate (14Me-15:iBu), with a stereogenic center. Only 10Me14Me-15:iBu has been identified in the Chinese E. pseudoconspersa population. However, field tests have shown that 10Me14Me-15:iBu cannot meet the demand of effective pest control in China. To develop a high-efficiency E. pseudoconspersa sex pheromone formula, electroantennogram (EAG) recordings of (S)- and (R)-enantiomers of 10Me14Me-15:iBu and 14Me-15:iBu were obtained in the present study. The results demonstrated that the EAG responses of male antennae to (R)-enantiomers were significantly higher than responses to the (S)-enantiomers, and 14Me-15:iBu also elicited EAG activity. Field tests showed that the catch numbers of male moths by (R)-enantiomers were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of (S)-enantiomers. Addition of 14Me-15:iBu significantly increased the catch numbers of both the (S)- and (R)-enantiomers. The efficient pheromone formula containing 0.75 mg (R)-10Me14Me-15:iBu and 0.1 mg 14Me-15:iBu showed significantly higher attractiveness than commercial pheromone products. Our study demonstrated that (R)-10Me14Me-15:iBu was the major sex pheromone component of E. pseudoconspersa, and 14Me-15:iBu might be the minor sex pheromone component. Furthermore, a high-efficiency sex pheromone formula for E. pseudoconspersa control was defined in this study. 相似文献
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于1933~1985年在泰安和平原县进行了亚洲玉米螟性誘剂誘测对比试验。结果表明性誘剂对亚洲玉米螟雄蛾活性和?院芮俊UT测各代玉米螟成虫的高峰期与黑光灯、糖醋液盆基本一致。这一誘测方法经济、有效、简便,特別是不受电源限制,适于在生产上应用。 相似文献