动物病毒重组活载体疫苗研究进展

病毒活载体疫苗作为一种新型疫苗,与传统疫苗相比,具有极大的优势与应用前景,是当今与未来疫苗研制与开发的重要方向之一。目前在人类医学和兽医领域,病毒活载体疫苗均取得了大量的研究成果。本文综述了主要的兽用病毒疫苗载体及重组活载体疫苗的最新研究进展,并分析了其发展趋势,为进一步研制新型重组病毒疫苗提供参考。     

用作植物疫苗的转基因胡萝卜的分子生物学筛选与鉴定

以包含有不同外源病毒基因的转基因胡萝卜为试验材料,应用分子生物学手段,从DNA水平上和蛋白质水平上对这些材料加以鉴定,经PCR引物筛选后得到转基因胡萝卜的阳性率为38%左右;为保证实验的可靠性和可行性,防止检测过程中遗漏和错误的发生,用特异的PCR引物对检测结果进行复选,得到的植株阳性率为7%.在蛋白水平上应用ELISA检测法检测获得的阳性植株的结果与PCR检测结果相同,且同时发现外源基因在胡萝卜根中的表达量明显小于在叶中的表达量.     

Research toward malaria vaccines

Malaria exacts a toll of disease to people in the Tropics that seems incomprehensible to those only familiar with medicine and human health in the developed world. The methods of molecular biology, immunology, and cell biology are now being used to develop an antimalarial vaccine. The Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria have many stages in their life cycle. Each stage is antigenically distinct and potentially could be interrupted by different vaccines. However, achieving complete protection by vaccination may require a better understanding of the complexities of B- and T-cell priming in natural infections and the development of an appropriate adjuvant for use in humans.     

Proteosome-lipopeptide vaccines: enhancement of immunogenicity for malaria CS peptides

Proteosomes are hydrophobic, membranous, multimolecular preparations of meningococcal outer membrane proteins that are also B cell mitogens. These characteristics suggested that proteosomes may serve as carrier proteins and adjuvants to enhance peptide immunogenicity. Although high titers of malaria circumsporozoite (CS) antibodies protect against malaria, vaccines thus far tested in humans have been insufficiently immunogenic to be clinically useful. Here it is shown that synthetic CS peptides hydrophobically complexed to proteosomes by way of lauroyl-cysteine become highly immunogenic in mice without other adjuvants. The high titers of antibodies produced and the safety of proteosomes in humans suggest that this novel system is widely applicable for the development of peptide vaccines to protect against many diseases.     

植物基因工程疫苗研究进展

近年来的许多研究已经显示，动物和人体摄取表达抗原的转基因植物能激发机体的血清和黏膜产生特异性抗体，植物口服疫苗的研究是当今疫苗研究领域的热点之一。文章综述亚单位抗原在转基因植物中的表达水平及方式、基于植物口服递送疫苗的免疫原性及免疫保护、转基因植物疫苗面临的问题等，并展望其研究趋势和应用前景。     

禽流感疫苗的研究进展

疫苗是防控禽流感的主要手段和措施.综述了目前世界上几种主要禽流感疫苗的研究现状,分析了其优缺点及禽流感疫苗研究的发展趋势.