金钱松小卷蛾性信息素的研究

本文对金钱松小卷蛾（ＣｅｌｙｐｈａｐｓｅｕｄｏｌａｘｉｃｏｌａＬｉｕ）雌性信息素进行了研究。室内观察的结果表明，在光周期为１４：１０的条件下，雌蛾求偶在黑暗４ｈ时达到高峰，求偶百分率达到８５％。对雌蛾性信息素腺体的正己洗抽提液用高效毛细管色谱仪进行分析，获得了五个信息素组分。利用乙酰化反应，色谱分析，标样对照以及色－质联用证实，鉴定出这五个化合物分别是１２：ＯＨ、Ｚ１０－１２：ＯＨ、１２：Ａｃ、Ｚ９－１２：Ａｃ和Ｚ１０－１２：Ａｃ。它们的比例是：６．８：５．４：２４．５６：１：２２．２９。在风洞中用雌蛾性信息素腺体抽提物、合成性信息素组分作为诱芯，均能引诱雄蛾产生从起飞、定向、到降落在信息素源这一系列性行为反应。林间生物试验亦证实了这一结果。     

杨扇舟蛾雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物的生物活性

通过EAG和行为测定方法.研究了杨扇舟蛾雄蛾对雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物的电生理反应和行为反应.结果显示,雄蛾对羽化第2天的雌蛾腺体提取物的EAG反应值大于第1天的反应值,之后随日龄增加缓慢衰减,说明杨扇舟蛾求偶和释放性信息素的高峰期应在羽化后的1～2d内.随着雌蛾腺体提取物剂量的增加,雄蛾的EAG反应值增大,表明雄蛾对雌蛾雌蛾腺体提取物反应的强弱与性信息素含量呈正相关.行为测定结果表明,杨扇舟蛾雄蛾对不同剂量的雌蛾腺体提取物均具有趋性,但无规律性变化.处女蛾的性信息素腺体提取物引起的雄蛾趋性反应强于交尾蛾,杨扇舟蛾雌蛾具重复交配的特性.     

环境温度和光周期对枣镰翅小卷蛾求偶活动及性信息素释放的影响

本文研究了温度和光周期对枣镰翅小卷蛾求偶行为及性信息素释放的影响,结果表明 ,越冬代枣镰翅小卷蛾雌蛾的求偶高峰期为暗期6.0～8.0h。温度越高,雌蛾开始求偶的时间越迟,求偶的持续时间也越短,求偶高峰期比在正常温度下明显推迟。温度为21℃时雌蛾产生的性信息量最高,26℃时略低,而在31℃和16℃时雌蛾性信息素释放量仅为21℃时的1/5～1/4;雌蛾所释放的性信息素中顺、反异构体比例随温度的降低向顺式异构体增加的方向漂移,其变异系数均控制在10%以下。当把第2日龄的雌蛾从14L∶10D光周期转移到连续黑暗下时,雌蛾表现的求偶行为和性信息素产生与14L∶10D下相似,均表现出明显的节律;当转移到连续光照下时,求偶行为变得不活泼和不规则,而产生的性信息素量却等于或高于14 L∶10D光周期下所产生的性信息素量。     

杨扇舟蛾性信息素的生物学研究

通过野外观察、室内生测和毛细管气相色谱测定得知：杨扇舟蛾成虫多在１５～１７时羽化，当日天黑后２１时３０分开始活动，２３时至次日１时为活动高峰期，至凌晨４～５时停止活动。室内黑暗处理后１．５小时成虫即呈性兴奋状态，到４小时达到高峰，８小时后停止活动。成虫释放性信息素的高峰日为羽化后第２天，第３天则大幅度减弱。林间诱捕可用水盆或平板型诱捕器，悬挂高度１．５～２ｍ，诱芯可用活雌蛾或３０ＦＥ以上浓度的粗提物。该项技术可广泛应用于对杨扇舟蛾种群动态的监测，亦可在虫口密度较低的林分直接用于防治     

油桐尺蠖成虫期生物学特性及性信息素研究初报

油桐尺蠖(Buzura suppressaria.Guenee)是油桐和茶叶的重要害虫,每年发生2—3代,以蛹在土内越冬。在实验室观察,成虫一天24小时都可羽化,羽化高峰时刻是20—24时。羽化当晚即可交尾,交尾高峰期在羽化后第一、二晚。雌蛾交尾前将产卵器一伸一缩,释放性信息素引诱雄蛾,交尾后即失去引诱力。雄蛾可成功地进行二次交尾。以二氯甲烷作溶剂,用精剪尾方法制备的雌蛾腹末抽提物,对雄蛾有强烈的引诱作用。将此种粗提物经柱层析、薄层层析及气相层析进行初步分离纯化,得到较纯洁的活性物。再经微量化学反应试验,证实油桐尺蠖性信息素的主要官能团是不饱和醇。将活性组分在气相色谱中进行硼酸扣除分析,结果7号峰消失;将活性组分进行溴化,经程序升温色谱分析,亦是7号峰消失。由此可以确定,7号色谱峰是活性峰。将活性组分在气相色谱中进行钯催化氢化分析,7号峰消失,3号峰(十七烷)明显增高;另将十八醇单独进行同样的分析,出峰位置与3号峰一致,由此推断该信息物骨架碳数为十八。综上所述可以初步断定,油桐尺蠖性信息素可能以不饱和十八醇为主要成份。     

蜀柏毒蛾性信息素及其林间诱集效果初步研究

采取正己烷溶剂浸提法提取蜀柏毒蛾处女雌蛾性信息素腺体中的性信息素,运用气相色谱-触角电位联用仪(Gas Chromatography-electroantennographic Detection,GC-EAD)测定蜀柏毒蛾雄蛾触角对雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物中性信息素成分的活性反应,并运用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrum,GC-MS)鉴定其活性反应成分。GC-EAD结果显示雄蛾触角对雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物中的2种成分有较好的反应。GC-MS分析结果表明能引起雄蛾触角电生理反应的成分为顺-9-十八碳烯醛和顺-9-十八碳烯醇。林间试验表明,顺-9-十八碳烯醛和顺-9-十八碳烯醇诱芯对蜀柏毒蛾有相近的诱集效果,表明顺-9-十八碳烯醛和顺-9-十八碳烯醇是蜀柏毒蛾性信息素主要成份。通过对复合组分配方顺-9-十八碳烯醛∶顺-9-十八碳烯醇=1∶9(200μg)、顺-9-十八碳烯醛∶顺-9-十八碳烯醇=9∶1(200μg)和单组分配方顺-9-十八碳烯醛(200μg)、顺-9-十八碳烯醇((200μg)4种配方诱芯林间诱集效果试验,结果 4种配方均具有一定的诱集效果,但复合组分诱集效果比单组分诱集效果好。     

对光肩星天牛性信息素的探讨

通过对光肩星天牛（ＡｎｏｐｌｏｐｈｏｒａｇｌａｂｒｌｐｅｎｎｌｓＭｏｔｓｃｈ）性信息素产生和接收部位的研究。结果表明，雄虫触角在成虫交尾中起决定作用。当雄虫接收到雌虫发出的性信息后主动产生性行为，证实了雄虫的触角具有感受器。雌虫的前胸背板及腹板有可能是释放性信息素的部位，而复眼是成虫交尾必不可少的器官。     

油桐尺蠖野外生物测定研究

油桐尺蠖野外生物测定研究许仲兴，蒋竹香（湘潭市林业局４１１１００）（湘潭市雨湖区林业站）野外生测（ｆｅｔｉｄｂｉｏｓｓａｙｓ）是油桐尺蠖性信息素研究中必不可少的重要环节。它是利用活体或性信息素的感应器官作为检测器；以测定性信息素的引诱活性。当雌蛾或载...     

分月扇舟蛾防治技术研究

分月扇舟蛾防治技术研究刘憬志，成利强，暴永冬，孙鹤立（围场满族蒙大族自治县林业局，围场０６８４５０）分月扇舟蛾（ＣｌｏｓｔｅｒａａｎａｓｔｏｍｏｓｉｓＬ．）为鳞翅目、舟蛾科食叶害虫。分布于东北、内蒙古、河北、江苏、湖北、广西、广东、四川及云南等省。为...     

松实小卷蛾雌蛾性腺挥发物的鉴定和触角电位试验

通过室内观察确定,松实小卷蛾的求偶行为开始于进入黑暗期后30 min,求偶高峰出现在黑暗后3～5 h。利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法,对松实小卷蛾雌蛾性腺挥发性物质进行了分析,并通过比较气相色谱流出峰与标准样品的质谱离子碎片,确认了4个组分:(E)-2-癸烯醛,(E)-2-十二碳烯醛,(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛,(E,E)-2,4-十二碳二烯醛;其相对含量之比为1718578。触角电位试验表明,4个化合物都能引起松实小卷蛾雄蛾明显的EAG反应,其中,(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛引起的反应(14.3871.953 mV)与腺体粗提物引起的反应(15.7843.693 mV)没有显著差异(P>0.05)。     

Calling behaviour and male response towards sex pheromone of poplar moth <Emphasis Type="Italic">Condylorrhiza vestigialis</Emphasis> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

The calling behaviour of virgin females Condylorrhiza vestigialis Guenée, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and the female pheromone gland extract activity were studied under laboratory conditions. Most of the females started calling from their first scotophase period after emergence. Maximum calling occurred between the seventh and tenth hours of the scotophase period. The length of the calling increased with age until the fourth scotophase, but the onset of calling time did not differ with age. The number of calling bouts increased significantly with age, but the mean duration of each calling bout (20.8 min) did not vary with age. Extracts of pheromone glands evaluated in a Y-tube olfactometer attracted significantly more males than control, 70 and 30%, respectively. Gas chromatographic–electroantennogram detection (GC–EAD) analysis of these extracts indicated the presence of a single EAD-active peak, the putative sex pheromone of the species. This pheromone compound may be suitable for monitoring populations densities of C. vestigialis, and for detection of the onset of the seasonal flight period. An efficient pheromone is of importance also with respect to current attempts to develop new control methods for this important pest of Populus spp. in Brazil.     

性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验

性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验赵博光，杨秀莲，柯立明（南京林业大学南京２１００３７）关键词自传播技术，性信息素，核型多角体病毒，风洞，大袋蛾Ｉｇｎｏｆｆｏ将有目的地利用昆虫本身传播昆虫病原生物以控制害虫种群的方法，定义为自传播法或自传播技术［１］。...     

Reflections on structure and function of pheromone glands in storage insect species

Several polyphagous coleopteran and lepidopterous species, presently known as storage insects, have presumably evolved from free-living ancestral species, being capable of growth and reproduction on stored, desiccated and often nutritionally deficient foodstuffs. These potentially harmful insect species have probably adapted themselves to the newly acquired storage biotope by means of a well-developed sensory equipment serving food acquisition, aggregation and mate finding.Information by molecules may be communicated among the individuals of an insect species by means of relatively volatile pheromones (Greek, pher=convey) being emitted by exocrine glands and mainly carried by moving air to the sensilla of responsive individuals, or among the internal organs of an insect by means of relativelynonvolatile hormones (Greek, horma=impel), secreted fromendocrine glands and transported by the haemolymph to the receptors of target organs. It was postulated that pheromones were among the first chemical messengers utilized during evolution of animal behaviour, and that the pheromones of primitive protozoans could have been precursors of the hormones of metazoans. Hormones of the neurosecretory cells and corpora allata were found to induce sex pheromone biosynthesis in femaleTenebrio molitor, while dietary intake of a juvenile hormone analogue was shown to significantly enhance the production of aggregation pheromones in the males of certain silvanid and cucujid species.Aggregation pheromones are usually produced by the longlived and feeding males of several coleopteran species (Table 2) which deposit those chemical messengers to the substrate, where they induce the formation of bisexual assemblies supporting feeding, mating and reproduction. Sex pheromones are mostly produced by the short-lived and non-feeding females of several coleopteran and lepidopterous species (Table 2); females of those species usually release their sex pheromones to the air space during calling, and thus attract conspecific males for mating (Fig. 5 a–c).In some dermestid species, pheromone emission differs from the above scheme. Females of the short-lived and non-feedingTrogoderma granarium andT. inclusum release a phromone acting as a sex attractant for conspecific males and—in synergistic combination with tactile stimuli—as an assembling scent for conspecific females (Figs. 1 a, b, 2 and Table 1), females of the short-lived and feedingAntbrenus verbasci, Attagenus megatoma andAtt. elongatulus produce a sex pheromone for conspecific males, while females of the long-lived and feedingAn. scrophulariae emit a sex pheromone which lures conspecific males.Males of the long-lived and non-feeding bruchid speciesAcanthoscelides obtectus release a sex pheromone which attracts conspecific females. Androconial pheromones are discharged during courtship from the alar scales and abdominal tufts found in males of several microlepidopteran species (Phycitidae) includingAnagasta kuebniella, Cadra cautella, Ephestia elutella andPlodia interpunctella (Fig. 6 b–c); those aphrodisiac pheromones are known to enhance the specific responsiveness of the females to their mates. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that aggregation pheromones elicit considerable receptor potentials in the antennal olfactory sensilla of both sexes, whereas sex pheromones induce high receptor potentials in the antennal olfactory sensilla of one sex only. It was assumed that aggregation pheromones may be the evolutionary precursors of sex pheromones.Pheromone-producingexocrine glands are essentially groups of modified epidermals cells which are found in different body regions of male and/or female storage insect species. A simple pheromone gland, consisting of a single layer of adjacent secretory cells beneath the endocuticle of the 5th visible abdominal sternite, occurs in femaleTrogoderma granarium (Fig. 3 a). A more complex design, comprising an intra-abdominal semiglobular pheromone gland with numerous secretory cells being connected to tubuli which lead to an invaginated cuticular cribellum, is available in maleDermestes maculatus (Figs. 3 c, d and 4 c). The cribellum, provided with a caudally curved brush of fluted brisles, occurs in the centre of the 4th visible abdominal sternite (Figs. 4 a, b and 7 b). An apodemous exocrine gland is found in the lumen of the second abdominal segment of femaleLasioderma serricorne (Fig. 3 b). This lobate gland comprises many secretory cells, being connected by numerous tubuli to a sheath-like conical duct enveloping a V-shaped skeletal apodeme, which terminates in the abdominal tip. In maleTribolium castaneum, the secretory cells of both pheromone glands are connected by tubuli to two cribella, being densely covered by fluted bristles, and found in the femora of both forelegs (Fig. 7 a). Females of the phycitid speciesAnagasta kuebniella, Cadra cautella, Ephestia elutella andPlodia interpunctella are equipped with an intersegmental pheromone gland, situated between the 8th and 9th abdominal segment near the genital opening. The exocrine gland of the four moth species consists of a single layer of columnar secretory cells, lined by a spongy cuticle which seems to be permeable to the sex pheromone (Fig. 6 a). The latter is disseminated by calling females (Fig. 5 a, b) while their exocrine glands are widely exposed. Males of the above phycitid species are furnished with alar and abdominal androconia which become exposed during courtship and discharge aphrodisiac pheromones. The base of each of the androconial bristles and scales is immersed to an underlying unicellular, pheromone-producing gland (Fig. 6 d, e). The aphrodisiac pheromones, being secreted by the above glandular cells, are passing the lumen and walls of the bristles and scales, and evaporate from the surface of the latter. For example, malePlodia interpunctella possess 2 pairs of scent tufts (a small and a large one) on both sides of the 8th abdominal tergiet as well as 2 pairs of scent tufts (a small and a large one) near the base of the costal margin of the forewings (Fig. 6 b, c). Females of several phycitid species respond to the aphrodisiac pheromone of conspecific males by a pronounced readiness to mate.In the course of time, about 3 dozens of insect species (3/4 coleopteran and 1/4 lepidopterous species) have undergone sympatric speciation by sharing desiccated food in stores as a common habitat. Fertile matings between such heterogeneous species are often prevented by morphological and anatomical incompatibilities as well as physiological and behavioural barriers. Most of the species living in the storage habitat are reproductively isolated due to the molecular structure and blend composition of their pheromones (Table 2). Interestingly, some species (listed below) deviate from the majority by sharing the structure of their main pheromone components (mentioned in parenthesis), and are thus poorly separated: the curculionidsSitophilus oryzae andS. zeamais ((4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone), the tenebrionidsTribolium castaneum andT. confusum ((4R,8R)-dimethyldecanal) as well as the dermestidsTrogoderma inclusum andT. variabile ((R,Z)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal). Theinsufficient reproductive isolation of the above species is compensated, i.a., by additional availability of a sex pheromone in femaleTribolium confusum, by different calling periods and emission rates of (R,Z)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal in females of the forementionedTrogodema species.Trogoderma glabrum andT. granarium areincompletely isolated by sharing (R,E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal as a pheromone component; they are indeed capable of cross-mating, but produce sterile hybrids. Moreover, maleOryzaepbilus mercator andO. surinamensis incorporate (Z,Z)-3,6-dodecadien-11R-olide as a common chiral component to their aggregation pheromones. The females of 5 phycitid species share (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate as their main pheromone component, while they are reproductively separated by additional emission of (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate and (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol as secondary pheromone components, by the production of different androconial pheromones in conspecific males as well as different circadian calling activities.In the course of their research engagement on pheromones of storage insect and mite species (during the past 2.5 decades), the authors enjoyed fruitful collaboration with several renowned investigators working in Athens, Berlin, Hamburg, New York, Pantnagar, Tiantsin, Tokyo, Wisconsin, Yokohama and Zürich (chapter 6).Motto ...In addition to the amazing range of physiological activities of which it is capable during the process of moulting and cuticle formation, the epidermal cell is potentially an embryonic cell, with latent powers of differentiating in several different directions. The ordinary epidermal cell may divide to give rise to a pair of oenocytes. It may divide into four and produce a dermal gland cell with associated cells that form the glandular duct. Or the four daughter cells may differentiate into the bristle-forming and socket-forming cells which give rise to the sensillum and into the sense cell with its neurilemma cell both of which grow inwards to become a part of the central nervous system ...V B. Wigglesworth, 1959With 2 tables and 7 figuresDedicated to the memory of Prof. Dr. Sir Vincent BrianWigglesworth who died on February 12th, 1994.     

榆木蠹蛾性诱剂的合成及林间诱蛾试验

利用毛细管气相色谱分析榆木蠹蛾处女雌蛾性腺体提取物、化学合成相应的标准化合物并通过触角电位分析及林间诱蛾试验,旨在找到一种对榆木蠹蛾成虫具有强引诱活性的性诱剂.结果表明:提取物中存在反-3-十四碳烯醇(E3 - 14∶OH)、顺-3-十四碳烯醇(Z3 - 14∶ OH)、反-3 -十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(E3 - 14∶Ac)、顺-7-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z7-14∶ Ac)和顺-3-反-5-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z3E5 -14∶ Ac).榆木蠹蛾雄蛾对Z7-14∶ Ac产生最强的触角电位(EAG)反应,为4.95 mV,极显著高于其他化合物,其他依次是E3 - 14∶Ac、Z3E5 -14∶Ac、E3E5 -14∶ Ac、Z3 - 14∶Ac、腺体提取物、E7 - 14∶Ac,其中乙酸酯化合物EAG值极显著高于其相应的醇(P＜0.01).林间诱蛾活性试验表明:Z7- 14∶ Ac有诱蛾活性,E3 - 14∶Ac和Z3E5 - 14∶ Ac有显著的增效作用,Z7-14∶ Ac、E3 - 14∶Ac和Z3E5 - 14∶ Ac按10∶ 4∶4的比例配成每个含900 μg性诱剂的诱芯具有很好的诱蛾活性,单诱芯日平均诱蛾数达11.02头.     

皮暗斑螟性信息素研究

通过室内人工饲养与枣树林间定时定点观测相结合的方法,对皮暗斑螟的生殖生物学进行观测.傍晚(17-20时)羽化的成虫占总量的45.71%,交尾多于午夜后至凌晨前进行.在室内通过气相色谱与触角电位测定相结合的方法,测定皮暗斑螟雄蛾对来自雌蛾性腺的不同化合物的反应,通过应用全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱分析技术,初步明确了皮暗斑螟性信息素组分为(Z9,E12)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-醇[(Z,E)-9,12-14:OH]和(Z9)-十四碳-9-烯-1醇(Z9-14:OH).对二组分及其同分异构体的单体和混合物进行了林间引诱试验,初步结果表明(Z,E)-9,12-14:OH的诱虫效果较好.5,50,500和1 000 μg不同剂量诱芯的田间引诱试验证明,500 μg剂量诱芯诱虫量最多.     

思茅松毛虫3个地理种群性信息素成分差异分析

[目的]分析思茅松毛虫雌成虫不同地理种群间性信息素成分、含量和比例差异,比较雄成虫触角敏感性和不同配比诱芯诱捕效果差异,开发不同地域有针对性的思茅松毛虫种群监测方法和诱捕防控技术。[方法]运用气相色谱(GC)分析思茅松毛虫湖南、云南和江西地理种群雌虫性信息素腺体提取物,利用触角电位仪(EAG)测定思茅松毛虫各地理种群雄蛾触角对性信息素标准品及其不同配比组分的电生理敏感性,然后进行林间生物测定,比较不同配比的性信息素成分诱蛾效果。[结果]思茅松毛虫性信息素腺体中含有顺5,反7-十二碳二烯乙酸酯(Z5,E7-12:OAc)、顺5,反7-十二碳二烯醇(Z5,E7-12:OH)和顺5-十二碳烯乙酸酯(Z5-12:OAc)3种成分,3个地理种群间这3种腺体成分含量和比例存在微小差异。3种成分以100:10:25或者100:10:10的比例配比,不同地理种群间均具有很好的触角电位活性和林间诱蛾活性。[结论]思茅松毛虫性信息素组分还没有发生明显的种下分化现象,3个地理种群间性信息素含量和比例的细微差异暗示着与地域差异、寄主植物差异和人为化学防控干扰等因素相关。     

尺蛾科昆虫性信息素组分特征及应用进展

国内外对于鳞翅目昆虫性信息素的研究最为详细。本文阐述鳞翅目昆虫性信息素活性组分的最新分类进展,根据其化学结构可分为TypeⅠ、TypeⅡ、TypeⅢ、Type 0 4类。其中:Type I为分子结构具有末端功能团的C10-C18醇、醛、醋酸酯类化合物,分布于多个鳞翅目总科中; TypeⅡ为C17-C23的不饱和碳氢化合物以及相对应的环氧衍生物,广泛分布于尺蛾总科中; TypeⅢ为携带1个或多个甲基分支的C17-C23化合物,仅出现在少数的鳞翅目昆虫中;而Type 0为与植物挥发物结构类似的短链仲醇或酮类化合物,分布于进化上较为原始的昆虫中。尺蛾总科作为鳞翅目昆虫的第三大科,目前共计93属158种尺蛾的性信息素组分得到鉴定,其性信息素组分中除了姬尺蛾亚科以TypeⅠ为主以外,灰尺蛾亚科、尺蛾亚科、沙尺蛾亚科、花尺蛾亚科、星尺蛾亚科均是以TypeⅡ为主。尺蛾科昆虫性信息素组分碳链较长,结构复杂,多数为不饱和烃类化合物(TypeⅡ型),严重影响了全球尺蛾类性信息素组分的化学鉴定及野外应用,通过分析对已鉴定的尺蛾性信息素组分及结构特征,明确其性信息素组分化合物的双键位置、环氧结构和手性构象,以及在各亚科、属、种之间的分布特征,并探讨我国重要尺蛾(茶尺蠖、国槐尺蠖、银花尺蠖、油桐尺蠖、春尺蠖等)的性信息素研究情况,可为今后鉴定未知尺蛾性信息素活性组分,以及利用昆虫性信息素对尺蛾类害虫进行有效的绿色防控等提供参考。     

共轭二烯性信息素在2种载体上的释放速率和异构化效果

为了开发释放速率稳定、持效期长的仿生诱芯,有必要评价性信息素成分在2种最常用的释放载体(聚乙烯管和复合橡胶)上的释放速率和异构化效果。本研究在风洞条件下采用吸附剂PorapakQ收集6种共轭二烯性信息素成分在2种载体上不同时间的释放量,正己烷洗脱后进行气相色谱定量分析。发现6种性信息素成分在聚乙烯管载体上初始释放速率较低,从第16天开始迅速上升,在第29～43天内达到最大释放值,随后释放速率逐步降低到低释放状态。6种性信息素成分在复合橡胶载体上从点样起释放速率最高,15天后显著下降,第29天后释放速率一直处于较低的释放水平。在聚乙烯管载体上E5,Z7构型的十二碳二烯醛、醇和乙酸酯的释放速率大于相应的Z5,E7构型的释放速率,且醛和醇类性信息素释放速率大于酯类的释放速率。释放高峰期内聚乙烯管载体上性信息素成分(除顺5,反7-十二碳二烯醇外)的释放速率高于复合橡胶载体上的释放速率,差异显著。复合橡胶载体上的性信息素残留量显著大于聚乙烯管载体;2种释放载体对共轭二烯性信息素成分的异构化率也有显著差异。性信息素成分在2种载体上的比例变化可解释松毛虫林间诱蛾效果的差异。最后,对聚乙烯管载体和复合橡胶载体上性信息素成分的释放速率和异构化效果方面进行讨论。