茶文化在《园林工程管理》课程的思政建设中的创新应用

茶文化是我国优秀传统文化的重要部分,其中蕴含的大量为人处世思想在现代依然有重要的教育意义.将茶文化与现代教育中的思政建设相结合对高校思政建设的创新有重要的作用.本文以《园林工程管理》课程为例,首先阐述了茶文化与思政建设的互通性,对茶文化在《园林工程管理》课程的思政建设中的重要作用进行了分析,在深入探讨当前茶文化在《园林...     

造价在园林设计及园林管理中的作用

论述造价的基本涵义及其在园林设计与园林管理中的作用，分析造价在园林工程建设中存在的问题，提出园林工程造价控制的办法。     

茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理

文章对茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理应用的的特点和优点进行了阐述,分析了茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理中存在的问题,对如何更好的进行茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理提出了一些建议。     

精细化管理在茶叶种植加工中的应用与推广

随着我国经济的不断发展,茶叶生产技术水平连年提高。当前国的无性系良种茶园栽培技术在业界大受欢迎,因此无性系良种茶叶规范建园精细化管理就显得更为重要。本文首先简单论述了精细化管理的概念,再探讨了精细化管理在茶叶种植加工中应用和推广的重要性,然后谈论了精细化管理在茶叶种植加工中的管理原则,最终研究了精细化管理在茶叶种植加工中的应用与推广措施,以期为相关工作者的工作提供理论基础。     

基于嵌入式技术的茶叶智能保鲜装置的设计与实现

茶叶在运输和贮藏过程中缺乏有效的信息化智能保鲜装置,不利于茶叶生产和销售过程中的精细化管理。本文从对茶叶保鲜技术特点的分析入手,梳理茶叶保鲜要素的要求,结合嵌入式技术对茶叶智能保鲜装置进行系统设计,针对各个保鲜要素的软硬件处理进行了阐述,从而探究利于茶叶精细化管理的智能保鲜装置特色设计方案。     

茶叶企业资产管理中会计核算的策略探讨

传统模式下,茶企资产管理中的会计核算经常面临形式原始简单及粗放模糊等典型问题。因此,创新会计核算对茶企资产管理具有格外显著的价值和意义,比如有利于企业强化成本控制,降低不合理支出以及优化资源配置,提高投入产出比等。新时期茶企资产管理中会计核算应当坚持精细化与标准化等现代管理方向,不仅需要建立健全会计核算管理制度,也需要坚持精细化、标准化、个性化原则,完善信息化建设,还需要加强内部控制,加快内控监督体系建设。     

园林施工与养护的有机结合探究

在国民经济水平不断发展、居民对生活质量要求愈来愈高的影响下,园林工程建设的重要性日益凸显。加强园林工程项目建设,能够有效改善居住环境质量,提升空气质量水平,有助于生态环境整体性发展。在分析园林施工与养护存在问题的基础上,围绕园林施工与养护的有机结合进行了探究。     

茶文化背景下社会治理精细化水平提升策略

从我国现阶段社会发展角度来说,对原有管理阶段进行优化,以社会治理为核心,推动社会经济发展是现阶段社会体系的主要发展需求。特别是在当前社会多元化发展态势下,依托与治理论来保证社会治理精细化的实现是目前我国社会治理过程中应遵循的基本原则。但在实际治理工作开展时,必须正确定位社会管理与社会治理之前存在的本质差别,分析出两者在不同社会活动中所存在的差异性,然后制定出较为精准的方案解决当前社会矛盾。本文则是以茶文化为切入点,阐述社会治理精细化的基本需求及价值彰显,分析当前社会治理精细化所面临的挑战,并对社会治理精细化水平提升策略进行研究。     

茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理思考分析

现阶段,随着社会的不断发展和进步,茶叶企业财务和其他企业财务相对比是一项极其复杂的工作,同时财务成本精细化管理的方法也是不相同的,在茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理的过程中出现了很多的问题,本文通过茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理进行深度的探究,提出了相对应的策略,为之后茶叶企业财务成本精细化管理提供有效的参考。     

基于创新视角下茶叶企业财务管理的模式探析

在现代茶叶企业的财务管理工作中,为进一步的促进基础生产信息的精确控制,就需要集合企业自身的价值和现实化的应用作用措施,促进对现有基础成本上的有效管理。在进行创新模式的改革过程中,以精细化管理上的应用问题应对,从根本上解决企业财务信息应用精细化方面的问题管理,确保对整体结构精细化管理,保证茶叶企业的在财务管理上的适应性。     

Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Various Nitrogen Fertilizers

Summary

The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices.     

Studies on natural repellents against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) in country stores

Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong (1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage, sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over 45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield of a subsequent crop.     

Mineral composition of some traditional Mexican teas

Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described.     

Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets

Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of different accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. from Uruguay

Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds.     

Extreme resistance to infection by potato virus X in genotypes of wild tuber-bearingSolanum species

Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta. Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X¹ (also called RX_act).     

Cyanobacteria Secondary Metabolites as Biotechnological Ingredients in Natural Anti-Aging Cosmetics: Potential to Overcome Hyperpigmentation,Loss of Skin Density and UV Radiation-Deleterious Effects

The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O₂^•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O₂^•− scavenging, (IC₅₀ = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC₂₅ = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC₅₀ = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC₅₀ = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O₂^•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms.     

Marine Pharmacology in 2009–2011: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial,Antidiabetic, Antifungal,Anti-Inflammatory,Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis,and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems,and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action ?

The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories.