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试验采用正交设计的方法,确定了康氏木霉、白腐菌、酵母菌混菌发酵的最佳培养基,然后通过单因素筛选出混菌最优的培养条件,结果表明:康氏木霉和酵母菌组,白腐菌和酵母菌组可以兼容共生,康氏木霉和白腐菌组有一定拮抗作用,但通过混合菌种优化条件的筛选,能降低拮抗。即混合发酵稻草最优培养基组成为稻草:麸皮6:4,尿素2%,营养液60%。混合菌种接种量为2 ml,接种比例1:2:1(康氏木霉:白腐菌:酵母菌)、培养6 d,发酵最终产物中粗蛋白含量从3.49%增加到16.59%,粗纤维含量从44.56%下降到23.17%。 相似文献
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混菌发酵生产柚皮菌体蛋白饲料的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
实验采用啤酒酵母和黑曲霉以柚皮为原料进行单菌和混菌发酵生产柚皮菌体蛋白饲料条件的研究。讨论了接种量、培养时间、培养温度、通风量、菌种比例、含水量、添加物等条件对发酵效果的影响,实验结果表明,在一定条件下,混菌发酵的实验效果比单菌发酵的效果好。混菌发酵的最佳工艺条件:接种量比例(酵母菌:黑曲霉)为3:1,总接种量为12%,添加10%的麸皮于30℃环境下培养48h,粗蛋白质含量可提高到28.78%,是发酵原料的6~7倍,发酵产物色泽淡黄,酒香味,适口性好。 相似文献
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本试验以拟康宁木霉(Trichoderma koningiopsis)和黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaetechrysosporium)为发酵菌种,研究混合发酵对玉米秸秆纤维素和木质素降解率的影响及最优发酵条件。采用单因素试验设计,通过测定菌种比例(拟康宁木霉∶黄孢原毛平革菌)、接种量、营养液添加量及发酵天数对纤维素和木质素降解率的影响,筛选出混合真菌发酵的最优条件,并进一步采用响应面法评价各因素及其交互作用对玉米秸秆纤维素和木质素降解率的影响,最后采用Design Expert 8.0.6软件分别建立混合真菌发酵玉米秸秆降解纤维素和木质素条件的二次多项式数学模型。结果表明:混合真菌发酵玉米秸秆的最优发酵条件为菌种比例1.0∶4.1,接种量25.2%,营养液添加量72.2%,发酵天数11 d。在此条件下,玉米秸秆纤维素和木质素降解率分别达到36.80%和28.87%。 相似文献
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复合益生菌固态发酵改善甘薯渣营养价值的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验旨在研究采用多种微生物混合固态发酵对甘薯渣营养价值的影响,并探讨其最佳发酵工艺参数。采用单因素试验设计,对4类菌种共12株菌种进行单菌发酵,从中筛选1株发酵效果最优菌株作为混菌发酵的主菌种,与其他3类菌株进行不同组合发酵,筛选最佳菌种组合。采用正交试验设计,考察发酵时间、发酵温度、料水比、接种量及菌种接种比例对甘薯渣营养价值影响。结果表明:1)在发酵温度38℃,发酵时间4.5 d,料水比1∶1.3,接种量1×106个/g,接种比例黑曲霉2∶里氏木霉∶枯草芽孢杆菌1∶酿酒酵母1=1∶1∶2∶1条件下发酵效果最好。2)在混菌发酵后,以干物质为基础,粗蛋白质含量从6.37%提高到9.75%;粗脂肪含量从2.71%提高到4.92%;发酵后还原糖含量达到8.22%,羧甲基纤维素酶、滤纸酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和淀粉酶活性分别为4.26、3.29、3.75和5.15 U/g DM。由此可见,农副产品甘薯渣经过微生物混菌固态发酵后可以有效改善其营养品质。 相似文献
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菌种和发酵条件对发酵豆粕营养成分的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究利用单一枯草芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和米曲霉混合菌种分别对豆粕进行固态发酵,通过单因素和正交试验对发酵时间、pH、温度、接种量和菌种比例进行优化,比较研究菌种和发酵条件对发酵豆粕营养成分的影响.结果表明:用枯草芽孢杆菌和米曲霉混合菌种发酵豆粕比用单一菌种枯草芽孢杆菌发酵更有利于提高发酵豆粕营养水平,发酵豆粕最优的方案为枯草芽孢杆菌和米曲霉混合菌种比例为2∶1,初始pH为7.5,温度为37℃,发酵时间为48 h. 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Marioni-Henry K Vite CH Newton AL Van Winkle TJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(6):851-858
A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。 相似文献
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以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明:胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。 相似文献
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分别用CIDR(孕酮阴道栓)+PMSG(处理1)和CIDR+PMSG+LH(处理2)两种处理方法对山羊进行同期发情处理。结果发现,两种处理均以撤栓后第1d发情率最高。撒栓后0-24h和24h-48h的发情率,处理1和处理2(61.4%,13.6%和48%,20%)之间差异不显著;撤栓后48h-72h的发情率,处理1(4.59,6)显著低于处理2(24%)(P〈0.05);撤栓后0~72h发情率,两种处理(79.5%,92%)无显著差异(P〉0.05)。从手术时对卵巢的观察可以看出,有大卵泡或排卵的发情羊,处理1为91.2%,处理2为100%,二者无显著差异;排卵的发情羊,处理1为(58.8%)显著低于处理2为(91.2%)(P〈0.05)。 相似文献