Minimally Invasive Surgical Pastern Arthrodesis: An Ex Vivo Study Comparing Three Different Drilling Techniques for Cartilage Destruction

The objective was to compare the degree of cartilage destruction obtained with three different drilling techniques for minimally invasive arthrodesis of the equine pastern joint. Three drilling techniques were randomly tested on 36 cadaver distal limbs (six front and six hind limbs in each group). The basic drilling pattern consisted of several passes in a dorsopalmar and/or plantar direction across the joint space (group 1) and was either supplemented with one additional pass in a lateromedial and/or mediolateral direction (group 2) or two additional passes in a distodorsal–proximopalmar and/or plantar direction (group 3). After drilling, the pastern joints were disarticulated, the articular surfaces of P1 and P2 were digitally photographed, and the area of removed cartilage was measured using planimetry. The mean percentage of cartilage removed in the entire pastern joint was significantly lower in group 1 (34.1 ± 4.0%) compared with groups 2 and 3 (45.0 ± 5.2% and 43.0 ± 4.0%, respectively; P < .001). There was significantly more cartilage removed in the hind (47.1 ± 4.4%) versus the forelimbs (42.0 ± 5.0%) of group 2 (P = .003), whereas in group 3, there was significantly more cartilage removed in the forelimbs (44.6 ± 3.0%) compared with the hind limbs (40.6 ± 3.0%) (P = .039). The technique of group 2 gave significantly more cartilage destruction compared with technique 1 while being practical to perform. Therefore, this technique seems to be the most promising for further evaluation in a clinical situation.     

Use of Bone Plate for Treatment of an Open Third Metacarpal Fracture in a Foal

A 7-month-old, 180-kg, female foal was presented with open diaphyseal fracture of the left third metacarpal bone. The fractured limb was stabilized preoperatively with external coaptation. Open reduction and internal fixation were done using 4.5-mm broad dynamic compression plate, which was applied in a neutralization manner. Postoperatively, external support with padded bandage reinforced with gutter splint made of fiber glass was provided. The incisional infection and the contaminated wound on medial aspect of the metacarpal were managed with regular dressing. Complete radiographic union and functional recovery were noticed by 4 months postoperatively. Open diaphyseal fractures can be managed by proper preoperative fracture stabilization, wound management, and fixation methods using bone plate and external coaptation.     

壮筋补骨丸促进家兔人工骨折愈合的组织学观察

为客观评价壮筋补骨丸促进骨折愈合的作用,选用30只雄性新西兰兔造成右侧桡骨3 mm完全缺损的骨折模型,随机分为模型组、伤科组和壮筋组,分别给予生理盐水、伤科接骨片和壮筋补骨丸灌胃,连续4周.各组动物每周处死3只,取样进行HE染色、Masson染色和PAS染色观察,并于术后28 d取右侧桡骨(骨折骨)进行扫描电镜观察.结果表明,壮筋组较模型组及伤科组提前1周PAS和Masson染色呈阳性,于2周后观察到胶原纤维大量出现,成骨过程明显快于模型组.电镜观察显示模型组术后4周骨痂生长,胶原纤维交错排列,未出现成熟的骨细胞,而伤科组及壮筋组术后4周胶原纤维平行簇状排列,出现了板质骨和骨细胞,与模型组比较差异明显,表明壮筋补骨丸能促进新西兰兔骨折愈合.     

复方忍冬藤提取物促进骨折愈合及抗炎作用研究

试验旨在探讨复方忍冬藤提取物对骨折愈合和抗炎的作用。采用牙科电钻制备兔右侧桡骨骨折模型,通过测定血清中钙、磷和碱性磷酸酶的含量,探明其对骨折家兔血清生化指标的影响。利用LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞建立炎症模型,采用ELISA法测定复方忍冬藤提取物对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞释放的炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β和NO含量的变化。结果显示,利用牙科电钻可成功制备兔骨折模型,复方忍冬藤提取物可增加骨折家兔血清中钙和碱性磷酸酶的水平,降低血清中磷含量。与LPS组相比,50~200 μg/mL复方忍冬藤提取物对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞分泌的炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和NO的含量具有显著的抑制作用（P<0.05）,对IL-6的含量无显著影响（P>0.05）。综上所述,复方忍冬藤提取物对骨折愈合有促进作用,并具有较好的抗炎效果。