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1.
    
M. López    M. Romero    F. J. Vargas    M. Mnejja    P. Arús    I. Batlle 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(5):502-506
To verify the compatibility behaviour of the almond cultivar ‘Francolí’ and to clarify its S genotype a combination of pollination tests, stylar ribonuclease and allele specific PCR analysis was used. ‘Francolí’ was released from IRTA's breeding programme in 1994, having been putatively raised from the cross ‘Cristomorto’ (S1S2) × ‘Gabaix’ (S10S25). This cultivar was also reported to be self‐incompatible but revealing only one S band in the zymograms after S‐RNases analysis. ‘Francolí’ sets nuts after test crossing with two S1S25 cultivars, having a different genotype from that earlier reported. ‘Francolí’ was also observed to be self‐compatible after selfing flowers in the field and in the laboratory. ‘Francolí’ was re‐assigned the S1Sf genotype after test crossing, stylar ribonuclease and PCR data analysis. After microsatellite analysis, the self‐compatible ‘Tuono’ (S1Sf) cultivar is suggested as the male parent of ‘Francolí’ instead of the earlier reported ‘Gabaix’.  相似文献   

2.
  总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Summary Six European research groups are collaborating to develop genetic markers and linkage maps for use inPrunus breeding programmes. A basic map with 200 RFLPs and 50 more markers including isozymes and RAPDs will be constructed using two highly segregating populations: an interspecific peach × almond F2 and a cherry F2. Then, the parents of eleven almond, cherry, peach or plum breeding progenies segregating for target characters will be screened for polymorphisms at the marker loci, and a set of reduced maps, one per progeny, will be constructed with markers spaced 20–30 cM and covering the whole genome. Cosegregation analysis of markers and characters of interest will allow us to find linkages between markers and major genes or quantitative trait loci responsible for the expression of these traits. A map with 72 markers, 7 isozymes and 65 RFLPs, has been developed at the IRTA-Cabrils laboratory using an intraspecific almond progeny, ‘Ferragnes’ × ‘Mono’. Probes for the analysis of RFLPs were obtained from almond genomic and cDNA libraries. The level of polymorphism for RFLPs and the distribution of markers in the chromosomes of almond are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
Homozygous self-compatible almond cultivars have not been reported. It is unclear if they are more inferior than heterozygotes or simply have not yet been detected. To investigate if homozygous individual are generally inferior, the self-compatibility genotype, homozygous or heterozygous, was determined by stylar ribonuclease assay in a population of 241 almond trees obtained by self-fertilisation of self-compatible selections. The resulting zymograms showed that 129 of the seedlings were homozygous and 112 heterozygous. For three years the differences observed between these two classes of self-compatible individuals were analysed with respect to 16 agronomic characteristics. In general, there were no important differences between the two classes. Both showed a low degree of productivity, probably as a result of their inbred origin. Some selected homozygous individuals were used in crosses, which were planned so as to ensure the self-compatibility of 100% of the descendants and to eliminate the laborious task of testing the seedlings for self-compatibility. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

4.
A major gene for flowering time in almond   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) is the earliest temperate fruit species to bloom. This restricts the economic growing of almond to frost free regions. Most almond-breeding programmes aim to develop lateflowering cultivars in order to avoid frost damage and take advantage of higher temperatures which are favourable for pollination and fertilization. Flowering time is generally considered to be inherited quantitatively but a single gene conferring very late flowering in a qualitative way has been identified in several progenies tracing back to a single mutant, ‘Tardy Nonpareil’. The effect of this allele has been studied in three progenies, showing that the effect of this major gene is modified by minor genes, quantitatively inherited, and probably influenced by inbreeding.  相似文献   

5.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis of late blooming in almond. Molecular markers were used to study the Late bloom gene (Lb), responsible for a delay of blooming time, in an F1 segregating population of 134 plants. Using a qualitative approach, the Lb gene was located on linkage group 4 of the almond map, flanked by markers AG6 and FG3. The quantitative analysis confirmed the presence of a major gene on linkage group 4, which explained at least 79% of the phenotypic variation. On average, the plants with the Lb allele bloomed 15 days later and the Lb allele showed dominant gene action. In addition, three RAPD markers associated with the Lb gene were identified by bulked segregant analysis. One was placed at 5.4 cM from Lb and could be used as a diagnostic marker for flowering time.  相似文献   

6.
金铁锁生态学初步研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10       下载免费PDF全文
摘要: 对滇西北及周边部分地区金铁锁野外生态学调查研究结果表明:金铁锁一般出现在海拔2400~3400 m有一定空旷度的砾石或石灰质岩石山坡中;土壤主要为紧实、干燥而贫瘠的石灰岩红壤土或黄砂壤土。对金铁锁分布影响较大的因子是土壤、湿度和温度。对金铁锁生态学特征的了解有助于对它进行人工引种驯化及规范化种植。  相似文献   

7.
  总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
M. C. de  Vicente  M. J. Truco    J. Egea    L. Burgos  P. Arús 《Plant Breeding》1998,117(2):153-158
The level of polymorphism of the restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) detected by 33 almond genomic and cDNA probes was studied in a set of 52 European and North-American apricot cultivars. Eighteen of these probes were polymorphic and yielded a total of 48 scorable bands, allowing the identification of 45 different phenotypes. Most cultivars (43) had an individually distinguishable RFLP phenotype, and three of the five clusters with the same phenotype contained cultivars that were likely to be synonymous. The group of Spanish cultivars (25) had a lower level of polymorphism than the others, suggesting that bottlenecks may have occurred in the recent history of the apricot that have eroded its genetic variability.  相似文献   

8.
郑林华 《中国农学通报》2014,30(27):241-245
研究和掌握水稻土主要养分状况,分析其变化原因,为指导水稻合理施肥和培肥地力提供科学依据。根据农业部测土配方施肥技术规范的要求,对全市采集的3.50万个水稻土耕作层土样的主要养分含量及pH进行化验分析。土壤有机质平均含量为32.7 g/kg,属较为丰富水平;碱解氮平均含量为162 mg/kg,属中等至较丰富水平;有效磷平均含量为17.1 mg/kg,属中等水平;速效钾平均含量为71 mg/kg,属较缺乏水平;土壤平均pH 5.0,土壤呈酸性反应。与第二次全国土壤普查数据结果比较,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷分别增加1.24%、9.10%、35.71%;速效钾下降24.63%;pH下降0.2个单位。对水田土壤应加强农业和工程的改土培肥措施,水稻施肥应注意“控氮、稳磷、增钾”。  相似文献   

9.
钙营养对温室毛桃果实品质及 生理生化特性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
摘 要:以春元、春艳为试材,研究了在温室条件下喷钙对果实品质及生理生化特性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,喷钙处理提高了果实中Ca2+的浓度,增加了果实中可溶性糖的含量,降低了可滴定酸的含量,增加了可溶性蛋白及Vc的含量,同时提高了POD的活性,降低了PPO的活性,进而改善了果实品质及贮藏性能。  相似文献   

10.
研究不同黄瓜品种在封闭式基质槽培系统下的适应性及品种表现,为开展槽培黄瓜高产高效栽培奠定基础。以筛选的6 个黄瓜品种为试材,对封闭式基质槽培系统下黄瓜品种的物候期、植物学性状、果实品质、产量以及抗病性进行比较分析。结果表明,参试的6 个黄瓜品种中,‘博美80-5’长势强,早期产量和总产量均为最高,较对照品种‘津优35’分别高44.37%和36.56%,且抗白粉病;‘京研108-2’维生素C含量较高,其总产量较对照品种高32.29%;‘中农50’果实风味优于对照和其他品种,可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量最高,分别高于对照品种27.74%、40.58%,且在产量、抗病性等方面表现较佳。综合比较得出,‘博美80-5’、‘京研108-2’和‘中农50’可以作为设施封闭式基质槽培系统的配套品种推广应用。  相似文献   

11.
采用不同肉质类型的桃、油桃果实为材料,对采后低温和自发气调包装等对果实硬度、失重和SSC含量等的变化进行了研究,结果表明:(1)不同类型桃、油桃采后果实硬度变化差异较大,常温下24-30和中桃2号果实硬度下降较慢,而中油桃5号、10号较快,在冷库低温条件下,24-30、中油桃5号和中油桃10号两周后硬度出现迅速下降,而曙光和中桃2号在贮藏后即迅速下降,带皮硬度与去皮硬度之间有一定差异,但变化趋势基本一致;(2)MA包装能有效地延缓采后桃、油桃果实硬度的降低,在常温及低温条件下均是如此,不同肉质类型间差异明显,曙光和中桃2号非常敏感,而中油桃10号则不太敏感,即MA包装对其果实硬度降低的延缓没有其它品种明显;(3)采后桃、油桃果实的SSC含量均有一定的降低,低温下该过程较慢,MA包装在常温下有加剧SSC下降的趋势,低温下则不明显,这可能与常温下采后立即进行MA包装不利于“田间热”及呼吸热的及时散发而加剧呼吸有关。(4)桃、油桃采后果实失重明显,低温有助于大大减缓贮藏桃、油桃的失重,常温下1天的失重相当于低温条件下1周的失重,不同类型品种表现有一定差异,常温下曙光失重较慢,而冷库低温条件下中桃2号失重要快于曙光和中油桃10号。  相似文献   

12.
耐密型玉米育种相关问题的思考   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
玉米种植密度逐步提高不仅是玉米产量不断提高的主要途径,也是育种中提高选择效果的重要手段。本文结合我国玉米生产和育种的实际情况,对耐密型玉米品种选育的育种目标、种质选择、自交系选育技术和杂交种鉴定技术进行了探讨。  相似文献   

13.
寒地水稻氮磷钾营养诊断技术的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
摘要:采用多点田间生物试验法,在2006-2007年对寒地水稻进行了两年营养诊断技术研究,形成了寒地水稻氮、磷、钾的土壤和植株营养诊断技术与方法。氮素诊断在分蘖期和孕穗期均以叶片叶绿素相对含量作为诊断指标最好;磷素营养诊断在分蘖期土壤全磷和植株全磷均可作为诊断指标,在孕穗期以植株全磷为诊断指标最好;钾素诊断在分蘖期土壤速效钾和植株全钾均可作为这个时期的诊断指标,在孕穗期以土壤速效钾进行钾营养诊断最能反映生产实际。  相似文献   

14.
摘要:采用Excel工作表及Origin7.0统计分析软件对基于绿叶面积玉米叶片保绿度开花后衰减特性进行了初步研究,结果表明:玉米开花后叶片保绿度衰减符合方程y=aeb-cx/(1+eb-cx);不同基因型玉米叶片保绿度衰减启动时间、最大衰减速率和最大衰减速率出现时间等衰减特性差异较大;即使相同基因型在不同环境条件下叶片衰减特性也不尽相同。采用y=aeb-cx/(1+eb-cx)模拟方程能比较全面揭示叶片保绿度的动态变化过程。  相似文献   

15.
摘要:采用纸卡法在室内对TEPEC-B1型高压静电喷雾器进行了雾滴大小,喷雾距离,喷雾密度和喷雾量的测试,同时与常规喷雾器进行了比较。测试结果表明:TEPEC-B1型高压静电喷雾器荷电喷雾的雾滴密度显著高于非荷电喷雾,在靶标背面的雾滴密度明显增大。荷电喷雾的雾滴粒径只有常规喷雾雾滴粒径的1/3~1/4,且粒径谱较常规喷雾器窄,雾滴均匀度较高。TEPEC-B1型高压静电喷雾器通过不同档位调节可以控制喷雾量和喷雾距离,适于保护地不同类型蔬菜的病虫害防治。  相似文献   

16.
3种筛选NPT-Ⅱ标记转基因油菜方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
利用卡那霉素溶液叶片涂抹法、种子浸泡法以及卡那霉素MS培养基筛选法三种方法对含有NPT-Ⅱ标记基因的转基因油菜种子(T0)进行筛选。结果表明,三种筛选方法的最佳卡那霉素选择压为200mg/L;涂抹叶片法4-5d可以明显识别植株对卡那霉素抗性与否,此法筛选到的4株植株PCR检测全部呈阳性,可靠性达100%;浸泡种子法2-3d可以明显识别植株对卡那霉素抗性与否,此法筛选到的5株植株PCR检测全部呈阳性,可靠性100%;MS培养基筛选法一般10d可以明显植株识别对卡那霉素抗性与否,此法筛选到20株植株,移栽后存活5株,PCR检测3株呈阳性,2株是假阳性植株,可靠性为60%。因此可以认为卡那霉素涂抹叶片和浸泡种子两种方法是转基因油菜进行大规模、快速的筛选及后代的遗传分析的理想方法。  相似文献   

17.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A. &#;slam 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(4):368-371
Clonal selection was practised in ‘Uzunmusa’ hazelnut over the past 3 years (1999‐2001) to select the highest quality types. Based on an initial assessment of a total of 102 types, 45 were selected for further study. The best types were selection numbers (SN) 397 and 570. The two selected clones have very good characteristics and seem to be superior to the standard clone. The clones had a higher kernel percentage (62.72%), a higher number of nuts per cluster (5.5), thinner shells (0.75 mm) and heavier nuts (2.34 g). On the other hand, the clones seem to be very suitable for the nut industry because of their oil content and size. These types have very thin shells which are suitable for in‐shell market.  相似文献   

18.
摘 要:【研究目的】本文为了获得藏灵菇嗜热链球菌Tx菌株胞外多糖(EPS)的纯品,探索了EPS粗品的纯化方法;【方法】利用Sepharose CL-6B进行凝胶分级纯化,并对EPS纯品采用紫外全波长扫描、凝胶色谱鉴定及EPS纯度测定;【结果】最佳纯化条件:采用0.05~0.06 mol/L氯化钠溶液梯度洗脱,流速为0.25 mL/min,样品上样浓度为1.0 mg/mL,上样量为1.0 mL;【结论】在最佳纯化条件下得到的EPS纯度为98.01%,是纯化前的1.4倍,为今后进一步研究EPS结构与功能提供了实验基础。  相似文献   

19.
普通野生稻抗旱性初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
摘要:以普通野生稻六个居群(海南琼海居群,万宁居群,儋州居群,文昌居群,乐东居群,长雄野生稻)为材料,在干旱胁迫条件下分别测定其叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、叶片游离脯氨酸含量三个生理指标,结果表明,各居群叶片相对含水量均呈下降趋势,且下降幅度不同;叶绿素含量呈“先升后降”趋势;脯氨酸含量呈不同程度的上升。综合三项生理指标及干旱条件下对各居群的实际观察情况,初步认为它们的抗旱性大小顺序如下:琼海居群>长雄野生稻>万宁居群>儋州居群>乐东居群>文昌居群。  相似文献   

20.
不同来源腐殖酸对土壤酶活性的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
本文选用沈阳市东陵区天柱山耕作棕壤,采用室内培养试验研究了不同来源腐殖酸对土壤酶活性的影响情况。研究表明:三种腐殖酸均对脲酶、过氧化氢酶起抑制作用,且以褐煤腐殖酸最突出;对转化酶和中性磷酸酶均有促进作用。其中,风化煤腐殖酸对转化酶活性的促进作用较突出,褐煤腐殖酸对中性磷酸酶活性的促进作用最突出。  相似文献   

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