文心兰茎尖及花梗离体培养研究

文心兰茎尖和花梗用MS 6-BA2mg／L NAA0．2mg／L培养基，同时分化芽和原球茎。6-BA低浓度促进花梗茎段分化芽，高浓度促进分化原球茎。培养基1／2MS 6-BAlmg／L NAA0．2mg／L 10％椰子水 0．1％活性碳适合原球茎增殖。椰子水和香蕉汁能促进原球茎和芽的增殖，兼具防褐变和壮苗功能，椰子水效果优于香蕉汁。原球茎分化培养基宜用1／2MS 6．BA0．2mg／L 10％椰了水 0．1％活性碳。适宜生根培养基为1／2MS 1BA0．5rag／L 10％椰了水 0．1％活性碳。水苔是良好的移栽基质，成活率达81．3％。     

木薯微茎尖离体培养

以木薯华南5号(SC5)和华南8号(SC8)微茎尖为外植体,通过比较试验,对微茎尖的长度、初始培养基、继代增殖和生根培养基进行筛选。结果表明:将长度为0.4~0.5 mm的木薯微茎尖外植体接种于初代培养基MS+6-BA 0.01 mg/L+NAA 0.02 mg/L+GA31.0 mg/L上培养30 d后,SC5和SC8成活率均达60.0%以上;初代培养的小苗在继代和生根培养基MS+NAA 0.02 mg/L上培养35 d后,SC5和SC8增值系数均达4.0以上,生根率达100%。建立了SC5和SC8木薯微茎尖离体培养技术体系,为下一步木薯脱毒培养奠定基础。     

玉米离体小孢子再生植株的研究

玉米花药再生植株成功的例子早在1974年就有报道(Ku 等,1978)。此后,尤其是随着培养基成分改良、预处理和相应基因型筛选等方面的成功,花药培养的研究有了明显的进展。但由于植株再生的的成功率较低,以及生产上推广应用的基因型的反应不良,致使这项     

银后粗肋草的离体培养和快速繁殖

以银后粗肋草的幼嫩叶片为材料,研究不同植物生长调节剂组合对愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响;以带侧芽的茎段为材料,研究不同接种方式、不同6-BA和NAA组合对丛生芽诱导的影响;以愈伤组织诱导的不定芽和茎段诱导的丛生芽为材料,研究不同植物生长调节剂组合对丛生芽的增殖和生根的影响;最后研究不同移栽基质组合对试管苗移栽成活的影响。结果表明:(1)叶片接种在MS+6-BA 2.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基培养中60 d后,愈伤组织诱导率为63.41%,不定芽再生率为26.88%,平均生成芽数为3.80个。(2)带侧芽的茎段水平放置接种在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上,丛生芽诱导率为91.91%,平均生成芽数为5.29个。(3)将经叶片诱导愈伤组织分化所得的不定芽和经茎段诱导所得的丛生芽切成单株,接种到MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L或MS+KT 3.0~4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L增殖培养基中,不定芽和丛生芽增殖和生长良好。(4)将在增殖培养基中长至4 cm以上的小植株转入到1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L的生根培养基中培养20 d后,生根率达100%,平均根长4.49 cm,每株平均根数6.80条。(5)生根苗移栽到1/2木屑+1/4珍珠岩+1/4菜园土混合基质中,成活率达95.40%。     

剑麻离体叶片接种剑麻茎腐病菌方法的研究

以剑麻茎腐病菌为接种病原菌,以H.11648离体叶片为接种对象,研究了5种接种方法、6种分生孢子浓度以及不同温度条件下和植株不同部位叶片的接种效果.结果表明,叶面打孔法或切口滴108个/ml的分生孢子悬浮液接种效果最好.采用该方法,20℃～42℃才能接种成功,30℃～35℃是接种后的最适培养温度;中部叶片的接种效果好于下部叶片,上部叶片接种效果最差.     

大豆耐盐离体筛选分化再生植株的初步研究

大豆(Glycine max)小真叶外植体直接接种到含不同浓度NaCl的选择培养基中,愈伤组织诱导率随NaCl浓度增高而降低,获得再生植株的最高NaCl浓度为0.25％。用连续逐级转移愈伤组织不断加强选择压的方法,可使筛选耐盐再生植株的最高NaCl浓度提高到0.3％。     

玉米未授粉子房离体培养及植株再生

探讨了不同材料、不同培养基对玉米未授粉子房的影响。确定了未授粉子房最佳培养时期,筛选出一批用于玉米未授粉子房诱导频率高的培养材料。     

剑麻离体叶片接种剑麻茎腐病菌方法的研究

以剑麻茎腐病菌为接种病原菌，以H．11648离体叶片为接种对象，研究了5种接种方法、6种分生孢子浓度以及不同温度条件下和植株不同部位叶片的接种效果。结果表明，叶面打孔法或切口滴10^8／ml的分生孢子悬浮液接种效果最好。采用该方法，20℃-42℃才能接种成功。30℃～35℃是接种后的最适培养温度；中部叶片的接种效果好于下部叶片，上部叶片接种效果最差。     

龙眼单细胞培养及其体胚发生再生植株

以龙眼松散型胚性愈伤组织(CⅢ类型)为起始材料。进行了单细胞培养及其体细胞胚胎发生再生植株的研究。结果表明：由CⅢ类型胚性愈伤组织建立起的分散性良好的悬浮细胞系，经过孔径(φ)为40μm的尼龙网过筛。可以获得单细胞悬浮系：采用液体浅层培养。部分单细胞可持续分裂，并且有规则分裂和不规则分裂2种方式。前者可能直接形成体细胞胚胎，后者则先形成多细胞团再形成体胚；在液体浅层培养中．单细胞可不经转移直接形成子叶形体细胞胚胎：这些体细胞胚胎经过成熟培养后，可萌芽生根再生完整植株。     

3份胡椒属种质花粉离体萌发研究

以海南蒟、大叶蒟和球穗胡椒的花粉为材料,研究了不同培养基和采样时间对花粉萌发率的影响。结果表明：3种胡椒种质花粉的最佳萌发条件分别为100 g/L蔗糖＋100 mg/L硼酸+600 mg/L Ca(NO3)2、100 g/L蔗糖＋100 mg/L硼酸＋300 mg/L Ca(NO3)2和100 g/L蔗糖＋200 mg/L硼酸＋300 mg/L Ca(NO3)2。ME3培养基抑制海南蒟和球穗胡椒花粉萌发,蔗糖、硼酸和Ca2+的协同作用可以提高胡椒花粉萌发率,硼酸的浓度需要控制在一定范围内(≤200mg/L     

玉米受精胚囊的离体胚胎发生及植株再生研究

以授粉后1 d的玉米胚囊为外植体,通过改进胚囊分离方法、优化培养基激素成分,开展玉米受精胚囊的体外培养研究,建立玉米受精胚囊的离体胚胎发生及植株再生体系。结果表明,胚囊外植体获得形态正常胚的比例、胚再生为植株的比例均大大提高。经离体培养,约20%的玉米受精胚囊可以获得完整植株,建立了玉米受精胚囊的离体胚胎发生及植株再生体系。     

几种生长延缓剂对甜菜离体植株增殖和保存的效应

用不同浓度的三碘苯甲酸(TIBA)、矮壮素(CCC)、B_9、多效唑(PP_(333))4种生长延缓剂对甜菜离体植株增殖和保存的效应进行了对比研究。结果表明,TIBA、B_9和CCC对甜菜试管苗生长均无明显抑制作用,不宜用于甜菜种质的试管常温保存;而PP_(333)则能使试管苗叶柄极度缩短,叶片缩小、增厚,叶色加深,生长速度显著降低,且处理后试管苗恢复生长快,残效抑制作用弱,4ppm的PP_(333)用于室温长期保存,可使试管苗转管间隔时间由1个月延至5个月。     

植物离体培养物中鱼藤酮的分离与HPLC测定

毛鱼藤（Ｄｅｒｒｉｓ ｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃａ （Ｒｏｘｂ．）Ｂｅｎｔｈ．）和西非灰毛豆（Ｔｅｐｈｒｏｓｉａ ｖｏｇｅｌｉｉ Ｈｏｏｋ．ｆ．）离体培养物经９：１ＣＨＣｌ３／ＭｅＯＨ溶剂提取,Ｃ－１８柱层析分离后,在室温条件下以６６：３４ＭｅＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ或４２：５８ＣＨ３ＣＮ／Ｈ２Ｏ为流动相,支样品进行反相柱ＨＰＬＣ分析。结果表明,毛鱼藤和西百灰毛豆的愈伤组织均能合成鱼藤酮,但含量相当低,分别为１７．４μｇ／ｇ,１．８μｇ／ｇ干重。经诱导生根分化的毛鱼藤愈伤组织鱼藤酮含量达１３６．２μｇ／ｇ干重,为愈伤组织含量的７．８倍。西非灰毛豆悬浮培养物的鱼藤酮含量虽比愈伤组织有很大提高,但还不及毛鱼藤愈伤组织含量。结果表明,植物的基因类型在次生代谢上起重要作用,同时离体组织或细胞的分化有助于鱼藤酮的生物合成。     

Anti-HBV Activities of Polysaccharides from Thais clavigera (Küster) by In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health problem. It is therefore imperative to develop drugs for anti-hepatitis B with high-efficiency and low toxicity. Attracted by the observations and evidence that the symptoms of some patients from the Southern Fujian, China, suffering from hepatitis B were alleviated after daily eating an edible marine mollusk, Thais clavigera (Küster 1860) (TCK). Water-soluble polysaccharide from TCK (TCKP1) was isolated and characterized. The anti-HBV activity of TCKP1 and its regulatory pathway were investigated on both HepG2.2.15 cell line and HBV transgenic mice. The data obtained from in vitro studies showed that TCKP1 significantly enhanced the production of IFN-α, and reduced the level of HBV antigens and HBV DNA in the supernatants of HepG2.2.15 cells in a dose-dependent manner with low cytotoxicity. The result of the study on the HBV transgenic mice further revealed that TCKP1 significantly decreased the level of transaminases, HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA in the serum, as well as HBsAg, HBeAg, HBV DNA, and HBV RNA in the liver of HBV transgenic (HBV-Tg) mice. Furthermore, TCKP1 exhibited equivalent inhibitory effect with the positive control tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) on the markers above except for HBV DNA even in low dosage in a mouse model. However, the TCKP1 high-dose group displayed stronger inhibition of transaminases and liver HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV RNA when compared with those of TAF. Meanwhile, inflammation of the liver was, by pathological observation, relieved in a dose-dependent manner after being treated with TCKP1. In addition, elevated levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and reduced level of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the serum were observed, indicating that the anti-HBV effect of TCKP1 was achieved by potentiating immunocyte function and regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines.     

马铃薯抗苏打盐碱性研究离体试验

马铃薯耐盐性的研究大部分集中在NaCl上,极少数进行了抗NaHCO3的研究,本研究利用不同浓度NaHCO3和不同pH的培养基对15个主栽马铃薯品种试管苗进行了25 d胁迫试验,鉴定和筛选抗苏打盐碱性较强的品种。结果表明:盐碱胁迫下各品种生长均受到不同程度抑制。晋薯2号在较重的盐碱处理中成活率比较高,株高、生物产量与对照差异不明显,抗苏打盐碱性强于其它几个品种。。     

Development and Characterization of Calcium-Alginate Beads of Apigenin: In Vitro Antitumor,Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities

The objective of this work was to develop sustained-release Ca-alginate beads of apigenin using sodium alginate, a natural polysaccharide. Six batches were prepared by applying the ionotropic gelation technique, wherein calcium chloride was used as a crosslinking agent. The beads were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, percentage yield, and in vitro drug release. Particle size was found to decrease, and drug entrapment efficiency was enhanced with an increase in the polymer concentration. The dissolution study showed sustained drug release from the apigenin-loaded alginate beads with an increase in the polymer proportion. Based on the dissolution profiles, BD6 formulation was optimized and characterized for FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM, results of which indicated successful development of apigenin-loaded Ca alginate beads. MTT assay demonstrated a potential anticancer effect against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The antimicrobial activity exhibited effective inhibition in the bacterial and fungal growth rate. The DPPH measurement revealed that the formulation had substantial antioxidant activity, with EC50 value slightly lowered compared to pure apigenin. A stability study demonstrated that the BD6 was stable with similar (f2) drug release profiles in harsh condition. In conclusion, alginate-based beads could be used for sustaining the drug release of poorly water-soluble apigenin while also improving in vitro antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity.