民用飞机燃油系统电子设备电磁兼容性符合性方法研究

民用客机的电气化程度越来越高,机载电子设备之间的电磁兼容问题变得越来越重要,本文研究了民用航空规章对飞机机载电子设备电磁兼容性的适航要求,通过对适航要求的理解,提出了民用飞机燃油系统电子设备电磁兼容性符合性验证方法,对燃油系统设计具有指导意义。     

民用飞机油箱干舱设计对燃油消耗曲线的影响分析

民用飞机在飞行过程中随着燃油消耗飞机重心不断变化,而燃油重心的变化往往很复杂,油箱干舱的设计给燃油重心的计算增加了复杂度。本文主要探讨油箱干舱的设置对于燃油消耗曲线的影响,以进一步考察燃油消耗曲线的计算的油箱模型是否有必要对干舱部分进行处理。本文建立了带有干舱和无干舱设计两种油箱模型,对两种油箱模型的燃油消耗曲线进行计算分析。计算结果表明,干舱部分对应的燃油重心对整个油箱的燃油消耗曲线计算分析影响很小,在进行燃油消耗曲线计算时,在工程误差的许可范围内,为降低计算复杂度可不对干舱进行处理。     

典型卸压口盖设计方案

对于大多数民用客机来说,在特定工况下,一些结构必须有卸压措施。一但发生爆裂,除卸压口盖外,其它结构件不应脱离飞机。本文以某型飞机卸压口盖设计为例,介绍典型卸压口盖设计方案。     

民用飞机EWIS重量管控研究

民机电气线路互联系统(EWIS)连接机上所有用电设备,其重量在飞机重量中占较大比例,对飞机的飞行性能有重要的影响。本文以EWIS重量管控为研究对象,通过将EWIS涉及的所有零件进行完全分类,给出不同类别零件的重量、重心、转动惯量的计算方法,介绍了基于C#开发的重量数据计算工具,并制定了EWIS重量管控的流程,为民机研制过程中EWIS重量管控提供参考。     

浅谈民用客机研制项目工作分解结构(WBS)构建方法

大型民用客机研制项目WBS是项目分工、经费预算、进度计划及风险控制等工作开展的基础。应用实践表明,该方法可以实现大型民用客机研制项目WBS的定义、表达与实施,为大型民用客机研制项目提供完整的项目工作内容与清晰的工作界面。     

浅谈民用客机研制项目工作分解结构(WBS)构建方法

大型民用客机研制项目WBS是项目分工、经费预算、进度计划及风险控制等工作开展的基础.应用实践表明,该方法可以实现大型民用客机研制项目WBS的定义、表达与实施,为大型民用客机研制项目提供完整的项目工作内容与清晰的工作界面.     

浅谈搜爆犬对飞机客舱的安检使用

随着国内民航飞机的快速发展,飞机结构的日趋复杂化、机体的大型化、机种的多样化,成为民航飞机发展的主流,这就对飞机的安检工作提出了更高的要求。从搜爆犬搜爆角度来看,飞机客航的搜索是整架飞机检查的重点。据有关资料表明,目前,平均每天全球各地的航班中,美国波音公司生产的民用客机使用率占到全球的80％之多,在我国的国内航班中,美国波音公司生产的B757-200机型的使用也占相当的比重。     

运输类飞机适航标准25.1533条款及其符合性验证方法

25.1533条款规定了飞机飞行手册必须提供的附件使用限制条件,考虑了最大飞起重量、最大着陆重量、最小飞行距离、各种可变因素等附加限制。本文介绍了美国联邦航空局(FAA)适航规章FAR25.1533和中国民航适航规章CCAR25.1533条款历史演变、内容解读,并给出了建议的符合性方法及说明,对民用运输类飞机适航取证过程中,25.1533条款的符合性验证具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于CAEPIPE的高温高压引气导管应力分析

本文在分析了民用客机高温高压引气导管工作特性、材料特性、受力原理和布置方式的基础上,基于CAEPIPE软件建立了引气导管的计算模型;并选用米塞斯应力准则,进行了应力计算与分析。研究工作对于我国民用客机导管系统的设计优化具有参考价值。     

民用飞机燃油易燃性及其防爆技术研究进展

飞机燃油易燃易爆性一直是适航安全关注的重点,它直接关系到飞机在飞行过程中的安全。因此,有关飞机燃油的安全研究就显得十分必要。本文对燃油理化性质和燃油防爆技术分别做出论述,目前的结果希望能对未来我国航空事业提供有益参考。     

Surface Fuel Sampling Strategies: Linking Fuel Measurements and Fire Effects

We assessed the effectiveness of different sampling strategies in linking fine fuel load and crown scorch of ashe (Juniperus ashei) and redberry juniper (J. pinchotii) for prescribed fires conducted in wet and dry periods of the growing season on the Edwards Plateau, Texas, USA. Our aim was to determine if spatial and temporal variation in crown scorch was best predicted by estimates of fuel load sampled with spatially explicit, multiscale sampling strategies or with traditional, simple random sampling of fuel load. We found that multiscale sampling of fuel load underneath and adjacent to juniper crowns was more effective than simple random sampling in predicting crown scorch for the 14 fires conducted in the wet period and the five conducted in the dry period. The type of sampling strategy employed was critical in relating fuel load to crown scorch during the wet period. Percent crown volume scorched ranged from 0% to 100% in these conditions. In contrast, the type of sampling strategy was less important in the dry period when crown scorch was &spigt;90% for all juniper trees. We use these findings to illustrate how a multiscale sampling design can increase prediction power, thereby improving our ability to provide resource professionals with critical values to target in management. Using such a strategy in this study revealed that fine fuel loading of 2 670 kg · ha^–1 were needed to scorch juniper trees 100% for the conditions present in the wet period, whereas only 1 280 kg · ha^–1 were needed in the dry period. To provide managers with this type of information, we suggest that researchers shift from simple, random sampling of fuels to alternate sampling designs where randomization is maintained in the designation of treatments or selection of observations (i.e., individual juniper trees) but where fuel is systematically sampled at the location of the observation of interest.     

Fuel homeostasis in the ruminant

Sufficient amounts of energy are stored in the animal body to support its needs during periods when dietary intake does not meet energy requirements. To be utilized, these energy reserves must be converted to compounds appropriate for oxidation at the cellular level. In addition, energy supplies must be transferred from storage sites to sites of utilization. The biochemical pathways of oxidation provide not only a means of deriving energy from carbon compounds, but also a means of transferring carbons from one type of energy source to another. The transfer of carbons between carbohydrates, lipids, ketone bodies, and proteins is regulated by endocrine and substrate effects. Regulation of this activity constitutes fuel homeostasis. Breakdowns in these homeostatic mechanisms result in metabolic disease.     

先进压水堆燃料组件设计特点

传统能源的不断减少和对环境的持续污染使核电能源的地位变得越来越重要,而进一步提高燃料组件的性能则是发展核电能源的关键方向之一。本文介绍了世界上先进压水堆燃料组件的设计特点,包括了法国的GAIA燃料组件、美国的AP1000燃料组件、俄罗斯的TVS-K方形燃料组件以及Lightbridge燃料组件等,对世界上先进燃料组件的发展潮流和趋势进行总结。     

研究堆燃料组件设计综述

研究堆是核反应堆的一种类型,其主要功能是为研究或其它用途提供中子源,是一种工具堆。燃料组件是研究堆中的重要部件,由于其用途与商用堆存在较大的不同,因此其燃料组件在结构设计上与商用堆组件存在较大差异。本文从燃料组件的整体结构、连接结构以及流道结构等方面对研究堆燃料组件结构设计进行了分析。在此基础上,提出了研究堆燃料组件设计方面的建议,以供类似组件设计参考。     

节油竞技赛车车架设计与分析

本文依据"HONDA节能竞技大赛"赛事要求,对节油竞技燃油赛车的节能车车架进行三维建模,利用ANSYS完成了有限元分析和优化设计,设计结果表明其车架在强度基础上,有效地减轻了车架重量,达到了设计目的。     

研究堆燃料材料选择分析

研究堆是核反应堆的一种类型,其主要功能是为研究或其它用途提供中子源,是一种工具堆。燃料组件是研究堆中的重要部件,由于研究堆燃料降低富集度的要求,如何选择燃料材料才能满足燃料设计和燃料制造的要求,本文从燃料的类型、与基体材料的相容性等出发对燃料的选择进行了初步的分析。     

飞机燃油测量系统设计误差影响分析

燃油测量系统在设计阶段需要确定传感器的布置方案,然后生成真值表,在这个过程中会产生误差。本文介绍了传感器布置和生成真值表的方法,分析了每个阶段产生的误差对测量精度的影响,从而确定减小误差的方法。     

Models for Predicting Fuel Consumption in Sagebrush-Dominated Ecosystems

Fuel consumption predictions are necessary to accurately estimate or model fire effects, including pollutant emissions during wildland fires. Fuel and environmental measurements on a series of operational prescribed fires were used to develop empirical models for predicting fuel consumption in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) ecosystems. Models are proposed for predicting fuel consumption during prescribed fires in the fall and the spring. Total prefire fuel loading ranged from 5.3–23.6 Mg · ha^?1; between 32% and 92% of the total loading was composed of live and dead big sagebrush. Fuel consumption ranged from 0.8–22.3 Mg · ha^?1, which equates to 11–99% of prefire loading (mean = 59%). Model predictors include prefire shrub loading, proportion of area burned, and season of burn for shrub fuels (R² = 0.91). Models for predicting proportion of area burned for spring and fall fires were also developed (R² = 0.64 and 0.77 for spring and fall fire models, respectively). Proportion of area burned, an indicator of the patchiness of the fire, was best predicted from the coverage of the herbaceous vegetation layer, wind speed, and slope; for spring fires, day-of-burn 10-h woody fuel moisture content was also an important predictor variable. Models predicted independent shrub consumption measurements within 8.1% (fall) and 12.6% (spring) for sagebrush fires.     

燃油试验室内航空煤油蒸汽扩散的数值模拟

本文采用数值模拟方法 ,针对燃油试验室厂房内航空煤油蒸汽,在不同工况下,计算煤油蒸汽的浓度分布规律。结果表明:通风装置的空气流速对煤油蒸汽浓度影响较大,当空气流速为2m/s时,空间内浓度最低;空间内环境温度升高,煤油蒸汽浓度增大,当温度达闪点时,煤油蒸汽扩散加剧;厂房空间内采用底部送风的方式,能明显降低整个空间内煤油蒸汽的浓度。     

乏燃料运输容器排水及干燥方法浅析

乏燃料运输容器在水下装料后通常采取干式运输,需对容器内腔进行排水、干燥、充惰性气体、检漏等一系列操作。介绍了三种排水方法和两种干燥方法,分析了两种干燥方法常见问题及解决方法,探讨了容器内腔干燥的准则。