柔性化教学在汽车营销类课程中的探索

本文分析了汽车营销类专业课程教学内容与教学方法改进的必要性,并指出了传统教学存在的问题,针对性地提出了汽车营销类专业课程教学内容与教学方法改进的思路与措施。     

车载电子通信安全技术分析

随着无线通信技术的发展与进步,车载电子通信技术得到快速地发展,因此目前很多汽车上安装了电子通信系统,这样就可以确保能随时进行无线通信,从而有效地解决了汽车行驶中的无线通讯问题,保证驾驶的安全和通信快捷。但是随着车载电子通信系统得到普遍的应用,通信安全的问题也受到了人们的关注,因此相关科研人员要积极主动研究车载电子通信系统安全技术,从而保证车载电子通信的进一步发展。     

“汽车构造”实验课教学改革探索

汽车构造课程是汽车类专业的基础课程,具有举足轻重的地位。文章结合我校汽车构造课程的教学现状,以汽车领域技能紧缺人才培养计划为目的,提出了该课程的一些具体的改革措施。例如:建立开放性实验室、增加多媒体教学、扩大实践教学等,从而提高学生的动手实践能力,增强毕业生就业的竞争力。     

《EDA技术》课程信息化建设与探索

EDA技术课程是电子信息类专业核心课程,具有知识更新速度快、应用面广和实践性强等特点。以为社会培养具有工程实践能力的高素质创新型人才为目标,构建EDA技术数字化课程,搭建了开放性教学平台和网络虚拟实验交互平台,取得了良好的效果。     

GPS技术在故障急修作业中的应用

GPS故障急修车载定位监控系统融合了GPS定位技术、计算机技术、GIS技术、无线通信技术等多学科技术,是城市用户故障排查专家系统中重要组成部分。因此,为了提高工作效率和减少经济损失,急需对车载定位监控系统进行研究。本文分析了国内外GPS急修车载定位监控系统现状,介绍了GPS急修车载定位监控系统相关的GPS全球定位系统、GPRS/GSM无线通信网络、GIS地理信息系统技术以及百度地图API框架,并简要阐明了GPS急修车载定位监控系统的三个子模块。最后对GPS技术在故障急修作业中的应用以图示的方式进行了阐述。     

地方高校《模拟电子技术基础》课程教学现状与改革探讨

《模拟电子技术基础》课程是电子信息类专业的核心技术基础课,对该课程进行改革实践有着十分重要的意义。本文以吉首大学为例,对地方高校《模拟电子技术基础》课程的教学现状以及存在的问题进行了分析,阐明了该课程教学改革的必要性,并从教学内容与体系、教学方法与手段、试验方式和内容、双语教学和网络教学等方面对《模拟电子技术基础》课程教学改革进行了探讨。     

高职高专《机械设计基础》教学探讨

机械设计基础课程是机械类、近机械类专业的一门专业技术基础课。本课程的科学性、综合性和实践性都比较强,是机械类、近机械类专业的主干课之一,在相应各专业教学计划中占有重要的地位,是培养生产一线技能型人才的必修课。本文对此课程的教学内容、教学方法等进行深入探讨,对提高该课程的教学质量具有重要意义。     

高原静音系列汽车电站设计

高原静音系列汽车电站采用了降噪设计技术、监控技术、高效减震设计技术、车载技术、系列化设计等,具有"噪音低、系列化程度高、全天候的视频监视、适应高海拔工作"的特点,本文介绍了高原静音系列汽车电站的结构设计,重点介绍了进排风标准化、系列化、通用化设计。     

地方高校“信号与系统”课程教学现状与改革探讨

"信号与系统"课程是电子信息类专业的核心技术基础课,对其进行改革实践有着十分重要的意义。本文以吉首大学为例,对地方高校"信号与系统"课程的教学现状和存在的问题进行了分析,阐明了对该课程进行教学改革的必要性。并从教学内容与体系、教学方法与手段、试验方式和内容、双语和网络教学以及考核方式等方面对"信号与系统"课程教学改革进行了深入的探讨。     

提高“电工学”教学质量的几种方法

"电工学"是高校非电类专业的一门专业技术基础课,内容抽象、晦涩,学生不易理解和掌握。为提高电工学课程教学质量,本文对电工学课程中提高教学质量的几种方法和手段进行了研究与探索。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.