共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
以小黑麦品种石大1号为母本(P1)和小黑麦品系C18为父本(P2)构建的重组自交系群体为材料,采用数量性状的主基因十多基因遗传模型分析方法对小黑麦的芒长、穗长、小穗数、穗密度、穗粒数等性状进行遗传模型分析.结果 表明:芒长的最优遗传模型是4MG-AI,受4对加性上位性主基因控制,其主基因遗传率为85.06%;穗长和小穗数的最优遗传模型相同,均为MX2-CE-A,受2对互补作用连锁主基因十加性多基因混合遗传控制,穗长、小穗数的主基因遗传率分别为20.35%、31.77%,多基因遗传率分别为62.93%、32.48%;穗密度和穗粒数的最佳遗传模型相同,均为PG-AI,由加性-上位性多基因控制,穗密度和穗粒数的多基因遗传率分别是35.34%、86.96%.芒长存在主基因遗传特性,主基因遗传率高(85.06%),受环境影响较小,育种时可在早期世代进行选择,实现单株定向选择,提高育种效率. 相似文献
2.
以小黑麦品种石大1号为母本(P1)和小黑麦品系C18为父本(P2)构建的重组自交系群体为材料,采用数量性状的主基因十多基因遗传模型分析方法对小黑麦的芒长、穗长、小穗数、穗密度、穗粒数等性状进行遗传模型分析.结果 表明:芒长的最优遗传模型是4MG-AI,受4对加性上位性主基因控制,其主基因遗传率为85.06%;穗长和小穗数的最优遗传模型相同,均为MX2-CE-A,受2对互补作用连锁主基因十加性多基因混合遗传控制,穗长、小穗数的主基因遗传率分别为20.35%、31.77%,多基因遗传率分别为62.93%、32.48%;穗密度和穗粒数的最佳遗传模型相同,均为PG-AI,由加性-上位性多基因控制,穗密度和穗粒数的多基因遗传率分别是35.34%、86.96%.芒长存在主基因遗传特性,主基因遗传率高(85.06%),受环境影响较小,育种时可在早期世代进行选择,实现单株定向选择,提高育种效率. 相似文献
3.
《草原与草坪》2021,(4)
以小黑麦品种石大1号为母本(P_1)和小黑麦品系C18为父本(P_2)构建的重组自交系群体为材料,采用数量性状的主基因+多基因遗传模型分析方法对小黑麦的芒长、穗长、小穗数、穗密度、穗粒数等性状进行遗传模型分析。结果表明:芒长的最优遗传模型是4MG-AI,受4对加性上位性主基因控制,其主基因遗传率为85.06%;穗长和小穗数的最优遗传模型相同,均为MX2-CE-A,受2对互补作用连锁主基因+加性多基因混合遗传控制,穗长、小穗数的主基因遗传率分别为20.35%、31.77%,多基因遗传率分别为62.93%、32.48%;穗密度和穗粒数的最佳遗传模型相同,均为PG-AI,由加性-上位性多基因控制,穗密度和穗粒数的多基因遗传率分别是35.34%、86.96%。芒长存在主基因遗传特性,主基因遗传率高(85.06%),受环境影响较小,育种时可在早期世代进行选择,实现单株定向选择,提高育种效率。 相似文献
4.
鸡性连锁矮小型基因的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
鸡性连锁矮小型基因(sex-linked dwarfgene)早在1959年就被发现,并且利用经典孟德尔遗传理论对该基因的遗传方式及特性的研究已经取得巨大成就,但该基因的分子基础和作用机制只是在1991年底才开始逐步阐明.性连锁矮小型基因(基因符号为dw)为伴性遗传,位于z染色体,正常基因(基因符号为Dw)对矮小型基因显性,因而只有矮小型基因纯合子的公鸡和携带有矮小型基因的母鸡的表型才为矮小型.由于矮小型鸡有基础代谢低、耗料少、 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
MHC及其在动物遗传与育种方面的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
主要组织相容性复合体(Major histocompatibility complex,MHC)不仅与移植排斥反应有关,而且还与动物的一些经济性状密切相关。文章主要阐述了MHC的结构、功能和遗传特性,并且介绍了MHC基因作为遗传标记在动物遗传与育种方面的应用。 相似文献
8.
生物基因学在开发新药中的作用及基因药物的发展前景 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1生物基因学及其技术生命科学已经揭示,基因是维持生命机体特性及其生长、繁殖、遗传和对环境(包括药物环境)响应的物质,它存在于细胞核的核酸之中。己证实核酸呈双螺旋结构。核酸中的DNA(脱氧核糖核酸)就是生物学家称之为基因(gene)的这种生命物质。DNA分子的各个片段(或基因组)代表各自相应的生物功能和遗传信息。实践证明,在对基因片段作出定位和分离的基础上,进行基因改造、修饰或重组,可以改变生物的品种,可以改良物种的遗传特性,可以防治遗传性疾病,也可以应用基因重组技术寻找或研制新的药物,或通过对生… 相似文献
9.
韩浩月 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2017,37(6)
多年来,遗传选择是以动物的基因决定其某一特定特性的生产力(例如产奶量或生长性能)这一原理进行的。然而,最近的证据表明,遗传选择不仅取决于是否存在某些能够提高动物生产性能的特定基因,而且还取决于这些基因的表达是否活跃。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
13.
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
19.
20.
以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献