兰州百合鳞片扦插繁殖效率研究

以兰州百合鳞茎不同部位为试材,在相同的培养基质中,研究了不同NAA浓度和处理时间、不同扦插深度对鳞片扦插效果各项指标的影响.结果表明:外层鳞片能够获得更多的小子球,但是获得小子球的根数显著少于内层鳞片,外源激素NAA的浓度和处理时间以及鳞片的包埋深度都影响鳞片生成小球的成活率和品质.百合鳞茎各层鳞片能表现出不同的繁殖效率,NAA浓度为0.5 g/L、浸泡2 min、扦插深度为5 cm,更有利于兰州百合的鳞片扦插繁殖.     

东方百合鳞片催培繁殖研究

以东方系百合A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6、A7、A8、A9、A10 10个品种为试材,研究了基培、扦插和气培3种催培方式下不同层次的鳞片对平均结球数、平均根数、籽球重量(g/100粒)、发根率和结球率的影响.结果表明:东方系百合各品种采用不同繁殖方式的5项指标差异显著,综合表现为:基培最好,扦插次之,而气培较差；鳞片繁殖的最佳位置依次是外部、中部和内部.     

豹子花属植物鳞片扦插繁殖的研究

以美丽豹子花(Nomocharis basilissa)、多斑豹子花(Nomocharis meleagrina)、开瓣豹子花(Nomocharis aperta)3个不同野生品种为试材,研究了不同基质(草煤土、珍珠岩、锯末、草煤土∶腐殖质土∶珍珠岩=1∶1∶1)和同一基质(草煤土∶腐殖质土∶珍珠岩=1∶1∶1)不同物种下豹子花属植物鳞片扦插繁殖能力的差异。结果表明:基质配比及物种间差异对豹子花属植物扦插繁殖有显著影响;扦插基质结构的保水、保肥性决定了豹子花鳞片的萌发、小籽球的生根率及健壮程度;其中以草煤土及草煤土∶腐殖质土∶珍珠岩=1∶1∶1混合基质最优;不同基质中籽球平均直径主要依赖于母体鳞片大小,无显著差异;相同基质下,出芽时间开瓣豹子花最短、多斑豹子花居中、美丽豹子花所需的时间最长;开瓣豹子花平均繁殖系数相对较高,而平均繁殖系数与籽球直径存在一定反比关系。     

3种基质对百合鳞片扦插繁殖的影响

以东方百合甜梦、粉色天使、粉色印迹和亚洲百合进口种球迷恋为试材,研究基质对百合鳞片扦插繁殖的影响.结果表明：3种基质均能显著提高百合鳞片扦插繁殖的生长势、提高繁殖系数.其中以亚洲百合迷恋表现最好,用泥炭作扦插基质效果好.     

不同氮素形态配比对百合生长发育的影响

采用0∶100、10∶90、25∶75、75∶25、100∶0共5个不同铵态氮/硝态氮配比的营养液,对百合进行砂培盆栽试验,研究不同形态氮素配比对百合生长发育影响。结果表明:以硝态氮为主的营养液有利于百合的生长发育,可显著提高各器官的干物质积累以及植株地上部、根部的含N量。其中NH4+-N∶NO3-N=25∶75(N3)处理百合株高、花直径、叶片叶绿素含量、地上部干物质积累、根部N含量积累均达最大值,3个以上花蕾所占比例高,花期最长,说明N3处理的营养液有利于植株生长发育和花器官形成。     

不同层次、不同激素及浓度对淡黄花百合磷片扦插的影响

用不同浓度6-BA和NAA处理淡黄花百合不同层次的鳞片,研究不同层次、不同激素及其浓度对淡黄花百合鳞片扦插的影响。结果表明:外层鳞片产仔球数较多,繁殖系数也高;未经激素处理的鳞片腐烂数少、仔球多;用NAA处理和6-BA处理效果差不多;NAA促进百合鳞片产仔球的最适浓度为0.2g/L,一个鳞片可产生1～3个仔球。通过对比分析,淡黄花百合鳞片扦插最佳的处理方式是用外层鳞片,不用任何激素处理,直接插于素沙中,繁殖系数最高,仔球直径最大。     

不同基质与植物生长调节剂对百合鳞片扦插繁殖的影响

以OT百合“Profundo”为材料，研究消毒剂、基质和植物生长调节剂对百合鳞片扦插繁殖的影响。结果表明：(1)经多菌灵800倍液处理10min，小鳞茎发生率最高，同时，小鳞茎数、根条数、繁殖系数等指标均表现尚可，为最佳消毒方法。(2)选用扦插基质河砂︰泥炭=1︰1，小鳞茎发生率和小鳞茎数均显著高于其他处理和对照，为最适宜基质。(3)不同植物生长调节剂对百合鳞片扦插繁殖影响不同，除6-BA和GA3,NAA、IAA、IBA这3种植物生长调节剂不同浓度处理的鳞片，在小鳞茎发生率、小鳞茎数、繁殖系数上均有不同程度的提高，其中，以200mg/L IBA处理的小鳞茎发生率和小鳞茎数最高。     

不同包埋密度对百合鳞片籽球繁育的影响

以‘西伯利亚’百合种球为试材,研究了不同包埋密度(800、1 200、1 600、2 000、2 400、2 800、3 200、3 600、4 000片·m~(-2))对百合鳞片籽球繁育的影响,调查并分析了各处理在繁殖系数、籽球鲜质量、生根数、根长、抽薹率及采收后籽球周径、质量等差异。结果表明:不同包埋密度对百合籽球的周径和质量存在差异显著,以800~1 600片·m-2的包埋密度百合籽球的周径和质量最大。不同包埋密度对百合鳞片籽球繁殖系数及抽薹率未呈现相关性。     

氮磷钾配方施肥对李产量及果实品质的影响

以大石早生李和黑宝石李为试验材料,研究了不同氮磷钾肥配比对李产量及品质的影响.结果表明:施用较高的氮磷钾肥有利于提高李果的产量和单果重,但适宜的氮磷钾肥配比更有利于改善李果的糖度和提高果实中的营养元素的含量.综合经济效益和环境效益,大石早生李的较合理氮磷钾比例为处理2(N∶P2O5∶K2O =1∶0.5∶1)和处理6(N∶P2O5∶K2O =0.5∶0.2∶1);黑宝石李较佳的比例为处理6(N∶P2O5∶K2O=0.5∶0.2∶1)和处理4(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.2∶1).     

氮、磷、钾肥配比对“金寿”杏产量及土壤养分吸收的影响

以6a生"金寿"杏为试材,通过4个氮、磷、钾肥配比田间试验:CK(N∶P2O5∶K2O=0∶0∶0)、处理A(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶1∶3)、处理B(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶2∶3)和处理C(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1∶3),研究其对土壤养分含量、单果重、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:施肥可以提高100cm土壤养分含量、单果重和果实产量。在"金寿"杏收获后,A、B和C处理的100cm土层速效钾平均含量分别比CK处理提高了40.16%、37.59%和56.42%;可溶性固形物含量分别比CK提高了4.26%、6.65%和7.17%;单株产量也比CK分别提高了16.72%、28.46%和18.75%;B处理下单果重、单株产量及折合产量均为最高。综合经济效益,处理B(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶2∶3)的效果最佳。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.