北京地区犬猫弓形虫病血清学调查

比较了酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和乳胶凝集试验对犬猫进行龚地弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）抗体检测的结果.在66只犬猫的血清中,ELISA方法检测的阳性率为24.0%,乳胶凝集试验阳性率为21.0%,二者的检测结果差异不显著（P＞0.05）.后采用ELISA方法对北京地区家养的159只犬和128只猫进行了弓形虫IGg抗体的检测,共有21只犬（13.21%）和18只猫（14.06%）检测结果为阳性.1岁以下犬（3.70%）、猫（4.35%）低于1至3岁犬（11.29%）和猫（6.98%）的感染率.3～6岁犬猫的感染率分别是27.27%和16.22%,6岁以上犬（30.0%）、猫（32.0%）的感染率最高.不同性别之间感染无明显差异（P＞0.05）.     

温州市犬弓形虫病流行病学调查

为研究温州市犬弓形虫病感染情况,应用酶联免疫吸附试验,检测351份血液样本。结果显示,本地区犬的弓形虫Ig G抗体阳性率为13.39%(47/351);公犬与雌犬阳性率差异不显著(P0.05),绝育/去势犬的阳性率显著低于未进行绝育/去势的犬(P0.05);成年犬Ig G抗体阳性率大大高于幼年犬和老年犬;流浪犬抗体阳性率最高,训导场内的犬最低,家养犬居中;不同饲喂食物下的犬,其Ig G抗体阳性率差异较大。     

厦门市宠物医院犬猫弓形虫病血清学调查

为了解厦门市宠物医院犬猫弓形虫感染情况,2019-2020年采集犬血清235份、猫血清191份,进行弓形虫病血清学调查.经酶联免疫方法检测发现,厦门地区犬弓形虫抗原和IgG抗体阳性率为4.68％,猫弓形虫抗原阳性率为5.24％,IgG抗体阳性率为4.71％.对不同健康状态、生活环境、性别和年龄进行比较分析,发现犬猫弓形...     

内蒙古部分地区犬猫弓形虫病流行情况调查

为了调查内蒙古呼和浩特地区犬猫弓形虫病的流行情况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验和胶体金免疫层析法对呼和浩特地区共254只犬猫进行弓形虫抗体检测,采用胶体金免疫层析法对阳性感染犬猫进行抗原检测.结果显示,利用酶联免疫吸附试验检测犬的弓形虫阳性率为12.6%,猫为10.3%;利用胶体金免疫层析方法检测犬的弓形虫阳性率为11.4%,猫为9.2%;利用胶体金免疫层析方法对阳性犬猫进行抗原检测,检出率分别为23.8%和33.3%.调查表明,不同来源犬猫的弓形虫感染率差异显著,因此,加强对散养及流浪犬猫的管理是非常必要的.同时建议加强血清学监测,以便及时有效地采取预防措施.     

郑州市区犬猫弓形虫病流行病学调查

<正>随着郑州市宠物饲养量不断增加,饲养犬、猫的市民对弓形虫病的担忧也日渐突出,为充分了解郑州市犬、猫弓形虫病感染情况和做好弓形虫病的防治工作,笔者于2009年1月份—2009年12月份从郑州市11个宠物医院中随机采集犬猫血清样本进行弓形虫检测。现报道如下。     

犬、猫弓形虫病的流行与防治

弓形虫病是由刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)感染而引起的一种人兽共患寄生虫病,其在公共卫生领域被高度重视。不同地域弓形虫感染率有所不同,犬、猫的弓形虫感染率也有较为显著的地域差异。在北京宠物医院,用胶体金技术检测弓形虫IgG抗体进行弓形虫病调查。结果71例样本中,犬28例,阳性1例,阳性率为3.57%;猫43例,阳性2例,阳性率为4.65%。     

浦东新区犬猫弓形虫病血清学调查分析

采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测194份犬猫血样,测得弓形虫IgG抗体阳性血清36份,阳性率为18．56％。不同来源的犬猫血清弓形虫IgG抗体阳性率不同,流浪犬猫的平均阳性率为27．3％,其中流浪犬阳性率最高为30．77％,其次流浪猫阳性率为25％,农村犬阳性率为22．86％,养犬场犬阳性率为15％,宠物犬阳性率为12．5％。不同来源的犬猫之间感染率差异不显著（P〉0.05）,宠物猫样本数少,未检测出阳性血清。胶体金免疫层析法和酶联免疫吸附试验对比试验显示,这两种方法对猫的弓形虫抗体检测结果基本相符。     

重庆市犬和猫弓形虫病的血清学调查

为了解重庆市犬和猫弓形虫感染及流行情况,采集重庆市渝北区猫血清76份,重庆18个区县的犬血清789份,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中的弓形虫抗体.结果表明,76份猫血清中阳性5份,阳性率6.58％;789份犬血清中阳性159份,阳性率20.15％,其中城市宠物犬432份,阳性率12.04％,农村家养犬357...     

2016年北京地区犬猫弓形虫抗体检测与分析

为贯彻落实“北京市中长期动物疫病防治规划(2013-2020)”,依据“2016年北京市动物疫病监测与流行病学调查计划”,采集北京16个区犬血清892份,猫血清835份,进行弓形虫抗体血清学调查.经IHA检测发现,犬弓形虫抗体阳性率2.24％,猫弓形虫抗体阳性率1.92％,不同区县以及不同场户类型的犬猫弓形虫感染率存在差异.     

呼和浩特地区犬弓形虫病血清学调查

为了研究呼和浩特地区犬弓形虫感染情况,试验采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对不同来源、不同性别、不同年龄试验动物的弓形虫抗体IgG与IgM进行检测.结果表明:酶联免疫吸附试验检测犬弓形虫抗体IgG与IgM 性率分别为12.4%和4.6%;不同来源犬的弓形虫感染率有显著差异,不同性别犬感染率无明显差异,随着年龄的增长I...     

Gastrointestinal parasites of feral cats from Christmas Island

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the gastrointestinal parasites present in feral cats on Christmas Island, with particular interest in the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. PROCEDURE: Faecal and serum samples were collected from 28 and 25 cats respectively that were trapped as part of an ongoing eradication program being run on Christmas Island by the Department of Environment and Conservation. Faecal samples were screened microscopically for helminth and protozoan parasites. Serum samples were screened for antibodies to T gondii using a commercial indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and a latex agglutination test (LAT). RESULTS: The most common helminth parasites detected were Toxocara cati (present in 15 of 28 faecal samples), Strongyloides sp (13/28), Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, (7/28), an unidentified capillarid (6/28) and Ancylostoma sp (4/28). Based on serology, T gondii was the most common parasite detected (protozoan or otherwise) with antibodies detected in 24 serum samples by IFA and 23 serum samples by LAT. CONCLUSION: Cats on Christmas Island harbour many of the helminth and protozoan parasites reported from feral cats elsewhere in Australia. The high seroprevalence of T gondii in these cats indicates a high level of exposure to the parasite in this environment.     

A Serological Survey of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Toxoplasma Gondii in Stray Cats

Veterinary Research Communications -     

Retrobulbar tumors in dogs and cats: 25 cases

Twenty-five cases of retrobulbar tumors are presented and discussed. Affected animals were dogs and cats (average 10.7 years). No breed or sex predisposition was noted. The most common clinical signs were exophthalmos (84%), conjunctival hyperemia (40%), protrusion of the nictitating membrane (28%), exposure keratitis (20%) and fundus abnormalities (20%). Diagnostic tools included fine needle aspiration, radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography and histology. Surgical treatment by orbitotomy or exenteration was combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in some cases. The prognosis was poor with low survival times: 1 month in cats, and 10 months in dogs, with a high rate of euthanasia (35%) at the time of diagnosis.     

Traumatic elbow luxation in 14 dogs and 11 cats

Objective To report the presentation and treatment of traumatic elbow luxation and to evaluate success following closed or open reduction. Design Retrospective case series conducted between April 1999 and April 2009. Methods Records of 14 dogs and 11 cats were reviewed for signalment, history, radiographic findings and treatment; 14 owners were contacted via phone questionnaire to assess for limb function following treatment. Fisher's two‐tailed P test was used to evaluate potential risk factors for lameness. Results The majority of luxations were caused by car accident and 96% of the cases luxated in a lateral direction. Closed reduction was successful in all cats and 11 dogs; 3 dogs required open reduction. Owners rated the animals' limb function as excellent (71%), good (7%), fair (22%) or poor (0%). All cats were rated excellent. An excellent result following closed reduction was achieved in 67% of canine cases. All cases of open reduction achieved fair results. All owners were satisfied with the outcome. No risk factors were significantly associated with post‐reduction lameness. Conclusions Elbow joints with good stability following closed reduction have a favourable outcome. Poor stability following closed reduction is an indication for surgery. Results suggest that cats tolerate elbow luxation better than dogs.     

Systemic treatment of bacterial skin infections of dogs and cats

Abstract Antibiotics and immunostimulants are used in the systemic treatment of bacterial skin infections in small animals. The major antibiotic groups commonly utilized are the macrolides, lincosamides, potentiated sulphonamides, β-lactamase-resistant penicillins, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Empirical usage, culture and sensitivity, mode of action, dosages, efficacy and side-effects are reviewed. A summary of the veterinary literature relative to immunostimulants is also included. Résumé— Antibiotiques et immunostimulants sont utilisés dans le traitement systémique des infections bactériennes cutanées des animaux de compagnie. Les families d'antibiotiques les plus utilisées sont les macrolides, les lincosanides, les sulfonamides potentialisés, les pénicillines résistantes à la lactamase, les céphalosporines et les fluoroquinolones. L'utilisation empirique, l'isolement et l'antibiogramme, le mode d'action, les dosages, l'efficacité et les effets secondaires sont présentés. Un résumé de la littérature vétérinaire concernant les immunostimulants est également inclus. [White, S. D. Systemic treatment of bacterial skin infections of dogs and cats. (Traitement systémique des infections bactériennes cutanées du chien et du chat). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 133–143.] Resumen Para el tratamiento sistémico de ls infecciones bacterianas cutáneas en pequeños animales se usan antibióticos e inmunoestimulantes. Los grupos de antibióticos más frecuentemente utilizados incluyen los macrólidos, lincosamidas, sulfonamidas potenciadas, penicilinas beta-lactamasa resistentes, cefalosporinas y fluoroquinolonas. Se revisan su uso empirico, cultivo y sensibilidad, mecanismo de acción, dosis, eficacia y efectos colaterales. Se incluye un resumen de la literatura veterinaria sobre immunoestimulantes. [White, S. D. Systemic treatment of bacterial skin infections of dogs and cats. (Tratamiento sistemico de las infecciones bacterianas cutaneas de perros y gatos). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 133–143.] Zusammenfassung— Antibiotika und Immunstimulantien werden in der systemischen Behandlung von bakteriellen Hautinfektionen bei Kleintieren eingesetzt. Die Hauptgruppen der gewöhnlich verwendeten Antibiotika sind Markrolide, Lincosamide, potenzierte Sulfonamide, beta-Laktamase-resistente Penicilline, Cephalosporine und Fluroquinolone. Die empirische Anwendung, Kultur und Empfindlichkeit, Wirkungsweise, Dosierung, Wirksamkeit und Nebenwirkungen werden dargestellt. Eine Zusammenfassung der Veterinärliteratur bezüglich Immunstimulantien wird miteingeschlossen. [White, S.D. Systemic treatment of bacterial skin infections of dogs and cats (Systemische Behandlung von bakteriellen Hautinfektionen bei Hund und Katze). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 133–143.]     

MRI features of CNS lymphoma in dogs and cats

The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of central nervous system lymphoma in eight dogs and four cats are described. Intracranial lesions affected the rostrotentorial structures in six dogs and caudotentorial structures in two cats. Lesions affected the spinal cord in two dogs and in two cats. One dog and one cat with intracranial lymphoma had signs of local extracranial extension and lymphadenopathy. Lesions were considered extraparenchymal in four dogs and three cats, intraparenchymal in two dogs and one cat, and appeared to have both intra- and extraparenchymal components in two dogs. All lesions were hyperintense in T2-weighted images when compared to white matter, most were hypointense in T1-weighted images (7/12), and most were hyperintense in fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images (5/9). When compared to grey matter, these lesions appear either isointense (5/12) or hyperintense (7/12) on T2-weighted images, half of them were hypointense in T1-weighted images (6/12), and most were isointense in FLAIR images (7/9). Lesion margins were usually indistinct in T2-weighted images (10/12) and had perilesional hyperintensity in FLAIR images (7/9). The majority of lesions (10/12) had abnormal meninges around the lesion and half (6/12) had generalized contrast enhancement. Mass effect was evident in all lesions. Although not specific, when combined with the history and neurologic signs, MR features aid presumptive diagnosis that should be confirmed by cytology or histopathology.     

CT findings in 20 dogs and six cats with confirmed nasal foreign bodies

The diagnosis and treatment of nasal foreign bodies usually includes a combination of rhinoscopy and imaging techniques, such as CT. The purpose of this retrospective, multicenter study was to describe the CT characteristics of nasal foreign bodies in dogs and cats and to determine if different nasal CT features exist between acute and chronic cases. Twenty dogs and six cats met the inclusion criteria. Eleven nasal foreign bodies (42%) were detected confidently with CT. The foreign body had a linear shape in 81% of cases and displayed a “tubular‐like appearance” in 54% of cases. In five cases (19%), a foreign body was suspected but not clearly visible. Additional CT changes were present in the nasal passages in 96% of the cases. The presence of turbinate destruction (P = .021) and mucosal thickening (P = .014) on CT were associated with the presence of a chronic nasal foreign body. In this sample, the nature of the foreign body did not influence its visibility and was not associated with specific CT characteristics. Computed tomography may be useful in the investigation of nasal foreign bodies, however, a negative CT examination does not exclude their presence.     

An evaluation of pulse oximeters in dogs, cats and horses

Objective Evaluation of five pulse oximeters in dogs, cats and horses with sensors placed at five sites and hemoglobin saturation at three plateaus. Study design Prospective randomized multispecies experimental trial. Animals Five healthy dogs, cats and horses. Methods Animals were anesthetized and instrumented with ECG leads and arterial catheters. Five pulse oximeters (Nellcor Puritan Bennett‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and Surgi‐Vet V3304) with sensors at five sites were studied in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Ten readings (SpO₂) were taken at each of three hemoglobin saturation plateaus (98, 85 and 72%) in each animal. Arterial samples were drawn concurrently and hemoglobin saturation was measured with a co‐oximeter. Accuracy of saturation measurements was calculated as the root mean squared difference (RMSD), a composite of bias and precision, for each model tested in each species. Results Accuracy varied widely. In dogs, the RMSD for the NPB‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and V3304 were 2.7, 2.2, 2.4, 1.7 and 2.7% respectively. Failure to produce readings for the NPB‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and V3304 were 0, 0, 0.7, 0, and 20%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the tongue, toe, ear, lip and prepuce or vulva were 0.95, 0.97, 0.69, 0.87 and 0.95, respectively. In horses, the RMSD for the NPB‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and V3304 were 3.1, 3.0, 4.7, 3.3 and 2.1%, respectively while rates of failure to produce readings were 10, 21, 0, 17 and 60%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the tongue, nostril, ear, lip and prepuce or vulva were 0.98, 0.94, 0.88, 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. In cats, the RMSD for all data for the NPB‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and V3304 were 5.9, 5.6, 7.9, 7.9 and 10.7%, respectively while failure rates were 0, 0.7, 0, 20 and 32%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for the tongue, rear paw, ear, lip and front paw were 0.54, 0.79,.0.64, 0.49 and 0.57, respectively. For saturations above 90% in cats, the RMSD for the NPB‐395, NPB‐190, NPB‐290, NPB‐40 and V3304 were 2.6, 4.4, 4.0, 3.5 and 4.8%, respectively, while failure rates were 0, 1.7, 0, 25 and 43%, respectively. Conclusions and clinical relevance Accuracy and failure rates (failure to produce a reading) varied widely from model to model and from species to species. Generally, among the models tested in the clinically relevant range (90–100%) RMSD ranged from 2–5% while failure rates were highest in the V3304.