Comparative Evaluation of Two Surgical Scrub Preparations in Cattle

One hundred seventeen cattle that had undergone surgery were assigned randomly to two preoperative skin preparation protocols. Group 1 (60 animals) skin preparation was with povidone-iodine soap and isopropyl alcohol, whereas group 2 (57 animals) had skin preparation with chlorhexidine gluconate and isopropyl alcohol. Quantitative microbial culture plates were used to estimate the number of colony forming units (CFUs) before skin preparation (prescrub), after skin preparation (postscrub), after surgery (postoperative), and in room air (environment). A significant decrease in CFU occurred postscrub for both skin preparations ( P <.05). Chlorhexidine and alcohol preparation resulted in significantly fewer CFUs (LSMean ± SE = 2.79 CFU ± 1.74) and a greater percentage reduction in CFUs (98.64%± 2.01) postscrub than povidone and alcohol (LSMean ± SE = 10.27 CFUs ± 1.51, 93.29%± 1.85); ( P <.005). Group 2 had a significantly higher frequency of negative cultures postscrub (49.1%) compared with group 1 (18.3%) ( P <.001). The number of postoperative CFUs were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. Wound infection frequency for clean surgical procedures was not significantly different between the two skin preparation protocols (group 1 = 9.8%, group 2 = 10.7%), however, infection frequency was significantly higher for surgical procedures with a ventral abdominal approach (5 of 14, 35.7%), compared with a flank approach (1 of 41, 2.4%) or other approaches (orthopedic procedures) (1 of 16, 6.3%) ( P <.05). Both skin preparation protocols were effective and safe in decreasing the skin microflora population of cattle before surgery and although preparation with chlorhexidine gluconate and alcohol resulted in less CFUs immediafly postscrub, the frequency of surgical wound infection was similar for both protocols.     

无规定动物疫病区评估管理办法中华人民共和国农业部令第1号

《无规定动物疫病区评估管理办法》业经2006年12月8日农业部第31次常务会议审议通过，现予发布，自2007年3月1日起施行。     

动物精液品质评定方法的研究进展

人工授精和体外受精技术的广泛应用,使精液保存技术得到了快速发展。精子的质量和功能状态直接影响其受精能力。文章综合阐述了近几年动物精液品质评定的方法:精子质膜完整性检测、线粒体活性的测定、受精能力的检测和精液中酶活性的测定。     

动物精液质量检测方法研究进展

家畜精液质量的检测对于人工授精技术和体外受精技术的应用具有重要意义。目前,在人类生殖临床和畜牧生产中,评定精液质量的方法大多是几个指标联合检测,使得精液质量评价的结果更加科学和准确。文章综述了近年来家畜精液质量检测的新技术、新方法和新进展,以便较确切的反映精子的质量与受精能力。     

畜禽杂种优势测定和评估方法的进展

现代畜牧业生产中,利用杂种优势可降低生产成本,挖掘种质资源的内在潜力,提高经济效益。在一些畜牧业发达的国家,肉用仔鸡几乎全是杂种。正是由于杂种优势在畜禽生产上的大规模应用,杂种优势的研究一直受到高度重视。作者在畜禽杂种优势理论基础上,从遗传距离法、线粒体混合试验法、蛋白质分子多态性、群间方差与群内方差之比法及分子标记法等方面综述了畜禽杂种优势测定和评估方法的研究进展,并简要、客观的分析了各方法的优缺点。     

Clinical Evaluation of Three Surgical Methods for Treatment of Caudal Cervical Spondylomyelopathy of Dogs

Sixty-four dogs with caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy (CCSM) caused by chronic degenerative disc disease were treated with ventral decompression (n = 20), linear traction and interbody screw stabilization (n = 7), or linear traction and plastic plate stabilization (n = 37). Interbody screw stabilization was ineffective in treating CCSM because of an unacceptably high rate of implant failures. Ventral decompression or linear traction and plastic plate stabilization were effective in the treatment of most patients with mild to moderate neurologic deficits (neck pain, paraparesis, or ambulatory tetraparesis). Although these techniques were also used successfully in some patients with severe neurologic deficits (weakly ambulatory tetraparesis or nonambulatory tetraparesis), variable success rates and prolonged postoperative recovery periods were noted.     

动物性控精液的分离及纯度评价方法的研究进展

性控技术可以加速优良种畜的繁育速度,有效发挥母畜的繁殖潜力,为乳用动物提供母畜,为肉用动物提供公畜。将雄性动物精液分离不但可以提高后代质量,而且可提高繁殖效率。动物性控精液的分离作为动物遗传育种的重要组成部分,为畜牧业发展起到了重要作用。本文综述了流式细胞仪分离精液的研究进展及精液纯度评价方法,以期为新方法的探索提供参考。     

动物福利与毛皮动物处死方法

本文通过描述动物福利的概念及国内外现状,毛皮动物处死的方法,提出了毛皮动物处死过程中动物福利的必要性.