庆阳市古树名木资源调查分析

采用实地调查和文案调查相结合的方法,对庆阳市8县(区)的古树名木进行逐株调查。结果表明:庆阳市现有古树名木745株,隶属于18科、25属、30种;其中,侧柏、枣树和国槐的数量相对较多;从地域分布来看,宁县和镇原县古树名木相对较多,占64.3%;古树生长旺盛占83.5%;一级古树46棵,二级古树145棵,三级古树554棵。     

宁夏古树名木保护现状及对策措施探讨

古树名木是大自然的馈赠,是前人留下的宝贵资源。为贯彻《全国绿化委员会关于开展全国古树名木资源普查的通知》(全绿字〔2017〕2号)精神,全面掌握宁夏古树名木资源现状、动态变化及保护现状,以宁夏林业调查规划院为主体,于2017年6月至2018年底,全面完成宁夏古树名木普查工作。本文通过调查全面掌握了古树名木资源现状、保护情况及存在的问题,为部门决策、开展古树名木保护提供理论依据,对开展古树名木保护工作具有重要指导意义。     

古树名木的复壮措施

钟山风景区共有642棵古树名木。古树名木的复壮工作是钟山生态环境保护工作的重要组成部分。尤其是近年来,钟山风景区的古树名木相继出现生长衰弱的状况,遭遇病虫害的严重威胁,甚至出现生存危机。因此,我们有必要采取相应措施推动古树名木的复壮工作。本文围绕着古树名木的复壮措施展开相应探讨。     

零陵区古树名木资源现状及保护对策

根据2016~2017年零陵区古树名木普查结果统计,零陵区登记在册的古树名木共有1215株,其中散生株1055株,群状160株,古树群9个,分属29科49属63种。本文主要对零陵区古树名木资源现状进行阐述,分析当前零陵区古树名木资源保护存在的问题,并提出相应保护对策,以期为零陵区古树名木资源保护提供理论依据。     

永州市古树名木保护管理现状与对策

为加强永州市古树名木资源的保护管理,调查分析永州市古树名木资源的种类、数量、分布和生存现状,指出在古树名木管护中存在保护管理资金严重不足、群众管护意识和素养欠缺、抢救复壮技术力量薄弱等问题,并提出了加大宣传,增强全民古树名木管护意识和素养;改良生境,给古树创造一个清洁通风透光的环境;增加投入,保证财政预算和专项保护复壮资金;试点建设,不断尝试和探索保护新模式;完善标准,做好古树名木后备资源普查建档等保护建议。     

珠海市古树名木资源现状与保护对策

古树名木保存了弥足珍贵的物种资源,加强古树名木和古树后续资源的保护,对于推进生态文明和美丽中国建设具有十分重要的意义。本文基于广东省古树名木普查的数据,在收集资料的基础上,从珠海市古树名木数量、树龄状况、树种组成、位置分布及生长情况等方面分析了珠海市古树名木资源现状,总结珠海市古树名木保护工作的现状和存在的问题,并提出相应的保护对策,为珠海市古树名木资源的可持续保护提供参考。     

河池市古树名木资源及管理对策

根据《全国古树名木普查档案技术规定》,在河池市古树名木调查资料的基础上,对全市范围内古树名木的生存状态、数量、种类、树龄等因素进行补充调查.结果表明:河池市古树名木有399株,隶属24科36属45种,分别占广西古树名木科、属、种、株数的38.3％、26.9％、23.6％、3％.并提出古树名木的保护管理存在的问题和管理对策,为全市古树名木保护提供决策参考.     

江苏泰州市主城区古树名木生长影响因素及保护对策

通过对泰州市主城区古树名木资源进行调查,分析古树名木衰弱的原因,并提出保护措施,为古树重焕生机提供理论依据。     

湘潭县易俗河镇古树名木现状与保护对策

易俗河镇古树名木资源丰富。通过调查对全镇古树名木的树种、数量、树龄、树高、胸径、冠幅等参数加以分析,并指出存在的问题,为该镇保护古树名木提供科学依据。     

北京举行2013年古树名木认养推进活动

近日,由首都绿化办和北京市总工会共同主办的"认养一棵古树,保护一片绿色,传承一段历史"——2013年古树名木认养推进活动现场会在北京朝阳区日坛公园举行。本次活动旨在宣传认养企业、家庭、个人强烈的环境意识和高度的社会责任感,号召社会各界人士关注首都古树名木保护工作,引领社     

湛江市古树名木资源的统计与分析

通过统计湛江市区内古树名木的分布位置、树龄、树高、冠幅、胸径等参数,分析该地区古树名木的生长规律和影响因素,并探讨有效的管养方法和保护措施,为今后使用古树名木地理信息系统实时监测其健康状况提供依据。     

浅谈天津盘山地区古树名木资源保护

本文介绍了天津市盘山地区古树名木的基本现状,分析了近些年来在古树名木的保护上出现的一些问题,进而提出了加强古树名木保护的几点建议     

中国部分古银杏资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析及核心种质的构建

利用AFLP技术,对来源于全国20个省(区)的180份银杏古树种质进行遗传多样性分析,在此基础上,利用逐步聚类的方法构建核心种质。结果表明,8对AFLP引物组合共扩增出1 646条谱带,多态条带百分率(PPB)为100%;平均观测等位基因数(Na)、平均有效等位基因数(Ne)、平均Nei’s基因多样度(H)和平均Shannon’s信息指数(I)分别为2.0000、1.2575、0.1662和0.2746;各种质间的遗传相似系数在0.6904~0.9115之间,平均值为0.7919。建立的银杏古树核心种质保留了原始种质的35%的样品。t检验结果表明,所构建的核心种质遗传多样性指数与原始种质差异不显著,能够最大程度的代表原始种质资源。     

Effects of roads on fruit crop and removal rate from rowanberry trees (Sorbus aucuparia) by birds in urban areas of Finland

Roads destroy natural habitats. To reduce erosion, support wildlife and decorate surroundings, ornamental trees are planted near the roadside. However, it is inadequately understood how roads influence fruit production of trees and birds that consume their fruits, within urban landscapes. During the autumn and winter of 2012–2013, we studied the extent to which birds used the fruit from rowanberry trees (Sorbus aucuparia), in two cities along a 700 km latitudinal gradient in Finland. In matched pair design (total of 35 pairs), we compared roadside trees (approximately 8 m from main roads) with trees grown away from roads (control trees; approximately >80 m from the roads). During the autumn, each rowanberry tree pair was photographed, and frugivorous birds were surveyed twice per month until all of the rowanberry fruit-crop was consumed. There was no difference in fruit crop size between roadside trees and control trees. A total of eight frugivorous bird species and 960 individuals were observed foraging in roadside trees. The three most abundant species were Bohemian waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus, 56.4%), Pine Grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator, 28.9%) and Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris, 10.5%). Total abundance and species richness of frugivorous birds were lower around roadside trees than control trees during most of the study period. Fruits were consumed later from roadside trees than from control trees, probably due to human-caused disturbance. Therefore, roadside rowanberry trees extended the period when frugivorous birds stayed in urban habitats. Later consumption of fruits in northern areas than in southern areas was related to earlier peak abundance of frugivorous birds in south than in north. Our results indicated that rowanberry is a suitable ornamental tree for urban and roadside landscaping and may additionally benefit birds and other frugivorous wildlife.     

扁桃的栽培及研究概况

扁桃(Amygdalus communis L.)属蔷薇科李亚科桃属扁桃亚属植物,为世界著名的干果树种,起源于中亚细亚,约6000年的栽培历史,大面积栽培始于19世纪后期。目前扁桃的引种栽培遍及美国、西班牙、希腊、意大利、土耳其等32个国家和地区,其中美国的栽培面积及产量均居世界之首。在我国,栽培扁桃的分布和产区位于新疆的南部,目前的栽培面积约10000hm~2。2001年世界扁桃总产量为610769t,其中美国的年总产量为397000t,其产量的75％出口到40多个国家,创汇5.87亿美元。综合有关文献介绍了世界扁桃的分布、产业发展和我国扁桃的引种、栽培概况及国内外扁桃的研究进展情况。     

Trees in urban religious sites: An analysis of their diversity in Arequipa,Peru

Facing the trend of rapid urbanization, conserving the biodiversity of urban green spaces is a challenge, particularly in a developing region like Latin America. In this sense, it is known that urban sacred sites have significant cultural and conservation significance within cities. However, more needs to be studied about the vegetation they house. Given the scientific gap, the composition, richness and abundance of trees in urban religious sites of Arequipa established since the 16th century were examined, and temporal changes in the composition and distribution of trees between ancient and modern sites were identified. 749 trees of 54 species were recorded in 26 religious’ sites. A higher proportion of exotic species (74%) corresponds in greater quantity to fruit trees (52%). There were no significant differences in tree richness and abundance between ancient and modern sites. However, the ancient sites had higher richness (96.3%) and abundance (71.4%). Likewise, ancient sites present a preference for growing fruit trees in orchards and cloister gardens, unlike modern sites focused on increasing ornamental trees, with a predominance of conifers and palms. Despite the long history of the monuments, the size of the site and the green areas significantly influenced the richness and abundance; similarly, the care of the gardens greatly influenced a site that stored greater diversity and abundance. In this way, it is demonstrated that these culturally significant places house an important tree diversity, with species of nutritional and ornamental value for the self-provisioning of the religious and the beautification of the gardens. In addition, they contribute to environmental sustainability, providing different ecosystem services to cities with rapid population growth.     

牡丹组野生种间亲缘关系和栽培牡丹起源研究进展

系统总结了近年来有关野生牡丹种间亲缘关系的研究进展,详细回顾了有关栽培牡丹起源的时间、地点、方式及祖先种等方面研究所取得的现有证据,并分析和讨论了栽培牡丹“多地”、“多元”起源的观点,认为栽培牡丹的起源途径是最初通过野生种的直接驯化获得原始品种,在此基础上通过突变和人工选择发展出古代和传统品种。除衍生出古代和传统品种的野生祖先种外,其它野生种通过自然与(或)人工杂交的方式参与现有品种群(亚群)的形成和发展。为寻找栽培牡丹起源的有力证据,不同栽培品种群(亚群)与野生种的分子系统学关系是今后研究的重点。     

The impact of pruning and mortality on urban tree canopy volume

Urban trees provide a wide range of ecosystem services for city residents, with tall, mature trees with wide crowns generally regarded as preferable. The tree biomass which is responsible for shading, pollution removal, rain runoff retention etc. gets periodically reduced by the municipal tree management practice of pruning. This is a necessary activity, which reduces the risk of infrastructure damage and falling branches, but many estimates of ecosystem service provision in cities do not consider its impact explicitly. Tree mortality is also higher in cities, preventing trees from attaining and remaining at large sizes. This study used extensive field measurements of tree structure to estimate the impact of pruning on 8 tree species in two Italian cities: Taranto and Florence. Crown widths were reduced by 1.6 m on average, however there is large variation between species variation with branches more often being removed for thinning crowns resulting in larger gap fractions, which increased by 15% on average. No significant differences were observed for crown widths or gap fraction between trees pruned 3 and 4 years previously, suggesting that tree crowns structurally recover from pruning after 3 years. A deterministic model revealed that current urban forest pruning rates (every 6 years) and mortality (1%) may create a situation in which a city dominated by the species studied benefits from 93.5% of the maximum ecosystem services possible. This work will allow more nuanced estimates of urban forest services to be calculated.     

太原双塔寺牡丹调查及分析

山西双塔寺因拥有数株明代牡丹而久负盛名，近年来又广植各色牡丹，已具有一定的规模。每年4a，寺内牡丹竞相开放，蔚然壮观。通过对双塔寺的实地考察，简要介绍双塔寺内牡丹的现状，分析牡丹的文化艺术价值，并指出寺内牡丹现存的主要问题，提出一些针对性的解决方法。