普那菊苣饲喂新西兰肉兔的效果研究

利用普那菊苣配合精料育肥新西兰肉兔,在5个精青料搭配组合中,精青料比为1:20时,只日均增重为 22.63 g,屠宰率为68.39％,经济效益为9.53元,与其他组合差异显著,是一个比较理想的搭配组合,可直接用于生产推广。     

新鮮苕子代替部分精料喂产卵母鸡

鸡吃精料較多,为节約粮食飼料,充分利用青粗料代替部分精料对发展养鸡有很大意义。同时合理进行青飼料、精飼料的搭配,对鸡本身也有重要的作用。鸡依靠砂囊磨碎飼料,盲腸不发达,对粗纤维的消化能力差,采用青料为主时,必須考虑如何适应鸡的这些特点。日本研究“杂草养鸡”的历史较久,其主要措施是将青草加工調制,縮小体积,     

菜籽饼不去毒喂猪效果

菜籽饼是我省一项价格低廉的饲料蛋白质资源。为了合理利用,解决蛋白质不足的问题,我们用15％不去毒菜籽饼混合在精、粗料中,与青料搭配使用,进行饲喂试验,结果证明效果很好。供试验猪是巴克夏,内江猪和黄泛猪,经杂交组合断奶的仔猪,共四窝32头。其中试验组三窝,其25头;对照组一窝7头。     

母兔乳房炎的综合防治

1实行科学配制饲料雨季到来前,可提前一个月开始,搭配好精青料。混合精料的配方示例:豆饼20%、麦麸20%、玉米粉40%、稻谷粉7%、干薯粉5%、鱼粉5%、贝壳粉2%、食     

浅析母猪产后常发病的防治

1 产后拒食 1.1 原因母猪产后喂料过多,精、粗饲料过多,青饲料太少,母猪大便结燥;分娩过程疲劳过度而引起食欲下降,吞食胎衣或者由于产道损伤而被感染发生炎症,都可造成母猪产后不食. 1.2 预防在产前给予营养丰富和易消化的饲料,精料、粗料、青料合理搭配.     

精青粗饲料以蛋白定比搭配法

<正> 应用精、青、粗饲料喂猪,是农村养猪的传统习惯,但由于搭配不当,饲料蛋白含量低,粗纤维含量过高,降低有机物的消化率,影响猪的生产力。为探讨精、青、粗饲料的合理搭配法,笔者根据方形配料原理、高能蛋白比计算猪日粮和优选法等,以符合1980年全国猪饲养标准中的消化能、可消化粗蛋白等为基本条件,摸索出精、青、粗饲料以蛋白定比搭配法,介绍于后,供参考。配料比例的计算(一)预算配料比例1.计算公式     

农村常见饲料饲喂方法

甘薯:不宜单喂或生喂,应煮熟后与配合料、糠麸、青料、粗料等合喂。米糠:营养丰富,营养价值高,喂量不宜过多,喂多了易引起便秘,米糠只占日粮的15%～20%,最好是与青料、甘薯合喂。麸皮:不仅含纤维率高,还有轻泻作用,麸皮不能单喂或久喂,要与精、粗、青料配合,只占日粮的15%。豆渣:营养单一,喂量不宜过多,也不能单独饲喂或生喂,要煮熟后与配合料、青粗料搭配饲喂,日喂量不超过日粮的30%,发霉变质的不能用作饲料。酒糟:酒糟中含有一定量的酒精,在用作饲料前要加水磨细或晒干粉碎,与精料、青料、甘薯、土豆合喂,鲜酒糟不超过日粮的30%。土豆:不…     

不同精料量对当年幼猪肥育效果试验

近年来,我国养猪业,在“以青、粗饲料为主,适当搭配清料”的方针指导下,已取得很大的成绩,同时也积累了不少的经验。但精、粗饲料的比例应如何搭配,需要进行系统的试验。新疆维吾尔自治区和新疆军区生产建设兵团(简称兵团)各单位养猪业,在以青、粗饲料为主的条件下,当年生猪的肥育,一般增重较慢,屠宰率较低,成本较高。为了初步找出春产仔猪在尽量利用青苜蓿,当年肥育屠宰的条件下,应搭配多少精枓,才能获得增重较快,屠宰率较高,成本较低的肥猪,我们在兵团某农场进行了本试验。     

串叶松香草舍饲肥育山羊精青料配合比例

阐述了舍饲喂羊的设备及羊群选择，并贵州黑山羊为例作了串叶草舍饲喂羊的精青料配合比例研究，该试验结果表明精青料比例以７．５％为最佳，其增重效果和经济效益均较好。     

不同精青比对肉猪快速育肥的饲养效果

随着肉猪快速育肥法的推广,对养猪生产如何合理搭配青料的问题议论较多,我国南方地区水生青料丰茂,加之目前粮食饲料尚不宽裕,怎样加入适量青料代替部份精料是仍值得研究的一个问题。本试验以上海郊区肉猪收购价格和松江县集体上市肉猪的供料水平为前提,最终以经济效益为目的,对     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.