糙米酵素提取物对高血脂大鼠脏器及消化酶影响的研究

研究糙米酵素提取物对高血脂大鼠脏体比、肝脏脂肪及消化酶的作用。动物实验结果表明,糙米酵素提取物使灌喂6周的大鼠体质量显著低于高脂对照组(HCK)(p<0.05),至8周时,则效果非常显著(p<0.01);与HCK相比,脾腺指数显著增加(p<0.01),说明糙米酵素提取物具有增强机体免疫功能的作用;大鼠各灌胃剂量组肝脏粗脂肪质量非常显著低于HCK(p<0.01),它们对肝脏粗脂肪含量的抑制率分别达32.26%,46.61%和33.81%,说明糙米酵素提取物对食源性脂肪肝有较好的预防作用,其中以高剂量组的作用效果最佳;各组大鼠十二指肠中累积的淀粉酶活性非常显著高于HCK组(p<0.01),淀粉酶含量的增加率分别达4.75%,5.56%和7.11%,而与HCK组相比,胃液蛋白酶差别不显著(p>0.05)。糙米酵素有助于降低血脂,提高体内消化酶含量。     

Breeding strategies for seed protein content and trypsin inhibitors inferred from combining ability and heterosis in test-crosses of Vicia faba

The relative importance of general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA, respectively), amount and causes of heterosis and inferences for breeding strategies were assessed for trypsin inhibitors activity (TIA) and seed protein content (SPC) in Vicia faba test-crosses. Four lines with low (‘Bond’) and high (‘H2OS’, ‘98/Tunesien’ and ‘Canner Express’) TIA, and two testers (‘Rowena’ and ‘Felicia’) with low TIA were used to produce test-crosses. GCA accounted for 89% and 57% of the test-cross sums of squares for SPC and TIA, respectively; SCA accounted for 48% and 34%, and differences between reciprocals for 6% and 9%. Specific heterosis was large only in low TIA × low TIA test-crosses and tended towards an increased TIA. Epistatic interaction explained the observed specific heterosis for high TIA. Breeding faba bean hybrids for high SPC and low TIA is not convenient because non-additive gene actions exert minimal effects on SPC or are in the undesired direction for TIA. Selecting inbred lines which combine low TIA, good SPC and satisfactory grain yield is more promising] Rowena and Rowena × Bond are adequate as base materials.