怎样选择种鹑

种鹑选择的原则是:眼晴大小要适中,目光稳而有神,颈细长,头圆,嘴短而有力,羽毛有光泽,肌肉丰满,皮薄腹软.     

影响种公猪种用年限的主要因素

近年来随着规模化养猪业的发展,人工授精技术不断提高,优良种公猪的重要性在生猪生产中发挥的重要作用也在逐渐加强,但种公猪如何高效持续提供优质精液,延长种公猪发挥种用性能的问题,一直困扰着广大养猪从业人员。文章通过管理优质种公猪的实际经验和参考行业内规模化种公猪站的管理方法,针对影响种公猪高效持续种用问题的各方面因素进行总结,以期为种公猪种用年限的延长提供理论参考和支持。     

如何正确选购种蜂王

经常会有蜂友问什么蜂种最好？要买最好的蜂种，我们的回答是：最适合的就是最好的。     

后备种猪的挑选及建议

在影响养猪生产的众多因素中,品种是关键因素之一,只有性能优良的品种才能使养猪效益更上一个台阶。种猪是猪场生产的命脉,健康的种猪是猪场猪群健康的源头;种猪一生的繁殖效率(经济效益)起于后备阶段;后备种猪是猪场提高生产水平关键的因素。     

獭兔选种重点和要求

不论什么用途的家兔,在选种时,首先必须具备品种特征、体质健壮、适应性强、耐粗饲、生产性能高,这是选种所要求的先决条件.由于家兔的生产类型不同,品种特性各异,选种的要求和重点也有所不同.     

民猪不同保种方案的保种效果与经济评价

根据盛志廉（１９８９）提出的保种、选育、利用相结合的系统保种思想．考虑到现实的一些条件．目前在兰西民猪保种场最可行的保种方案也是小群体保种、在保种场,以保种为中心。对东北民猪进行适当选育以保持其原有性能。并生产纯种民猪或（和）杂交猪以实现对民猪的利用。参考国内外有关猪小群体活体保种之经验、从兰西种猪场的实际出发、总结了三种可能的民猪保种方案。现分别对每种方案的保种效果做出分析与经济评价。为寻找适宜民猪的科学保种方法提供依据。１只保留纯种民猪、全群随机交配的保种选留模式这是最传统的保种方式。在保种…     

种獭兔的科学饲养管理技术

公兔精液的品质与饲料中的营养物质密切相关。配种期要多喂些对精子生成有利的饲料,尤其是要多喂些含维生素较多的饲料,如大麦芽、小麦芽、胡萝卜、鱼粉、大豆等。饲料营养要全面,尤其是蛋白质、矿物质、维生素等含量要适宜。在非配种期,可保持中等营养水平。夏季和秋季日饲喂量：精料100～120g,青草800～     

封育对干热河谷Savanna植物群落种间关联性的影响

为探讨封育措施对干热河谷稀树灌草丛（Savanna）群落种间关系的影响，在金沙江干热河谷实施水土保持封育20年的区域及其周边区域设置封育区和干扰区样地开展植被调查，应用方差比率（VR）法、χ2检验结合Jaccard指数法以及Spearman秩相关系数法对25个优势物种的种间关系进行比较分析。结果表明：封育导致稀树灌草丛群落组成及结构发生明显变化，有助于橘草等多年生乡土禾草的生长，促进假杜鹃（Bc）、清香木（Pw）和地檀香（Gf）等一些木质化程度较高的物种留存，同时抑制一年生物种、杂草类物种和外来物种的出现，在群落中形成多个建群物种；干热河谷稀树灌草丛群落总体种间联结以正联结为主，封育促进群落形成更加复杂的种间联结关系；相较于封育区，干扰区群落物种间存在较高的资源竞争或生态关系的相互排斥，促进一年生物种、杂草类物种和外来物种间形成较强的正联结关系，形成以黄茅为代表的单优势建群种群落，而封育区群落总体种间关系呈现显著正联结状态，促进豆科物种、木质化物种、乡土物种间形成正联结关系，优势物种间正负相关关系同时加强。以上结论表明，封育措施对干热河谷稀树灌草丛优势植物种间关系有重要影响，通过影响植...     

诱导三眠种与普通种的饲养对比试验

诱导三眠种与普通种的饲养对比试验浙江省蚕种公司金爱娟，张庆芳，叶秀珍浙江农业大学蚕学系陆雪芳用生理活性物质—金鹿三眠素诱导原蚕三眠化制造三眠蚕种，可增强原蚕体质，减少不产卵、少产卵蛾、不受精卵和残存卵，提高公斤茧和担“桑制种量，提高蚕种生产的经济效益...     

三探草坪的起源、演化及其概念——几种外文、外语“草坪”一词及其他

初步发掘、整理了英、德、拉丁、俄、日等五种文字、语言中草坪一词内积淀的有关草坪起源与演化的信息。三证草坪草的分化 ,草坪的起源与早期演化均属自然。人类活动于草坪中 ,认识、利用和发展了草坪 ,可以劲直、也可以曲折。人类利用草坪的方式 ,无论中、外大致相同 ,利用的水平与社会整体发展的水平大体相应。草坪由草地分化发育 ,是草地的一个特殊类型。     

铅、镉胁迫对饲用高粱生长及铅、镉吸收和累积的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了不同浓度的土壤外源重金属Pb,Cd及其复合胁迫对饲用高粱（Sorghum vulgare）生长的影响及其对Pb和Cd的积累能力。结果表明：随着Pb和Cd单一及复合胁迫浓度的增加,饲用高粱株高、生物量呈降低趋势,Pb和Cd含量呈增加趋势,茎鞘Cd含量及Cd累积量高于叶片,叶片Pb含量及Pb累积量高于茎鞘。在复合胁迫下,低、中浓度的Pb和Cd处理表现出相互促进吸收累积,高浓度处理表现出相互抑制吸收累积的特性,饲用高粱对Cd的富集能力远大于Pb。研究结果将为利用饲用高粱修复重金属污染土壤提供理论依据。     

加速溶剂萃取/超高效液相色谱-荧光法检测猪肉中氟苯尼考和氟苯尼考胺残留

为给动物源性食品中同时检测氟苯尼考（FF）及其主要代谢产物氟苯尼考胺（FFA）的残留提供新的安全可靠的方法，本研究建立了猪肉中FF及FFA残留检测的加速溶剂萃取/超高效液相色谱-荧光检测（ASE/UPLC-FLD）法。试验采用乙酸乙酯：氨水（98：2，V/V）为提取剂，样品经加速溶剂萃取后浓缩，用乙酸乙酯饱和正己烷除脂，再经浓缩复溶后进行UPLC-FLD检测。结果表明，FF及其代谢产物FFA在添加浓度为9.8~400和3.2~400 μg/kg的范围内线性关系良好，相关系数（R²）分别为0.9993和0.9999。FF的检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别为3.3和9.8 μg/kg；FFA的LOD和LOQ分别为1.2和3.2 μg/kg。样品在LOQ、0.5 MRL、1.0 MRL和2.0 MRL加标水平下的平均回收率为82.92%~96.72%，相对标准偏差（RSD）低于3.11%。综上所述，加速溶剂萃取（ASE）方法省时、环保、提取效率高，超高效液相色谱-荧光检测（UPLC-FLD）检测方法高效、灵敏、回收率高，是符合检测标准的新方法。     

犬猫皮肤癣菌病诊疗研究进展

犬猫皮肤癣菌病是小动物临床一种常见的皮肤病,该病不仅影响犬猫的外观,且可导致犬猫的瘙痒,严重时可引起疼痛,并显著增加畜主感染皮肤癣菌的几率,严重危害着动物及人类的健康。由于犬猫皮肤癣菌病本身的鉴别难度大、治疗周期长、复发率高及相关地域和环境因素的影响,导致近年来该病普遍流行并给临床诊疗工作带来极大困难。临床上可根据病史调查、临床检查、病原分离鉴定、皮肤病理组织活检等对该病进行诊断,并通过局部用药结合全身治疗,科学合理选用抗真菌药物,加强饲养管理等措施综合防制犬猫皮肤癣菌病。     

Renal biomarkers in domestic species

Current conventional tests of kidney damage and function in blood (serum creatinine and urea nitrogen) and urine (urine protein creatinine ratio and urine specific gravity) are widely used for diagnosis and monitoring of kidney disease. However, they all have important limitations, and additional markers of glomerular filtration rate and glomerular and tubular damage are desirable, particularly for earlier detection of renal disease when therapy is most effective. Additionally, urinary markers of kidney damage and function may help localize damage to the affected portion of the kidney. In general, the presence of high‐ and intermediate‐molecular weight proteins in the urine are indicative of glomerular damage, while low‐molecular weight proteins and enzymes in the urine suggest tubular damage due to decreased reabsorption of proteins, direct tubular damage, or both. This review aims to discuss many of these new blood and urinary biomarkers in domestic veterinary species, focusing primarily on dogs and cats, how they may be used for diagnosis of renal disease, and their limitations. Additionally, a brief discussion of serum creatinine is presented, highlighting its limitations and important considerations for its improved interpretation in domestic species based on past literature and recent studies.     

Viscoelastic materials in veterinary ophthalmology

Viscoelastic materials have applications in both human and veterinary ophthalmology and orthopedics and for humans in otorhinolaryngology, urinary incontinence, cosmetic surgery and cosmetics. In ophthalmology, viscoelasties are most commonly used in facilitating cataract and other anterior segment surgeries, but also have applications in posterior segment surgery and in the topical management of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Viscoelastics are routinely used during anterior segment surgery in filling and maintaining the anterior chamber, repositioning the iris, and to coat and protect the corneal endothelium, and expand the capsular bag prior to intraocular lens implantation. Viscoelastics can also be essential in the management of intraoperative complications such as miosis, hemorrhage, posterior capsular tears, and vitreous presentation. The most common products available for ophthalmic use include various concentrations of sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. The physical properties of each viscoelastic material are dependent on chain length, and intra-and interchain interactions. The rheologic properties of viscosity, pseudoplasticity, viscoelasticity, and surface tension dictate the usefulness of each material for a specific purpose.     

Field trials of a formulation containing moxidectin and 6 in 1 vaccines for sheep

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of a formulation containing moxidectin and 6 in 1 vaccine in sheep under field conditions.
Design: Efficacy and safety study.
Animals: Two hundred and five crossbred Merino lambs and two hundred and eight Merino ewes were used in the studies.
Procedure: A formulation was made for the simultaneous treatment of sheep with moxidectin and immunisation against clostridial diseases and caseous lymphadenitis. The efficacy against nematodes, vaccine response and safety were assessed.
Results: Effective control of nematodes and responses to antigens were achieved following subcutaneous administration. The formulation was safe to administer; occasional minor tissue reactions were evident, but no other adverse effects of treatment were observed in either pregnant ewes or lambs, using either the recommended dose, or an overdose of the formulation.
Conclusion: Administration of a formulation containing moxidectin, five clostridial antigens and caseous lymphadenitis antigen proved safe and efficacious under field conditions.     

储存环境对鸡蛋壳表面3种沙门氏菌存活与迁移的影响

为探明不同储存环境对蛋壳表面沙门氏菌存活和向蛋内迁移的影响,在鸡蛋壳表面人工接种肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和鸡白痢沙门氏菌,试验环境设定温度4、25和37℃,环境相对湿度（RH）设定为50%和90%,在不同的储存环境下,各个时间点检测蛋壳表面沙门氏菌数量与蛋内容物中沙门氏菌污染情况。结果显示,4℃环境下可显著减少蛋壳表面3种沙门氏菌的数量;50% RH、25和37℃环境下蛋壳表面3种沙门氏菌的数量均逐渐下降;90% RH、25℃环境下蛋壳表面肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在个别时间点出现数量反弹,其总体数量呈现下降趋势,37℃环境下鸡白痢沙门氏菌的数量快速下降,而肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的数量先下降后上升,并保持在接种的数量级水平。鸡蛋内容物的检测结果显示,肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在高温、高湿环境下更易被检出,而鸡白痢沙门氏菌始终未被检出。综上所述,低温、低湿可减少蛋壳表面沙门氏菌存活,并阻止其菌体向蛋内迁移,高温、高湿环境促进蛋壳表面沙门氏菌的增殖,增加了其向蛋内迁移的几率,不同血清型沙门氏菌在鸡蛋壳表面的存活和向蛋内迁移的侵袭力存在一定差异。     

Pemphigus: current therapy

Pemphigus is an autoimmune skin disease that can present in a variety of forms and can be a challenging disease to manage and treat. An overview of the different forms of pemphigus and diagnostics are discussed including pemphigus foliaceus (PF), pemphigus erythematosus (PE), panepidermal pustular pemphigus (PPP), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP). Emphasis on therapy is presented. Included are the most current commonly used therapeutics (glucocorticoids, azathioprine, chlorambucil and tetracycline and niacinamide); current alternative therapeutics (cyclosporin and tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil) and additional alternative therapeutics (cyclophosphamide, chrysotherapy, dapsone, sulfasalazine and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy).