腹腔镜与开腹膀胱造口术对小型猪主要临床体征的影响

试验选用14头健康小型猪,随机分成两组,分别进行腹腔镜膀胱造口术(LC组)和开腹膀胱造口术(OC组)。两组手术全程用重症监护仪和呼吸监护仪进行监护,在试验前、麻醉后、术中10、30、60 min及术后即刻记录RR、HR、BP、SpO_2、PetCO_2和T,以分析对比两种手术方法对机体生理功能的影响。两组手术均成功完成,LC组术中HR、BP、SpO_2高于OC组,但差异不显著。LC组术中RR和PetCO_2显著高于OC组(P0.01),术后即刻在数值上LC组高于OC组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术在术中对机体主要的临床体征未产生较大不良影响,从而证明腹腔镜下小型猪膀胱造口术是安全可行的。     

膀胱造口术治疗猪膀胱积尿及破裂

1989年～1997年笔者共诊治猪膀胱积尿和破裂38例,其中采用中西药物和其它手术方法治疗的17例,均因继发性腹膜炎及尿毒症死亡,后改用膀胱造口术治疗的21例中,膀胱积尿14例,破裂7例,除1例因膀胱破裂后施术较晚死亡外,其余均获痊愈,成功率达95.2%.     

膀胱造瘘治疗猪泌尿系统疾病

近年来,我地区猪的尿道结石及膀胱结石病不断发生,经采用中西药物治疗,收效甚微,大多以膀胱破裂、尿毒症而死亡,给畜主造成不应有的经济损失。笔者根据有关报道,采用膀胱造瘘的手术方法治疗病猪15例,治愈13例,取得了较满意的效果。     

一例公猫的尿道造口手术

采用会阴部尿道造口术,成功地治愈一例尿道膀胱结石患猫。文章详细介绍了手术程序和术后护理,可为该病在临床中的治疗提供资料。     

公犬尿道造口手术及术后护理

公犬尿路较长,其尿道沿骨盆腔底壁正中向后方延伸,绕过坐骨弓至阴囊基部,之后转入阴茎的腹侧,向前延伸开口于阴茎头。由于阴茎骨部尿道比较狭窄,各种原因引起的结石在此处很难随着尿液排出体外,因此尿道结石多发生于公犬,在母犬很少发生。笔者通过症状观察、临床检查配合X光检查确定结石部位,探讨该病采取尿道切开及尿道造口手术的治疗效果。临床手术证实,该手术方法简单,创伤小、出血少、动物痛苦小、复发率低。     

猫尿石症诊断及尿道造口手术

经问诊、视诊、触诊、尿道探查等常用临床检查手段,结合B型超声检查等特殊检查和尿液常规检查等实验室检查,确诊猫尿石症;并通过血液常规检验、血液生化检查等血液检查项目,判断机体的整体情况,根据患病猫的机体状况和病情发展阶段确定采取尿道造口手术治疗。     

牛和猪的胆囊造瘘实用手术

近年来,熊胆、胆红素等药物资源的开发利用发展很快,只靠屠宰和自然死亡收取动物胆汁,显然供不应求。因此活体收取胆汁的方法逐渐被人们所重视。但国内尚未见有关家畜胆囊外科手术的报道。笔者于1988年对牛和猪用导管引流胆汁成功地进行了胆囊造瘘术试验。通过对7例牛和5例猪的     

一例猫尿石症的诊断和尿道造口手术

我处接诊1例猫尿石症疑似病例,经过问诊、视诊、触诊、尿道探查等常用临床检查手段,结合B超检查和尿常规检查等实验室检查方法,确诊为猫尿石症。根据患病猫的机体状况和病情发展阶段,确定采取尿道造口手术治疗。通过术后治疗和护理,该患病猫表现良好。     

我国的小型猪与香猪

１概述自４０年代起,一些经济发达国家即开始投巨资,用于小型猪生产的研究及开发利用,现国外已成功的培育出了尤卡坦、明尼苏达、毕曼魔尔、海福特、哥廷根、捷克、西伯利亚、汉森、辛克菜、赫尔姆等多品种品系的小型猪种,饲养管理费用低、多用作医药试验研究。６０年...     

Retrospective comparison between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and open plating for tibial fractures in dogs

Objectives: To compare fracture healing in diaphyseal tibial fractures stabilized using either minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Methods: Dogs in each group were matched for type of fracture, age and body weight. Stage of healing was measured blindly every four weeks postoperatively until complete healing. Outcome variables including fracture length, plate length, plate bridging ratio, plate working length, healing grading, and fracture reduction were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test. Significant difference was set at p <0.05. Results: Based on the definition of clinical union, at 30 days five out of eight dogs managed with MIPO had healed, while two of the eight of dogs managed with ORIF had healed. We did not find any significant differences in the other outcome measures. No complications were reported in the MIPO group whereas one major complication was reported in the ORIF group. Clinical significance: All dogs treated by MIPO healed rapidly without any complications, nevertheless the difference in radiographic healing between the two groups was not significant.     

Recent advances in soft tissue minimally invasive surgery

Advancements in soft tissue minimally invasive surgery have been rapid and comprehensive since its inception in human medicine approximately 25 years ago. From its origins in traditional laparoscopy, followed rapidly by video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery, minimally invasive surgery in human medicine has evolved through a number of different platforms that now include single‐port approach devices, robotic surgery as well as natural orifice transluminal endosurgery. Whilst some of these remain beyond the reach of veterinary medicine for now, largely because of technical challenges and the prohibitive costs of some single‐use disposable components, veterinary minimally invasive surgery is advancing rapidly allowing our small animal patients to benefit from some of the many documented advantages that a minimally invasive approach affords the patient .     

Immune response to an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae vaccine in swine

Piglets vaccinated with an inactivated tetravalent vaccine (Pleurovac 4) against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 2, 5 and 7, produced circulating antibodies after a first intramuscular injection and showed an anamnestic reaction after a second. The rise in antibody levels in vaccinated piglets was statistically significant when compared with those of the control group. The administration of 1 or 2 mL of vaccine did not lead to significantly different antibody levels. The specificity of the immune response is demonstrated by an increase in titer to all four serotypes in pigs given the tetravalent vaccine, but an increase in titer to only two serotypes in pigs given a bivalent vaccine (Pleurovac).     

Coccidiosis in swine: dose and age response to Isospora suis.

Coccidiosis is a disease of the young piglet due to infection with Isospora suis and is characterized by diarrhea which is nonresponsive to antibacterial therapy. There is variable morbidity and mortality. Piglets develop a more severe clinical illness and enteritis when infected with I. suis at one to three days of age than when infected at two weeks of age. Microscopic lesions range from villous atrophy and mild erosion to severe fibrinonecrotic enteritis.     

Host response to various treatments to reduce Salmonella infections in swine.

Host response was evaluated following the administration of various treatments, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and vaccination, to reduce Salmonella in swine. Response to the treatments were studied by the evaluation of phagocytosis rates by flow cytometry, by studying the activation of whole-blood phagocytes by bioluminescence, the production of IgA against S. Typhimurium, and by histopathology. Significant differences were observed in the activation of whole-blood phagocytes in all groups of treated pigs (P = 0.0001). In SC54 vaccinated pigs, a significant reduction of Salmonella in the ileum was observed (P < 0.05) and the production of IgA against S. Typhimurium was higher in this group in comparison to uninfected control pigs (P = 0.0007). Furthermore, significant histopathological (P < 0.05) changes were observed in SC54 vaccinated pigs. Villus height and mucus and goblet cells density in the small intestine were reduced in vaccinated pigs in comparison to infected control pigs. Taken together, these findings suggest that SC54 vaccine can stimulate local immunity and reduce the presence of Salmonella in the ileum in swine. Use of SC54 vaccine should thus be considered in further field experiments.