三氧化二砷对鸡马立克病病毒诱导鸡肝脏肿瘤中血管生长相关因子表达的影响

为了探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)对马立克病病毒(MDV)诱导鸡肝脏肿瘤中血管生长相关因子表达的影响,构建了鸡马立克病病例模型,通过腹腔注射As2O3(3.0 mg/kg体重),于35 d,40 d与45 d观察临床症状及血管组织病理学改变,采用半定量RT-PCR法检测肝脏肿瘤中血管生长相关因子VEGF、KDR及bFGF mRNA表达水平。结果表明,MD病鸡肝脏肿瘤内VEGF、KDR及bFGF mRNA均高水平表达,As2O3能够下调肿瘤组织内VEGF、KDR与bFGF mRNA的表达水平,并呈现时间效应。揭示As2O3能够通过下调肝脏肿瘤组织中VEGF、KDR与bFGF mRNA的表达水平,减少血管的生成,进而抑制肿瘤生长,这是As2O3抗肿瘤作用机制之一。     

一氧化氮在三氧化二砷抑制马立克病病鸡肾脏肿瘤生长中的作用

为了探讨一氧化氮(NO)在三氧化二砷(As2O3)抑制马立克病病鸡肾脏肿瘤生长中的作用,复制了鸡马立克病病例模型,通过腹腔注射As2O3,于35 d4、0 d与45 d观察病理学改变,检测肾脏肿瘤组织NO含量、T-NOS、cNOS及iNOS的活性和iNOS mRNA的表达水平。结果表明As2O3能够显著抑制肾脏肿瘤生长,降低肿瘤组织内的NO含量、T-NOS、cNOS及iNOS活性和iNOS mRNA表达水平,并呈现时间效应。揭示NO在As2O3抑制MD病鸡肾脏肿瘤生长中的作用发挥着重要作用。     

蛋鸡马立克氏病及防治措施

<正>鸡马立克氏病(MD)是由疱疹病毒科中的马立克氏病疱疹病毒引起的一种鸡的肿瘤性疾病。该病毒的特点是侵害鸡体淋巴细胞,使其转化为肿瘤,在鸡的内脏器官、神经干、皮肤、肌肉及眼形成肿瘤的疾病。有传染性,能导致鸡大批死亡,对养鸡业有很大威胁。     

鸡马立克氏病的流行特点与防制对策

鸡马立克氏病(Marek′s Disease,MD)是由疱疹病毒引起的鸡淋巴细胞增生性肿瘤疾病,其病原为马立克氏病病毒(MDV)。该病主要特征是病鸡的外周神经、性腺、各种脏器、眼的虹膜、肌肉和皮肤等发生淋巴细胞浸润、肿大和形成肿瘤。本病     

蛋鸡马立克氏病及防治措施

<正>鸡马立克氏病(MD)是由疱疹病毒科中的马立克氏病疱疹病毒引起的一种鸡的肿瘤性疾病。该病毒的特点是侵害鸡体淋巴细胞,使其转化为肿瘤,在鸡的内脏器官、神经干、皮肤、肌肉及眼形成肿瘤的疾病。有传染性,能导致鸡大批死亡,对养鸡业有很大威胁。     

鸡马立克氏病的诊断

<正>马立克氏病(MD)是最常见的一种鸡淋巴组织增生性传染病。它是由马立克氏病毒(MDV)引起鸡的一种高度接触性传染性肿瘤疾病,以淋巴组织的增生和肿瘤形成为特征。马立克氏病是危害世界养禽业最严重的病毒性肿瘤性传染病。MD经羽毛囊排毒,空气传播,传染力极强,是鸡的3大主要疫病之一。该病于     

苏威提供多样化的马立克氏病疫苗为您解决马立克氏病的所有难题

马立克氏病的危害性马立克氏病(Marek’s disease,MD)是各品种鸡均可发生的一种肿瘤性疾病,对养鸡业造成严重的威胁。发生马立克氏病后,可在鸡的内     

广东车岗地区肉鸡马立克氏病多发的原因调查

鸡马立克氏病(MD)是由鸡马立克病毒(MDV)引起的鸡最常见的淋巴组织增生病,以外周神经、性腺、虹膜、各种内脏、肌肉和皮肤的淋巴组织浸润、增生和肿瘤形成为特征,由于鸡MD一般在成年时期发病,发病后又没有有效的药物或疫苗来进行治疗,且发病率     

不同马立克氏病抗性鸡攻毒后IL-18基因的差异表达

本试验致力于评价鸡白细胞介素-18(IL-18)基因的表达模式与马立克氏病抗性遗传性状的相关性。MDV-1分别感染7日龄普通品系和抗性品系的霞烟鸡,攻毒后第4、7、10、14、21、28、35天采集外周血并分离外周血淋巴细胞,利用实时定量PCR技术对外周血淋巴细胞中IL-18转录水平进行相对定量分析。结果表明,普通霞烟鸡外周血淋巴细胞中具有相对高水平的IL-18mRNA,而马立克氏病抗性霞烟鸡外周血淋巴细胞中则具有相对低水平的IL-18mRNA。结果显示,鸡IL-18基因的表达模式与马立克氏病(MD)抗性遗传性状可能相关。     

鸡马立克氏病免疫失败原因剖析

马立克氏病(MD是由疱疹病毒科细胞结合性马立克氏病病毒(MDV)引起鸡淋巴组织增生性肿瘤的一种高度接触性传染病。本病以患鸡内脏、外周神经、性腺、皮肤及眼出现肿瘤为特征。由于各组织器官肿瘤病灶的形成,不仅使残次     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.